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Acarinaria
An acarinarium is a specialized anatomical structure which is evolved to facilitate the retention of mites on the body of an organism, typically a bee or a wasp. The term was introduced by Walter Karl Johann Roepke. Evolution The acarinarium has evolved to enhance the mutualistic relationship between the mites and the host organism. There are numerous cases where mites are phoretic on organisms that benefit from the mites' presence; cases where the host's body has changed over evolutionary time to accommodate the mites are far less common. The best-known examples are among the Apocritan Hymenoptera, in which the hosts are typically nest-making species, and it appears that the mites feed on fungi in the host nests (thus keeping away the fungi from host's offspring or their provisions), or possibly other parasites or mites whose presence in the nest is detrimental to the hosts. It is especially telling that nearly all the examples involve only the females of the host species, as it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acarinarium
An acarinarium is a specialized anatomical structure which is evolved to facilitate the retention of mites on the body of an organism, typically a bee or a wasp. The term was introduced by Walter Karl Johann Roepke. Evolution The acarinarium has evolved to enhance the Mutualism (biology), mutualistic relationship between the mites and the host organism. There are numerous cases where mites are phoresy, phoretic on organisms that benefit from the mites' presence; cases where the host's body has changed over evolutionary time to accommodate the mites are far less common. The best-known examples are among the Apocritan Hymenoptera, in which the hosts are typically nest-making species, and it appears that the mites feed on fungi in the host nests (thus keeping away the fungi from host's offspring or their provisions), or possibly other parasites or mites whose presence in the nest is detrimental to the hosts. It is especially telling that nearly all the examples involve only the femal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florida Entomologist
The ''Florida Entomologist'' is an quarterly open access scientific journal published by the Florida Entomological Society. Founded in 1917 as “The Florida Buggist” and in 1920 was renamed, into “The Florida Entomologist.” Manuscripts from all disciplines of entomology are accepted for consideration. The chief editor is James Nation of the University of Florida The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public land-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida, traces its origins to 1853, and has operated continuously on its .... According to the 2013 Journal Citation Reports, the impact factor of The Florida Entomologist is 0.975 which ranks it 50/94 in "Entomology". It is notable as the first journal to experiment with a hybrid open access business model. References Bibliography * Denmark H. A. 1993. An overview of the history of the Florida Entomological Society on its diamond or s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parancistrocerus
''Parancistrocerus'' is a rather large genus of potter wasps whose distribution spans the Nearctic, eastern Palearctic, Oriental and Neotropical regions. A pair of medial pits on the anterior face of the pronotum and the expansion of the tegulae put this genus close to the genus '' Stenodynerus'' and many species of both genera are somewhat difficult to assignate to their respective genus. Their species are notable for having a smooth depression acting as an acarinarium at the base of the second metasomal tergum and hidden under the first metasomal tergum. This acarinarium serves as shelter for symbiotic Symbiosis (from Greek , , "living together", from , , "together", and , bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two different biological organisms, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasit ... deutonymphs of mites in the family Winterschmidtiidae. Most of the species bear a transverse carina on the first metasomal terg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potter Wasp
Potter wasps (or mason wasps), the Eumeninae, are a cosmopolitan wasp group presently treated as a subfamily of Vespidae, but sometimes recognized in the past as a separate family, Eumenidae. Recognition Most eumenine species are black or brown, and commonly marked with strikingly contrasting patterns of yellow, white, orange, or red (or combinations thereof), but some species, mostly from tropical regions, show faint to strong blue or green metallic highlights in the background colors. Like most vespids, their wings are folded longitudinally at rest. They are particularly recognized by the following combination of characteristics: # a posterolateral projection known as a parategula on both sides of the mesoscutum; # tarsal claws cleft; # hind coxae with a longitudinal dorsal carina or folding, often developed into a lobe or tooth, and; # fore wings with three submarginal cells. Biology Eumenine wasps are diverse in nest building. The different species may either use existi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sister Species
In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and taxon B are sister groups to each other. Taxa A and B, together with any other extant or extinct descendants of their most recent common ancestor (MRCA), form a monophyletic group, the clade AB. Clade AB and taxon C are also sister groups. Taxa A, B, and C, together with all other descendants of their MRCA form the clade ABC. The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree which offers yet more sister group relationships, both among the leaves and among larger, more deeply rooted clades. The tree structure shown connects through its root to the rest of the universal tree of life. In cladistic standards, taxa A, B, and C may represent specimens, species, genera, or any other taxonomic units. If A and B are at the same taxonomic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seta
In biology, setae (singular seta ; from the Latin word for "bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Annelid setae are stiff bristles present on the body. They help, for example, earthworms to attach to the surface and prevent backsliding during peristaltic motion. These hairs make it difficult to pull a worm straight from the ground. Setae in oligochaetes (a group including earthworms) are largely composed of chitin. They are classified according to the limb to which they are attached; for instance, notosetae are attached to notopodia; neurosetae to neuropodia. Crustaceans have mechano- and chemosensory setae. Setae are especially present on the mouthparts of crustaceans and can also be found on grooming limbs. In some cases, setae are modified into scale like structures. Setae on the legs of krill and other small crustaceans help them to gather phytoplankton. It captures them and allows th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lasioglossum
The sweat bee genus ''Lasioglossum'' is the largest of all bee genera, containing over 1700 species in numerous subgenera worldwide.Gibbs, J., et al. (2012)Phylogeny of halictine bees supports a shared origin of eusociality for ''Halictus'' and ''Lasioglossum'' (Apoidea: Anthophila: Halictidae).''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 65(3), 926-39. They are highly variable in size, coloration, and sculpture; among the more unusual variants, some are cleptoparasites, some are nocturnal, and some are oligolectic. Most ''Lasioglossum'' species nest in the ground, but some nest in rotten logs. Social behavior among species of ''Lasioglossum'' is extraordinarily variable; species are known to exhibit solitary nesting, primitive eusociality, and social parasitism. Colony sizes vary widely, from small colonies of a single queen four or fewer workers to large colonies of >400 workers and perennial life cycles. The genus ''Lasioglossum'' can be divided ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halictini
Halictini is a tribe of sweat bees in the sub-family Halictinae. Genera The following are included by ''BioLib.cz'': # '' Agapostemon'' Guérin-Ménéville, 1844 # '' Agapostemonoides'' Roberts & Brooks, 1987 # '' Caenohalictus'' Cameron, 1903 # '' Dinagapostemon'' Moure & Hurd, 1982 # '' Echthralictus'' Perkins & Cheesman, 1928 # '' Eupetersia'' Blüthgen, 1928 # '' Glossodialictus'' Pauly, 1984 # '' Habralictus'' Moure, 1941 # ''Halictus'' Latreille, 1804 # '' Homalictus'' Cockerell, 1919 # ''Lasioglossum'' Curtis, 1833 # '' Mexalictus'' Eickwort, 1978 # '' Microsphecodes'' Eickwort & Stage, 1972 # '' Nesosphecodes'' Engel, 2006 # '' Paragapostemon'' Vachal, 1903 # '' Parathrincostoma'' Blüthgen, 1933 # '' Patellapis'' Friese, 1909 # '' Pseudagapostemon'' Schrottky, 1909 # '' Ptilocleptis'' Michener, 1978 # '' Rhinetula'' Friese, 1922 # '' Ruizantheda'' Moure, 1964 # ''Sphecodes ''Sphecodes'' is a genus of bees from the family Halictidae, the majority of which are black and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thectochlora
Augochlorini is a tribe of sweat bees in the subfamily Halictinae. They are found in the Nearctic and Neotropic realms. They typically display metallic coloration, with many species that are red, gold, green, blue, or purple. Genera * '' Andinaugochlora'' Eickwort, 1969 * '' Ariphanarthra'' Moure, 1951 * ''Augochlora'' Smith, 1853 * ''Augochlorella'' Sandhouse, 1937 * '' Augochlorodes'' Moure, 1958 * ''Augochloropsis'' Cockerell, 1897 * '' Caenaugochlora'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratalictus'' Moure, 1943 * '' Chlerogas'' Vachal, 1904 * '' Chlerogella'' Michener, 1954 * '' Chlerogelloides'' Engel, Brooks & Yanega, 1997 * '' Corynura'' Spinola, 1851 * '' Corynurella'' Eickwort, 1969 * '' Halictillus'' Moure, 1947 * ''Ischnomelissa'' Engel, 1997 * ''Megalopta'' Smith, 1853 * ''Megaloptidia'' Cockerell, 1900 * '' Megaloptilla'' Moure & Hurd, 1987 * ''Megommation'' Moure, 1943 * '' Micrommation'' Moure, 1969 * ''Neocorynura'' Schrottky, 1910 * '' Paracorynurella'' Gonçalves, 2010 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halictidae
Halictidae is the second-largest family of bees (clade Anthophila) with nearly 4,500 species. Halictid species are an extremely diverse group that can vary greatly in appearance. These bees occur all over the world and are found on every continent except Antarctica. Usually dark-colored (frequently brown or black) and often metallic, halictids are found in various sizes, colors and patterns. Several species are all or partly green and a few are red, purple, or blue. A number of them have yellow markings, especially the males, which commonly have yellow faces, a pattern widespread among the various families of bees. The family is one of many with short tongues and is best distinguished by the arcuate (strongly curved) basal vein found on the wing. Females in this family tend to be larger than the males. They are commonly referred to as "sweat bees" (especially the smaller species), as they are often attracted to perspiration. Ecology Most halictids nest in the ground, often in ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augochlorini
Augochlorini is a tribe of sweat bees in the subfamily Halictinae. They are found in the Nearctic and Neotropic realms. They typically display metallic coloration, with many species that are red, gold, green, blue, or purple. Genera * '' Andinaugochlora'' Eickwort, 1969 * '' Ariphanarthra'' Moure, 1951 * '' Augochlora'' Smith, 1853 * '' Augochlorella'' Sandhouse, 1937 * '' Augochlorodes'' Moure, 1958 * '' Augochloropsis'' Cockerell, 1897 * '' Caenaugochlora'' Michener, 1954 * '' Ceratalictus'' Moure, 1943 * '' Chlerogas'' Vachal, 1904 * '' Chlerogella'' Michener, 1954 * '' Chlerogelloides'' Engel, Brooks & Yanega, 1997 * '' Corynura'' Spinola, 1851 * '' Corynurella'' Eickwort, 1969 * '' Halictillus'' Moure, 1947 * ''Ischnomelissa'' Engel, 1997 * ''Megalopta ''Megalopta'' is a widespread neotropical genus of bees in the tribe Augochlorini in family Halictidae, known as the sweat bees. They are the largest of the five nocturnal genera in Augochlorini. Most have pale integum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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