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Z Force (Bangladesh)
Z Force, also known as Tura Brigade, was the first military brigade of Bangladesh Forces formed during the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971 under Major Ziaur Rahman along with the consent of the revolutionary government of Bangladesh in exile. The brigade was formed with the 1st, 3rd and 8th Battalion of East Bengal Regiment on 7 July 1971. It is the first ever complete brigade formed during the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971. Background Bangladeshi military officers of various cantonments revolted against the Pakistani Army and started fighting against them with limited ammunition on the night of 25 March 1971 after the crackdown by Pakistani Army. But soon the military officers of Bangladesh Forces realised that such non-planned attack or resistance will not be able to create huge casualties of the foes. So they decided to form some sectors from which they can fight properly. The guerrillas sent from the India during May–June to various sectors were ill-equipped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provisional Government Of Bangladesh
The Provisional Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, popularly known as the Mujibnagar Government, was established following the Bangladeshi Declaration of Independence, declaration of independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh on 10 April 1971. Headed by prime minister Tajuddin Ahmad, it was the supreme leadership of the Bangladesh Liberation War, Bangladeshi liberation movement, comprising a cabinet of Bangladesh, cabinet, a diplomatic corps, an Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh, assembly, an Mukti Bahini, armed force, and a Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra, radio service. As after the 1970 Pakistani general election, 1970 general election the military junta of Pakistan denied to hand over power to the elected legislators and Pakistan Army Operation Searchlight, cracked down on the East Pakistani population, the elected political leadership of East Pakistan declared independence and founded the provisional government with the support of the Government of India. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wakar Hasan
Wakar Hasan, Bir Protik was a Bangladesh Army Major and a member of the Mukti Bahini in the Bangladesh Liberation War. For his courage in the war of liberation, the Government of Bangladesh gave him the title of Bir Protik. Early life, family and education Wakar Hasan was born in Dhaka. His father's name is AHM Habibul Islam and mother's name is Shamsun Nahar. His wife's name is Mahmuda Akhter. The couple have two daughters and one son. In 1971 Wakar Hasan was the first year student of Rajshahi Engineering College. Working life When the Bangladesh liberation war started in 1971, Hasan fled to Dhaka to India. At the time of primary training in a camp there, he joined the first Bangladesh Commander Officers Warfare. After the training, he was included in the Z-Force's first Bengal Regiment. He fought in Sreemangal, Patrakhola, Hosnabad, Chargram, MC College and other places in greater Sylhet district. Role of the liberation war Kainighat area of Sylhet District was a strong b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hodder And Stoughton
Hodder & Stoughton is a British publishing house, now an imprint of Hachette. History Early history The firm has its origins in the 1840s, with Matthew Hodder's employment, aged 14, with Messrs Jackson and Walford, the official publisher for the Congregational Union. In 1861 the firm became Jackson, Walford and Hodder; but in 1868 Jackson and Walford retired, and Thomas Wilberforce Stoughton joined the firm, creating Hodder & Stoughton. Hodder & Stoughton published both religious and secular works, and its religious list contained some progressive titles. These included George Adam Smith's ''Isaiah'' for its ''Expositor’s Bible'' series, which was one of the earliest texts to identify multiple authorship in the Book of Isaiah. There was also a sympathetic ''Life of St Francis'' by Paul Sabatier, a French Protestant pastor. Matthew Hodder made frequent visits to North America, meeting with the Moody Press and making links with Scribners and Fleming H. Revell. The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
K Force (Bangladesh)
K Force was a military brigade of Bangladesh Forces in 1971 headed by Major Khaled Mosharraf as per the direction of the Provisional Government of Bangladesh in exile. The brigade was a part of regular army under the Bangladesh Armed Forces formed with the 4th, 9th and 10th Battalion of East Bengal Regiment. Background The Bengali people, Bengali military officers of Pakistan Army hailed from the then East Pakistan joined hands with the liberation movement of Bangladesh and revolted against the Pakistan Army after the Operation Searchlight took place on the night of 25 March 1971. Major Khaled Mosharraf, an officer of the 4th East Bengal Regiment who was sent off by the military officials of Pakistan Army from Comilla Cantonment to Sylhet on 24 March, revolted against Pakistan Army on 26 March with his unit. Mosharraf was later selected as the Sector Commander of Sector-2 during Bangladesh Liberation War as a showed tremendous courage. He was later asked to form a brigade as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S Force (Bangladesh)
S Force was a military brigade of the Bangladesh Armed Forces that was formed under the leadership of Major K M Shafiullah on October 1, 1971. The brigade was composed of the 2nd and 11th East Bengal Regiments. Background On March 25, 1971, the Pakistan Army cracked down on the Bengali population of what was then East Pakistan. They massacred the capital of the East Pakistan that so enraged the Bengali military officials of the Pakistan Army they revolted and joined the Bangladesh Liberation War. The officers of the 2nd East Bengal Regiment, situated in the Joydevpur Cantonment adjacent to the capital Dhaka, also revolted with other regiments and left the cantonment on March 28, under the leadership of K M Shafiullah. Major Shafiuallah was initially selected as the sector 3 commander. At the end of June, considering the need of regular brigades to intensify the war against the Pakistan Army, the Provisional Government of Bangladesh decided to form three brigades under the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurigram
Kurigram District ( bn, কুড়িগ্রাম) is a district of Bangladesh in the Rangpur Division. The district is located in northern Bangladesh along the country's border with India. Under Indian rule, the area was organized as a mahakuma and was not established as a district until 1984. Etymology The name "Kurigram" is derived from the words ''Kuri'' and ''Gram''. ''Kuri'' means "twenty" and ''Gram'' means "village" in Kol, a Munda language formerly spoken in the district. History The region has historically been viewed as a part of Gaurabardhan (today Mahasthangarh) or Kamrup (today Assam). When the Kamrup kingdom was divided into many small kingdoms, the northern half of the Kurigram area was controlled by the new polity Cooch Behar, while the southern half became a part of the Uari kingdom. At the beginning of the 12th century, the Khen dynasty emerged as a power in the area of Kurigram, led by such kings as Chakradhwaj and Nilambor. The capital of this new dyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan Army
The Pakistan Army (, ) is the Army, land service branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces. The roots of its modern existence trace back to the British Indian Army that ceased to exist following the partition of India, Partition of British India, which occurred as a result of the Indian Independence Act 1947, 1947 Indian Independence Act of the United Kingdom. According to statistics provided by the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) in 2021, the Pakistan Army has approximately 560,000 active duty, active-duty personnel, supported by the #Combat maneuvering organizations, Army Reserve and National Guard of Pakistan, National Guard. Pakistani citizens can enlist for voluntary military service upon reaching 16 years of age, but cannot be deployed for combat until the age of 18 in accordance with the Constitution of Pakistan. The primary objective and constitutional mission of the Pakistan Army is to ensure the national security and national unity of Pakistan by defend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sherpur District
Sherpur district ( bn, শেরপুর জেলা, ''Sherpur Jela'' also ''Sherpur Zila'') is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of Mymensingh Division. Sherpur district was a sub-division of Jamalpur District before 1984. It was upgraded to a district on February 22, 1984. Sherpur City is located about north of Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh. Etymology The name "Sherpur" can't be found in ancient history. During the rules of emperor Akbar, this area was called "Dash Kahonia Baju". The previous name of Brahmaputra river in this area was "Louhitto Sagar" which was situated in a vast area from the south border of Sherpur municipality to Jamalpur Ghat. The people of this area had to pay 10 kahon coins to the leaseholders as an annual tax for travelling in the river. "Dash" means ten and "Kahon" is a unit of measure for counting which means 128 pieces. From this event, this area was called as "Dash Kahonia". During the Nawabi period in Bangla, the last landlord of G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defence Of Kamalpur
The Defence of Kamalpur was a second battle fought over Kamalpur near the border between India and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Kamalpur, a hamlet on the border, was defended by 140 regular and paramilitary Pakistani soldiers under the command of Captain Ahsan Malik. The company-sized Pakistani unit fought against a brigade of Indian soldiers and Mukti Bahini as the Indian military made several unsuccessful attempts to overrun the Pakistani positions. After defending the area for 21 days, the besieged Pakistani troops were ordered by their superiors to surrender. The defending Pakistani troops suffered hardly any casualties, despite being subjected to repeated Indian artillery bombardment and air strikes. Start of hostilities Attacks against Pakistani border outposts in the north began in July. These were mounted by Mukti Bahini, mainly former members of East Pakistan's regular forces, but failed to make any damage. Further attacks on Kam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bunker
A bunker is a defensive military fortification designed to protect people and valued materials from falling bombs, artillery, or other attacks. Bunkers are almost always underground, in contrast to blockhouses which are mostly above ground. They were used extensively in World War I, World War II, and the Cold War for weapons facilities, command and control centers, and storage facilities. Bunkers can also be used as protection from tornadoes. Trench bunkers are small concrete structures, partly dug into the ground. Many artillery installations, especially for coastal artillery, have historically been protected by extensive bunker systems. Typical industrial bunkers include mining sites, food storage areas, dumps for materials, data storage, and sometimes living quarters. When a house is purpose-built with a bunker, the normal location is a reinforced below-ground bathroom with fiber-reinforced plastic shells. Bunkers deflect the blast wave from nearby explosions to prevent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Army
The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, and its professional head is the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), who is a four-star general. Two officers have been conferred with the rank of field marshal, a five-star rank, which is a ceremonial position of great honour. The Indian Army was formed in 1895 alongside the long established presidency armies of the East India Company, which too were absorbed into it in 1903. The princely states had their own armies, which were merged into the national army after independence. The units and regiments of the Indian Army have diverse histories and have participated in several battles and campaigns around the world, earning many battle and theatre honours before and after Independence. The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure national security and national unity, to defend the nation from external aggression an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mukti Bahini
The Mukti Bahini ( bn, মুক্তিবাহিনী, translates as 'freedom fighters', or liberation army), also known as the Bangladesh Forces, was the guerrilla resistance movement consisting of the Bangladeshi military, paramilitary and civilians during the Bangladesh Liberation War, War of Liberation that transformed East Pakistan into Bangladesh in 1971. They were initially called the Mukti Fauj. On 7 March 1971 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman issued a call to the people of East Pakistan to prepare themselves for an all-out struggle. Later that evening resistance demonstrations began, and the military began a full-scale retaliation with Operation Searchlight, which continued through May 1971. A formal military leadership of the resistance was created in April 1971 under the Provisional Government of Bangladesh. The military council was headed by General M. A. G. Osmani''Unconventional Warfare in South Asia: Shadow Warriors and Counterinsurgency'', Gates and Roy, Routledge, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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