Zayzafun
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Zayzafun
Zayzafun ( ar, الزيزفون, Zayzafūn), also known as Ikadah ( ar, ايكدة, Īkidah; tr, İğde), is a village in the northern Aleppo countryside, Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Located on the Queiq Plain, between Azaz and Al-Rai, the village is some north of the city of Aleppo, and just south of the border with the Turkish Province of Kilis. Administratively the village belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Kafr Ghan to the south and Hawar Kilis to the east. In the 2004 census, Zayzafun had a population of 820. History In the Syrian civil war, the Ikadah IDP Camp, located north of the village at the border to Turkey, offered shelter to internally displaced persons (IDPs), mostly from the subdistricts of Azaz, Nubl, Tell Rifaat and Mare'. In April 2016, the Ikadah camp was filled with 7,763 IDPs, when an imminent ISIL counter-offensive prompted a complete evacuation of the Ikadah camp and neighboring camps near Shamarin an ...
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Nahiya Sawran, Aleppo Governorate
Sawran Subdistrict ( ar-at, ناحية صوران, nāḥiyah Sawran) is a subdistrict of Azaz District in northwestern Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria, on the border with Turkey. The administrative centre is the town of Sawran. Neighbouring subdistricts are Azaz Subdistrict to the west, Akhtarin to the east and Mare' to the south. To the north is the Kilis Province Kilis Province ( tr, Kilis ili) is a province in southern Turkey, on the border with Syria. It used to be the southern part of the province of Gaziantep and was formed in 1994. The town of Kilis is home to around 67% of the inhabitants of the pr ... of Turkey. At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 30,032. Cities, towns and villages References Azaz District Sawran {{AleppoSY-geo-stub ...
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Hawar Kilis
Hawar Kilis ( ar, حوار كلس, Ḥiwār Kalas, tr, Havar Kilis or ), alternatively spelled Hiwar Kalas, is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. It is located between Azaz and Al-Rai, on the Queiq Plain, some north of the city of Aleppo, and just south of the border with the Turkish province of Kilis. The village administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Zayzafun to the west and Baraghida to the south. Demographics In the 2004 census, Hawar Kilis had a population of 438. In late 19th century, traveler Martin Hartmann noted Hawar as a Turkish village of 10 houses, then located in the Ottoman nahiyah of Azaz-i Turkman. See also *Hawar Kilis Operations Room The Hawar Kilis Operations Room ( ar, غرفة عمليات حوار كلس, tr, Havar Kilis Operasyon Odası) is a Syrian rebel coalition formed in the village of Hawar Kilis in April 2016 in the northern Aleppo Governorate on the Syria–Turk . ...
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List Of Sovereign States
The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty. The 206 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 UN member states, 2 UN General Assembly non-member observer states, and 11 other states. The ''sovereignty dispute'' column indicates states having undisputed sovereignty (188 states, of which there are 187 UN member states and 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state), states having disputed sovereignty (16 states, of which there are 6 UN member states, 1 UN General Assembly non-member observer state, and 9 de facto states), and states having a special political status (2 states, both in free association with New Zealand). Compiling a list such as this can be a complicated and controversial process, as there is no definition that is binding on all the members of the community of nations concerni ...
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Nahiya Azaz
Azaz Subdistrict ( ar, ناحية مركز أعزاز, Nāḥiyah A‘zāz) is a subdistrict of Azaz District in northwestern Aleppo Governorate of northern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of Azaz. Neighbouring subdistricts are Sawran to the east, Tell Rifaat to the south, and the subdistricts Afrin and Bulbul of Afrin District to the west or southwest, respectively. To the north is the Kilis Province of Turkey. At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 47,570. Cities, towns and villages References {{coord missing, Syria Azaz District Azaz Azaz ( ar, أَعْزَاز, ʾAʿzāz) is a city in northwest Syria, roughly north-northwest of Aleppo. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Azaz had a population of 31,623 in the 2004 census.
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Nahiyah
A nāḥiyah ( ar, , plural ''nawāḥī'' ), also nahiya or nahia, is a regional or local type of administrative division that usually consists of a number of villages or sometimes smaller towns. In Tajikistan, it is a second-level division while in Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, Xinjiang, and the former Ottoman Empire, where it was also called a '' bucak'', it is a third-level or lower division. It can constitute a division of a ''qadaa'', ''mintaqah'' or other such district-type of division and is sometimes translated as " subdistrict". Ottoman Empire The nahiye ( ota, ناحیه) was an administrative territorial entity of the Ottoman Empire, smaller than a . The head was a (governor) who was appointed by the Pasha. The was a subdivision of a Selçuk Akşin Somel. "Kazâ". ''The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire''. Volume 152 of A to Z Guides. Rowman & Littlefield, 2010. p. 151. and corresponded roughly to a city with its surrounding villages. s, in turn, were divided into ...
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Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies. In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.Hartmann, Martin
in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 7 (1966), S. 745 f.
As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "''

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Syrian Turkmen
Syrian Turkmen, also referred to as Syrian Turkomans, Turkish Syrians, or simply Syrian Turks or Turks of Syria, ( ar, تركمان سوريا; tr, Suriye Türkmenleri or ) are Syrian citizens of Turkish people, Turkish origin who mainly trace their roots to Anatolia (i.e. modern Turkey). Turkish language, Turkish-speaking Syrian Turkmen make up the third largest ethnic group in the country, after the Arabs and Kurds respectively. The majority of Syrian Turkmen are the descendants of migrants who arrived in Syria during Ottoman Empire, Ottoman rule (1516–1918);. however, there are also many Syrian Turkmen who are the descendants of earlier Turkish settlers that arrived during the Seljuk Empire, Seljuk (1037–1194) and Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo), Mamluk (1250–1517) periods. Some estimates indicate that if Arabization, Arabized Turkmen (i.e. those who no longer speak their main language) are taken into account, then they form the second largest group in the country.. The major ...
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Dudyan
Dudiyan ( ar, دوديان, Dūdīyān; tr, Düden) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. About northeast of the city of Aleppo and just south of Syria's border with Turkey, it is administratively part of Nahiya Akhtarin of Azaz District. Nearby localities include Baraghida to the west and Tat Hims to the east. In the 2004 census, Dudiyan had a population of 1,164. The village is inhabited by Turkmen Turkmen, Türkmen, Turkoman, or Turkman may refer to: Peoples Historical ethnonym * Turkoman (ethnonym), ethnonym used for the Oghuz Turks during the Middle Ages Ethnic groups * Turkmen in Anatolia and the Levant (Seljuk and Ottoman-Turkish desc .... Traveler Martin Hartmann noted the village as a Turkmen village in late 19th century. References {{AleppoSY-geo-stub Populated places in Azaz District Turkmen settlements in Aleppo Governorate ...
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Baraghida
Baraghida ( ar, براغيدة, Barāghīdah) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Located halfway between Azaz and al-Rai, some north of the city of Aleppo and south of the border to the Turkish province of Kilis. The village administratively belongs to Nahiya Sawran in Azaz District. Nearby localities include to the west, Dudiyan to the east and Sawran to the south. Demographics In the 2004 census, Baraghida had a population of 995. The village is inhabited by Turkmen. In late 19th century, traveler Martin Hartmann noted Baraghida as a Turkish village of 10 houses, then located in the Ottoman nahiyah A nāḥiyah ( ar, , plural ''nawāḥī'' ), also nahiya or nahia, is a regional or local type of administrative division that usually consists of a number of villages or sometimes smaller towns. In Tajikistan, it is a second-level division w ... of Azaz-i Turkman. References {{Aleppo Governorate, azaz Populated places in Azaz Distric ...
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Shamarin
Shamarin ( ar, شمارين, tr, Şemmerin) is a Turkmen village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. It is located on the Queiq Plain, northeast of Azaz, some north of the city of Aleppo, and less than south of the border with the Turkish province of Kilis. The village administratively belongs to Nahiya Azaz in Azaz District. Nearby localities include Shamarikh to the south and Tulayl ash-Sham Tulayl ash-Sham ( ar, تليل الشام) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. It is located on the Queiq Plain, northeast of Azaz, north of the city of Aleppo, and less than east of the border with the Turkish pro ... to the southwest. In the 2004 census, Shamarin had a population of 506. References {{Aleppo Governorate, azaz Populated places in Aleppo Governorate Turkmen communities in Syria ...
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Northern Aleppo Offensive (March–June 2016)
The Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016) was a series of military operations launched by Syrian opposition forces against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and vice versa in the northern Aleppo Governorate, near the Syria–Turkey border, the city of Azaz and the town of Mare'. The offensive is supported by airstrikes against ISIL conducted by the United States-led CJTF-OIR coalition and artillery shelling by the Turkish Armed Forces. The offensive Initial rebel gains Between 10 and 14 March, rebel forces seized three villages, including Dudyan. On 17 March, ISIL recaptured Dudyan, but lost it again the next day. On 19 March 2016, rebel forces captured two villages (Toqli and Mregel), north of Aleppo, from ISIL. The following day, Ahrar ash-Sham and the Sultan Murad Brigade exchanged artillery and mortar fire with ISIL. At the end of the battle, ISIL recaptured the villages of Toqli and Mregel after inflicting heavy casualties on the rebels. The two sides also ...
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