Zollverein
The (), or German Customs Union, was a coalition of States of the German Confederation, German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories. Organized by the 1833 treaties, it formally started on 1 January 1834. However, its foundations had been in development from 1818 with the creation of a variety of custom unions among the German states. By 1866, the included most of the German states. The Zollverein was not part of the German Confederation (1815-1866). The foundation of the was the first instance in history in which independent states consummated a full economic union without the simultaneous creation of a political federation or Political union, union. Kingdom of Prussia, Prussia was the primary driver behind the creation of the customs union. Austrian Empire, Austria was excluded from the because of its highly Protectionism, protectionist trade policy, the unwillingness to split its customs territory into the separate Austrian, Hu ...
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