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''Vexillum'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Costellariidae. This genus is not monophyletic. It is considered a "dumping ground" for an array of unrelated forms.Cernohorsky WO. 1966. ''A study of mitrid radulae and a tentative generic arrangement of the family Mitridae.'' The Veliger 9: 101–126 Species Species within the genus ''Vexillum'' include: * '' Vexillum acromiale'' (Hedley, 1915) * '' Vexillum acuminatum'' (Gmelin, 1791) * '' Vexillum acupictum'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Vexillum adamsianum'' Cernohorsky, 1978 * '' Vexillum aemula'' (E. A. Smith, 1879) * '' Vexillum aequatoriense'' Herrmann & Stossier, 2011 * '' Vexillum albofulvum'' Herrmann, 2007 * '' Vexillum albolineatum'' Cossignani & Cossignani, 2007 * '' Vexillum albotaeniatum'' (Hervier, 1897) * '' Vexillum altisuturatum'' Chino & Herrmann, 2014 * '' Vexillum alvinobalani'' Guillot de Suduiraut, 1999 * '' Vexillum amabile'' (Reeve, 1845) * '' Vexillum amand ...
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Costellariidae
Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as ''Vexillum'' miters. The main family of miter shells however is Mitridae, a closely related group. The monophyly of this family has been confirmed. Taxonomy This family was previously sometimes known as Vexillidae. ''Latiromitra'' (from family Ptychatractidae) has been found to be closely related to Costellariidae in the molecular phylogeny analysis by Fedosov & Kantor (2010). Genera Genera within the family Costellariidae include: * ''Alisimitra'' Fedosov, Herrmann & Bouchet, 2017 * ''Atlantilux'' S.-I Huang, 2015 * ''Austromitra'' Finlay, 1927 * ''Ceratoxancus'' Kuroda, 1952 * ''Costapex'' Fedosov, Herrmann & Bouchet, 2017 * ''Latiromitra'' Locard, 1897 * ''Mitromica'' S. S. Berry, 1958 * '' Nodicostellaria'' Petuch, 1987 * ''Orphanopusia'' Fedosov, Herrmann & Bouchet ...
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Gastropod Shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a Gastropoda, gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it (semi-slug). Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the Aperture (mollusc), aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group. Shell layers The gastropod shell has three major layers secreted by the Mantle (mollusc), mantle. The calcareous central layer, tracum, is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated into an organic matrix known as c ...
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Vexillum Albotaeniatum
''Vexillum albotaeniatum'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. Description The shell is elongated with longitudinal ridges, and is white with some darker spots. The last whirl exceeds half of the total length of the shell, with a pointed lip. The shell's throat is also striated. The length of the shell reaches 14-15 millimeters, and its diameter reaches a max of 5 millimeters. Distribution This marine species occurs off New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of New Caledonia , map_caption = Location of New Caledonia , mapsize = 290px , subdivision_type = Sovereign st ... and the Philippines. References * Turner H. 2001. Katalog der Familie Costellariidae Macdonald, 1860. Conchbooks. 1-100 page(s): 15 External links Hervier, J. (1897). Descriptions d'espèces nouvelles de l'archipel de la Nou ...
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Vexillum Asperum
''Vexillum asperum'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as ''Vexillum'' miters. The main family ..., the ribbed miters. Description The length of the shell attains 27.9 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off the Philippines. References * Turner H. (2008) ''New species of the family Costellariidae from the Indian and Pacific Oceans (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Muricoidea)''. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 137(1): 105–125. 7 June 2008page(s): 115 asperum Gastropods described in 2008 {{Costellariidae-stub ...
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Vexillum Articulatum
''Vexillum articulatum'', common name the articulated mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. Description The length of the shell attains 11.4 mm. (Original description) The shell is shortly fusiform and somewhat ventricose. The whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...s are smooth, longitudinally rather obsoletely plicated, slightly tubercled in the middle. The shell is pale pinkish scarlet, encircled with a small white brown-articulated zone. The columella is four-plaited. The shell is pale pinkish scarlet, encircled with a small white brown articulated zone. Distribution This species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico off Louisiana. References * Sarasúa H. (1978). Especies nuevas de ...
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Vexillum Arestum
''Vexillum articulatum'', common name the articulated mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. Description The length of the shell attains 11.4 mm. (Original description) The shell is shortly fusiform and somewhat ventricose. The whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...s are smooth, longitudinally rather obsoletely plicated, slightly tubercled in the middle. The shell is pale pinkish scarlet, encircled with a small white brown-articulated zone. The columella is four-plaited. The shell is pale pinkish scarlet, encircled with a small white brown articulated zone. Distribution This species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico off Louisiana. References * Sarasúa H. (1978). Especies nuevas de ...
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Vexillum Arabicum
''Vexillum arabicum'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as ''Vexillum'' miters. The main family ..., the ribbed miters. Description Distribution This marine species occurs off Dhofar, Oman. References * Turner H. (2008) ''New species of the family Costellariidae from the Indian and Pacific Oceans (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Muricoidea)''. Archiv für Molluskenkunde 137(1): 105–125. 7 June 2008page(s): 115 * Gori, S.; Rosado, J.; Salisbury, R. A. (2019). Costellariidae (Gastropoda) from Dhofar, Oman with descriptions of eight new species and notes on Vexillum appelii (Jickeli, 1874). Acta Conchyliorum. 18: 25-48. arabicum Gastropods described in 2008 {{Costellariidae-stub ...
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Vexillum Approximatum
''Vexillum approximatum'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. Description The ovate shell is turreted. The whorls are convexly angulated at the sutures, longitudinally ribbed and crossed by impressed striae. The interstices are punctured. The aperture is striated within. The columella is four-plaited. The color of the shell is white, banded and blotched irregularly with chestnut-brown. Distribution This marine species occurs off the Philippines and Hawaii. Fossils have been found in early Miocene strata on Enewetak Atoll Enewetak Atoll (; also spelled Eniwetok Atoll or sometimes Eniewetok; mh, Ānewetak, , or , ; known to the Japanese as Brown Atoll or Brown Island; ja, ブラウン環礁) is a large coral atoll of 40 islands in the Pacific Ocean and with it ..., Marshall Islands References * Turner H. 2001. ''Katalog der Familie Costellariidae'' Macdonald, 1860. Conchbooks. 1–100 page( ...
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Vexillum Appelii
''Vexillum appelii'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as ''Vexillum'' miters. The main family ..., the ribbed miters. Description The length of the shell attains 26.5 mm; its diameter 10 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Red Sea. References * Turner H. 2001. ''Katalog der Familie Costellariidae'' Macdonald, 1860. Conchbooks. 1-100 page(s): 17 * Gori, S.; Rosado, J.; Salisbury, R. A. (2019). Costellariidae (Gastropoda) from Dhofar, Oman with descriptions of eight new species and notes on Vexillum appelii (Jickeli, 1874). Acta Conchyliorum. 18: 25-48. External links Jickeli, C. F. (1874). Studien über die Conchylien des Rothen Meeres. I. Die Gattung Mitra Lam. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologisch ...
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Vexillum Antonellii
''Vexillum antonellii'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.which is a group of snails that are commonly known as "tulip snails". Vexillum antonellii is found in the Indo-Pacific region, from the Red Sea to the Solomon Islands. It typically inhabits coral reefs and other hard-bottom substrates at depths of 10-60 meters. Vexillum antonellii is a medium-sized snail, with shells that can reach up to 50 millimeters in length. The shell is slender and fusiform, with a long, narrow neck and a flared aperture. The shell is typically white or cream in color, with brown or reddish-brown markings. The markings can be in the form of spots, stripes, or zigzags. Vexillum antonellii is a carnivorous A carnivore , or meat-eater (Latin, ''caro'', genitive ''carnis'', meaning meat or "flesh" and ''vorare'' meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements derive from animal tissues (main ...
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Vexillum Angustissimum
''Vexillum angustissimum'' is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as ''Vexillum'' miters. The main family ..., the ribbed miters. Description The length of the shell varies between 13 mm and 17 mm. This species is remarkable for its very slender form and the punctate striae between the ribs. The folds on the columella correspond to the oblique ridges between the sulci on the cauda of the body whorl. These ridges are spotted with pale brown. Distribution This marine species occurs in the Indo-Pacific; also off Australia ( Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia) References * Cernohorsky, W.O. 1970. Systematics of the families Mitridae & Volutomitridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Bulletin of the Auckland Insti ...
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Vexillum Amentare
''Vexillum amentare'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae Costellariidae sometimes called the "ribbed miters" is a taxonomic family of minute to medium-sized predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. This family of snails is also sometimes referred to as ''Vexillum'' miters. The main family ..., the ribbed miters.MolluscaBase (2018). ''Vexillum amentare'' Huang, 2017. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=991910 on 2018-12-31Huang S.I hih-I (2017). Nine new species and one new name of the family Costellariidae from Taiwan, Japan and the Philippines (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda: Muricoidea). Visaya. 4(6): 49-70. Description The length of the shell attains 23 mm. Distribution This species occurs in Philippines. References amentare Gastropods described in 2017 {{Costellariidae-stub ...
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