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Zythiostroma
''Zythiostroma'' is a genus of canker fungus in the family Nectriaceae. The two or three species in the genus, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Nectria'', have been found in Europe and Java. Taxonomy The type species ''Zythiostroma mougeotii'' was originally described as ''Sphaeria mougeotii'' by Elias Magnus Fries in 1828, but was later called ''Sphaeronaemella mougeotii'' by Italian mycologist Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1884. The teleomorph forms of ''Z. pinastri'' and ''Z. mougeotti'' are '' Nectria cucurbicula'' and '' N. sinopica'', respectively. Description The mycelium produced by ''Zythiostroma'' species is branched, contains septa (partitions that divide cells into compartments), and is pale brown to translucent hyaline. The conidiomata (structures that bear conidia) start their development below the level of the cortex, but eventually appear on the surface, and may be either separate or aggregated. Their shape can be spherical to depressed in the center, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zythiostroma Pinastri
''Zythiostroma'' is a genus of canker fungus in the family Nectriaceae. The two or three species in the genus, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Nectria'', have been found in Europe and Java. Taxonomy The type species ''Zythiostroma mougeotii'' was originally described as ''Sphaeria mougeotii'' by Elias Magnus Fries in 1828, but was later called ''Sphaeronaemella mougeotii'' by Italian mycologist Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1884. The teleomorph forms of ''Z. pinastri'' and ''Z. mougeotti'' are '' Nectria cucurbicula'' and '' N. sinopica'', respectively. Description The mycelium produced by ''Zythiostroma'' species is branched, contains septa (partitions that divide cells into compartments), and is pale brown to translucent hyaline. The conidiomata (structures that bear conidia) start their development below the level of the cortex, but eventually appear on the surface, and may be either separate or aggregated. Their shape can be spherical to depressed in the center, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zythiostroma Patinelloideum
''Zythiostroma'' is a genus of canker fungus in the family Nectriaceae. The two or three species in the genus, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Nectria'', have been found in Europe and Java. Taxonomy The type species ''Zythiostroma mougeotii'' was originally described as ''Sphaeria mougeotii'' by Elias Magnus Fries in 1828, but was later called ''Sphaeronaemella mougeotii'' by Italian mycologist Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1884. The teleomorph forms of ''Z. pinastri'' and ''Z. mougeotti'' are '' Nectria cucurbicula'' and '' N. sinopica'', respectively. Description The mycelium produced by ''Zythiostroma'' species is branched, contains septa (partitions that divide cells into compartments), and is pale brown to translucent hyaline. The conidiomata (structures that bear conidia) start their development below the level of the cortex, but eventually appear on the surface, and may be either separate or aggregated. Their shape can be spherical to depressed in the center, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zythiostroma Mougeotii
''Zythiostroma'' is a genus of canker fungus in the family Nectriaceae. The two or three species in the genus, which are anamorphs of the genus ''Nectria'', have been found in Europe and Java. Taxonomy The type species ''Zythiostroma mougeotii'' was originally described as ''Sphaeria mougeotii'' by Elias Magnus Fries in 1828, but was later called ''Sphaeronaemella mougeotii'' by Italian mycologist Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1884. The teleomorph forms of ''Z. pinastri'' and ''Z. mougeotti'' are '' Nectria cucurbicula'' and '' N. sinopica'', respectively. Description The mycelium produced by ''Zythiostroma'' species is branched, contains septa (partitions that divide cells into compartments), and is pale brown to translucent hyaline. The conidiomata (structures that bear conidia) start their development below the level of the cortex, but eventually appear on the surface, and may be either separate or aggregated. Their shape can be spherical to depressed in the center, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banksia Verticillata
''Banksia verticillata'', commonly known as granite banksia or Albany banksia, is a species of shrub or (rarely) tree of the genus ''Banksia'' in the family Proteaceae. It is native to the southwest of Western Australia and can reach up to 3 m (10 ft) in height. It can grow taller to 5 m (16 ft) in sheltered areas, and much smaller in more exposed areas. This species has elliptic green leaves and large, bright golden yellow inflorescences or flower spikes, appearing in summer and autumn. The New Holland honeyeater (''Phylidonyris novaehollandiae'') is the most prominent pollinator, although several other species of honeyeater, as well as bees, visit the flower spikes. A declared ''vulnerable'' species, it occurs in two disjunct populations on granite outcrops along the south coast of Western Australia, with the main population near Albany and a smaller population near Walpole, and is threatened by dieback (''Phytophthora cinnamomi'') and aerial canker ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nectriaceae
The Nectriaceae comprise a family of fungi in the order Hypocreales. It was circumscribed by brothers Charles and Louis René Tulasne Louis René Étienne Tulasne, a.k.a. Edmond Tulasne (12 September 1815 – 22 December 1885) was a French botanist and mycologist born in Azay-le-Rideau. He originally studied law at Poitiers, but his interest later turned to botany. As a youn ... in 1865. List of genera This is an incomplete list of genera in the family Nectriaceae: References Ascomycota families Taxa named by Edmond Tulasne Taxa described in 1844 {{Hypocreales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nectria Cucurbicula
''Nectria'' is a genus of Ascomycete fungi. They are most often encountered as saprophytes on decaying wood but some species can also occur as parasites of trees, especially fruit trees (for example apple) and a number of other hardwood trees. Some species are significant pests causing diseases such as apple canker, Nectria twig blight, and coral spot in orchards. It is ubiquitous in cool temperate Europe and North America and appears to be an introduced species in New Zealand and Australia. The occurrence in New Zealand was first identified in 1996 in Otago and Southland although it is believed to have been present since the 1980s. In North America, ''Nectria'' infections have had economically important impacts on forestry and forest products including aspen, red oak, maple, beech, poplar, and birch. Species of ''Nectria'' also occur in warmer climates including island groups such as Hawaii. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008), the genus contains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nectria Sinopica
''Nectria'' is a genus of Ascomycete fungi. They are most often encountered as saprophytes on decaying wood but some species can also occur as parasites of trees, especially fruit trees (for example apple) and a number of other hardwood trees. Some species are significant pests causing diseases such as apple canker, Nectria twig blight, and coral spot in orchards. It is ubiquitous in cool temperate Europe and North America and appears to be an introduced species in New Zealand and Australia. The occurrence in New Zealand was first identified in 1996 in Otago and Southland although it is believed to have been present since the 1980s. In North America, ''Nectria'' infections have had economically important impacts on forestry and forest products including aspen, red oak, maple, beech, poplar, and birch. Species of ''Nectria'' also occur in warmer climates including island groups such as Hawaii. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008), the genus contains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycelium
Mycelium (plural mycelia) is a root-like structure of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrate (biology), substrates. A typical single spore germinates into a Monokaryon, monokaryotic mycelium, which cannot reproduce sexually; when two compatible monokaryotic mycelia join and form a dikaryotic mycelium, that mycelium may form sporocarp (fungi), fruiting bodies such as mushrooms. A mycelium may be minute, forming a colony that is too small to see, or may grow to span thousands of acres as in ''Armillaria''. Through the mycelium, a fungus absorbs nutrients from its environment. It does this in a two-stage process. First, the hyphae secrete enzymes onto or into the food source, which break down biopolymers, biological polymers into smaller units such as monomers. These monomers are then absorbed into the mycelium by facilitated diffusion and active transport. Mycelia are v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyaline
A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from el, ὑάλινος, translit=hyálinos, lit=transparent, and el, ὕαλος, translit=hýalos, lit=crystal, glass, label=none. Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is named after its glassy appearance on fresh gross pathology. On light microscopy of H&E stained slides, the extracellular matrix of hyaline cartilage looks homogeneously pink, and the term "hyaline" is used to describe similarly homogeneously pink material besides the cartilage. Hyaline material is usually acellular and proteinaceous. For example, arterial hyaline is seen in aging, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and in association with some drugs (e.g. calcineurin inhibitors). It is bright pink with PAS staining. Ichthyology and entomology In ichthyology and entomology, ''hyaline'' denotes a colorless, transparent substance, such as unpigmented fins of fishes or clear insect wings. Resh, Vincent H. and R. T. Cardé, Eds. Encyclo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conidia
A conidium ( ; ), sometimes termed an asexual chlamydospore or chlamydoconidium (), is an asexual, non-motile spore of a fungus. The word ''conidium'' comes from the Ancient Greek word for dust, ('). They are also called mitospores due to the way they are generated through the cellular process of mitosis. The two new haploid cells are genetically identical to the haploid parent, and can develop into new organisms if conditions are favorable, and serve in biological dispersal. Asexual reproduction in ascomycetes (the phylum Ascomycota) is by the formation of conidia, which are borne on specialized stalks called conidiophores. The morphology of these specialized conidiophores is often distinctive between species and, before the development of molecular techniques at the end of the 20th century, was widely used for identification of (''e.g.'' ''Metarhizium'') species. The terms microconidia and macroconidia are sometimes used. Conidiogenesis There are two main types of conidium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pier Andrea Saccardo
Pier Andrea Saccardo (23 April 1845 in Treviso, Treviso – 12 February 1920 in Padua) was an Italian botanist and mycologist. Life Saccardo studied at the Lyceum in Venice, and then at the Technical Institute of the University of Padua where, in 1867 he received his doctorate. He was an Assistant to Roberto de Visiani (1800-1878) an Italian botanist, naturalist and scholar. Then in 1869, he became a professor of Natural History in Padua. In 1876 he established the mycological journal ''Michelia'' which published many of his early mycological papers. In 1879 he became a professor of Botany and director of the botanical gardens of the university until 1915. He accumulated around 70,000 fungal specimens encompassing over 18,500 different species for his herbarium. Which is still stored at the university. Saccardo's scientific activity focused almost entirely on mycology. He wrote his first book in 1864 (when he was 19 years old), ''Flora Montellica: an introduction to the flo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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