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Zigadenus
''Zigadenus'' is a genus of flowering plants now containing only one species, ''Zigadenus glaberrimus'', the sandbog death camas, found in the southeastern United States from Mississippi to Virginia. Around 20 species were formerly included in the genus, but have now been moved to other genera. Description ''Zigadenus glaberrimus'' generally grows to a height of . A total of 30–70 flowers are borne in panicles. Each white to cream colored flower is bell-shaped, across. The tepals of the flower remain attached to the fruit capsule when it forms. The cone shaped seed capsules are long by across. ''Zigadenus glaberrimus'' flowers from mid July to September. It is found growing in pine bogs, savannas and sandy pinelands in the US states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. Systematics The genus is a member of the family Melanthiaceae, tribe Melanthieae. Molecular phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have resulted in numb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melanthieae
Melanthieae is a tribe of flowering plants within the family Melanthiaceae. Molecular phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have resulted in a large-scale reassignment of many of its species to different genera; in particular the genus ''Zigadenus'' (deathcamases) has been restricted to a single species, ''Zigadenus glaberrimus''. Plants contain alkaloids, making them unpalatable to grazing animals; many are very poisonous to both animals and humans. Description Like the family as a whole, members of the tribe are "lilioid monocots", i.e. their flowers superficially resemble those of the genus ''Lilium'', with six tepals not differentiated into sepals and petals. As with other lilioid monocots, they were previously included in a broadly defined family Liliaceae. They are found mainly in woodland or alpine habitats in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (North America, Central America, and Asia), with one species found in South America. They are perennials, growing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Venenosum
''Toxicoscordion venenosum'', with the common names death camas and meadow death camas, is a species of flowering plants in the genus ''Toxicoscordion'', of the Melanthiaceae family. It is native to western North America from New Mexico to Saskatchewan and west to the Pacific Ocean. The plant is called alapíšaš in Sahaptin, and nupqasaquⱡ ("nup-ka-sa-qush") in Ktunaxa. Description ''Toxicoscordion venenosum'' grows up to 70 cm tall with long, basal, grass-like leaves. The bulbs are oval and look like onions but do not smell like edible onions of the genus ''Allium''. The flowers are cream coloured or white and grow in pointed clusters, flowering between April and July. The flower clusters are a raceme (each cluster branches once along the main stalk), unlike its close relative ''Toxicoscordion paniculatum'', in which the flowers are born in a panicle (doubly branched flower stalks). The flowers have three sepals and three petals. Varieties Varieties include: * ''Toxi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Fremontii
''Toxicoscordion fremontii'', known as the common star lily or Frémont's deathcamas (after John C. Frémont) or star zigadene, is an attractive wildflower found on grassy or woody slopes, or rocky outcrops, in many lower-lying regions of California, southwestern Oregon, and northern Baja California Baja California (; 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California), is a state in Mexico. It is the northernmost and westernmost of the 32 federal entities of Mex .... Like other deathcamases, ''T. fremontii'' grows from a more or less spherical bulb, which in this species has a diameter of 20–35 mm. Its leaves can reach up to half a meter in length, but are typically half that length. They grow from the base of the plant. Flowers, which can be seen from March to June, grow in clusters. They have six petals (strictly, three petals and three very similar sepals), arranged symmetrically, givin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Micranthum
''Toxicoscordion micranthum'', the smallflower deathcamas, is a flowering plant in the genus ''Toxicoscordion''. It is native to Oregon and California, primarily in the Coast Ranges from Douglas County to Napa and Sonoma Counties, with isolated populations in Lassen, Plumas, Santa Clara, and San Benito Counties. It is a member of the serpentine soil Serpentine soil is an uncommon soil type produced by weathered ultramafic rock such as peridotite and its metamorphic derivatives such as serpentinite. More precisely, serpentine soil contains minerals of the serpentine subgroup, especially anti ...s flora. ''Toxicoscordion micranthum'' is a bulb-forming herb up to 70 cm tall and bearing as many as 60 flowers. Flowers are white or cream-colored, sometimes with green markings, 5–12 mm in diameter hence smaller than most of the other species in the genus. References External links Jepson Manual Treatment, ''Zigadenus micranthus'' Eastw. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Paniculatum
''Toxicoscordion paniculatum'' is a species of flowering plant known by the common names foothill deathcamas, panicled death-camas, and sand-corn. It is widely distributed across much of the western United States, especially in the mountains and deserts of the Great Basin region west of the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of habitat, including sagebrush plateau, grasslands, forests, and woodlands, etc. ''Toxicoscordion paniculatum'' is a perennial wildflower growing from a brown or black bulb up to 5 centimeters long by 3 wide. The stem grows up to 70 centimeters long. The leaves are linear in shape, measuring up to 50 centimeters long. Most of the leaves are at the base of the stem and there may be a few reduced leaves above. The inflorescence is an open panicle of flowers, becoming dense at the tip. (The flower pictured here appears to be of the close relative ''Toxicoscordion venenosum''; see Burke Museum external link for accurate descriptions.) The panicle contains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygacine
Zygacine is a steroidal alkaloid of the genera ''Toxicoscordion'', ''Zigadenus'', ''Stenanthium'' and ''Anticlea'' of the family Melanthiaceae. These plants are commonly known and generally referred to as death camas. Death camas is prevalent throughout North America and is frequently the source of poisoning for outdoor enthusiasts and livestock due to its resemblance to other edible plants such as the wild onion. Despite this resemblance, the death camas plant lacks the distinct onion odor and is bitter to taste. The effects of zygacine consumption are lethal. Symptoms in humans include nausea, vomiting, slowed heart rate, low blood pressure and ataxia.Stegelmeier, Bryan L., Reuel Field, Kip E. Panter, Jeffery O. Hall, Kevin D. Welch, James A. Pfister, Dale R. Gardner et al. "Selected poisonous plants affecting animal and human health." In ''Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology (Third Edition)'', pp. 1259-1314. 2013. Poisoned animals suffer from loss of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Fontanum
''Toxicoscordion fontanum,'', common name small-flower death camas, is a rare plant species known only from serpentine marshes in California. It is found primarily in the Coast Ranges from Mendocino County to San Luis Obispo County, with an additional report of an isolated population in the Sierra Nevada foothills in Kern County east of Bakersfield. ''Toxicoscordion fontanum'' is a bulb-forming perennial herb. Bulbs are egg-shaped, up to 40 mm (1.6 inches) long, not clumped together. Inflorescences are paniculate, sometimes with as many as 100 flowers. Tepals are cream-colored, up to 12 mm (0.5 inches) long; filaments shorter than the tepals. Toxicity As with many other species formerly included in ''Zigadenus'', this species is highly toxic and potentially lethal to humans and to livestock. Some people have eaten it confusing it with wild onion, ''Allium'' spp. ''Zigadenus'' and ''Toxicoscordion'' do not, however, have the characteristic onion scent associated with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Nuttallii
''Toxicoscordion nuttallii'' (Nuttall's death camas, death camas, poison camas, poison sego) is a species of poisonous plant native to the south-central part of the United States (Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Missouri, Louisiana, Mississippi, Kansas, and Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...). ''Toxicoscordion nuttallii'' is a bulb-forming herb up to 75 cm tall. One plant can have as many as 60 cream-colored flowers. References External linksphotos, short description, ecological informationLady Bird Johnson Wild flower Center, University of Texas, Austin, ''Zigadenus nuttallii'' (A. Gray) S. Watson Nuttall's deathcamas, Death Camas, Poison onion, Nuttall's death camas [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stenanthium Densum
''Stenanthium densum'' is a poisonous but spectacular monocot wildflower native to pine barrens of the eastern United States. It is known variously as Osceola's plume, crowpoison, or black snakeroot. '' Stenanthium leimanthoides'' is either treated as a synonym of this species or as a separate species. It is native to the southernmost Gulf Coast, from eastern Louisiana east, down through most of Florida, and to the easternmost Atlantic Coast north to Rhode Island, seldom far from the coast. Within the family Melanthiaceae, it is placed in the tribe Melanthieae. Molecular phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have resulted in substantial rearrangement of the species in this tribe, many being moved to different genera. ''S.'' ''densum'' was previously placed in ''Zigadenus ''Zigadenus'' is a genus of flowering plants now containing only one species, ''Zigadenus glaberrimus'', the sandbog death camas, found in the southeastern United States from Mississippi to Virginia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Exaltatum
''Toxicoscordion exaltatum'' the giant deathcamas, is a North American flowering plant in the genus ''Toxicoscordion'', reputed to be deadly poisonous. It is native to California, Oregon, and Nevada, where it can be found in the Sierra Nevada foothills :''See Sierra Nevada for general information about the mountain range in the United States.'' The ecology of the Sierra Nevada, located in the U.S. states of California and Nevada, is diverse and complex: the plants and animals are a significant .... References External linksJepson Manual Treatment exaltatum [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicoscordion Brevibracteatum
''Toxicoscordion brevibracteatum'' (syn. ''Zigadenus brevibracteatus'') is a species of flowering plant known by the common name desert deathcamas. It is native to Baja California, Sonora, and California, where it grows in sandy desert habitat among creosote and Joshua trees. ''Toxicoscordion brevibracteatum'' is a perennial wildflower growing from a brown or black bulb up to 4 centimeters long. The stem grows up to 50 or 60 centimeters long. The leaves are linear in shape, measuring up to 30 centimeters long by one wide. Most of the leaves are at the base of the stem and there may be a few reduced leaves above. The inflorescence is an open panicle of flowers at the tips of branches. The flowers are male or bisexual, with six cream-colored tepal A tepal is one of the outer parts of a flower (collectively the perianth). The term is used when these parts cannot easily be classified as either sepals or petals. This may be because the parts of the perianth are undif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amianthium
''Amianthium'' is a North American genus of perennial plants growing from bulbs. It contains the single known species ''Amianthium muscitoxicum'', known in English as fly poison from a literal translation of the Latin Specific epithet (botany), epithet ''muscitoxicum'', and is noted for its pretty flowers and its toxic alkaloid content. While all parts of the plant are poisonous, the bulb is particularly toxic. The scientific Specific epithet (botany), epithet was given to it by Thomas Walter (botanist), Thomas Walter when he published his ''Flora Caroliniana'' in 1788. The bulb was mixed with sugar by American colonists to kill flies. The toxic alkaloids present in the roots and leaves include jervine and amianthine. ''Amianthium'' is self-incompatibility in plants, self-incompatible and is pollinated mostly by beetles. It is native to eastern North America, as far north as Pennsylvania, west roughly to the Appalachian Mountains (with an additional area in the Ozarks), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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