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Yu. Manin
Yuri Ivanovich Manin (russian: Ю́рий Ива́нович Ма́нин; born 16 February 1937) is a Russian mathematician, known for work in algebraic geometry and diophantine geometry, and many expository works ranging from mathematical logic to theoretical physics. Moreover, Manin was one of the first to propose the idea of a quantum computer in 1980 with his book ''Computable and Uncomputable''. Life and career Manin gained a doctorate in 1960 at the Steklov Mathematics Institute as a student of Igor Shafarevich. He is now a Professor at the Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik in Bonn, and a professor emeritus at Northwestern University. Manin's early work included papers on the arithmetic and formal groups of abelian varieties, the Mordell conjecture in the function field case, and algebraic differential equations. The Gauss–Manin connection is a basic ingredient of the study of cohomology in families of algebraic varieties. He wrote a book on cubic surfaces and cubi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Congress Of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU). The Fields Medals, the Nevanlinna Prize (to be renamed as the IMU Abacus Medal), the Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize, Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being List of International Congresses of Mathematicians Plenary and Invited Speakers, invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame". History Felix Klein and Georg Cantor are credited with putting forward the idea of an international congress of mathematicians in the 1890s.A. John Coleman"Mathematics without borders": a book review ''CMS Notes'', vol 31, no. 3, April 1999 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor Kolyvagin
Victor Alexandrovich Kolyvagin (russian: Виктор Александрович Колывагин, born 11 March, 1955) is a Russian mathematician who wrote a series of papers on Euler systems, leading to breakthroughs on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, and Iwasawa's conjecture for cyclotomic fields. His work also influenced Andrew Wiles's work on Fermat's Last Theorem. Career Kolyvagin received his Ph.D. in Mathematics in 1981 from Moscow State University, where his advisor was Yuri I. Manin. He then worked at Steklov Institute of Mathematics in Moscow until 1994. Since 1994 he has been a professor of mathematics in the United States. He was a professor at Johns Hopkins University until 2002 when he became the first person to hold the Mina Rees Chair in mathematics at the Graduate Center Faculty at The City University of New York. Awards In 1990 he received the of the USSR Academy of Sciences The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theoretical Physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experimental tools to probe these phenomena. The advancement of science generally depends on the interplay between experimental studies and theory. In some cases, theoretical physics adheres to standards of mathematical rigour while giving little weight to experiments and observations.There is some debate as to whether or not theoretical physics uses mathematics to build intuition and illustrativeness to extract physical insight (especially when normal experience fails), rather than as a tool in formalizing theories. This links to the question of it using mathematics in a less formally rigorous, and more intuitive or heuristic way than, say, mathematical physics. For example, while developing special relativity, Albert Einstein was concerned wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematical Logic
Mathematical logic is the study of logic, formal logic within mathematics. Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory. Research in mathematical logic commonly addresses the mathematical properties of formal systems of logic such as their expressive or deductive power. However, it can also include uses of logic to characterize correct mathematical reasoning or to establish foundations of mathematics. Since its inception, mathematical logic has both contributed to and been motivated by the study of foundations of mathematics. This study began in the late 19th century with the development of axiomatic frameworks for geometry, arithmetic, and Mathematical analysis, analysis. In the early 20th century it was shaped by David Hilbert's Hilbert's program, program to prove the consistency of foundational theories. Results of Kurt Gödel, Gerhard Gentzen, and others provided partial resolution to the program, and clarified the issues involved in pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Faisal International Prize
The King Faisal Prize ( ar, جائزة الملك فيصل, formerly King Faisal International Prize), is an annual award sponsored by King Faisal Foundation presented to "dedicated men and women whose contributions make a positive difference". The foundation awards prizes in five categories: Service to Islam; Islamic studies; the Arabic language and Arabic literature; science; and medicine. Three of the prizes are widely considered as the most prestigious awards in the Muslim world. The first King Faisal Prize was awarded to the Pakistani scholar Abul A'la Maududi in the year 1979 for his service to Islam. In 1981, Khalid of Saudi Arabia received the same award. In 1984, Fahd of Saudi Arabia was the recipient of the award. In 1986, this prize was co-awarded to Ahmed Deedat and French Roger Garaudy. Award process Designation of subjects Each year, the selection committees designate subjects in Islamic Studies, Arabic Literature, and Medicine. Selected topics in Islamic Studies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolyai Prize
The International János Bolyai Prize of Mathematics is an international prize founded by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The prize is named after János Bolyai and is awarded every five years to mathematicians for monographs with important new results in the preceding 10 years. Medalists * 1905 – Henri Poincaré * 1910 – David Hilbert * 2000 – Saharon Shelah for his ''Cardinal Arithmetic'', Oxford University Press, 1994. * 2005 – Mikhail Gromov for his ''Metric Structures for Riemannian and Non-Riemannian Spaces'', Birkhäuser, 1999. * 2010 – Yuri I. Manin for his ''Frobenius Manifolds, Quantum Cohomology, and Moduli Spaces'', American Mathematical Society, 1999. * 2015 – Barry Simon for his ''Orthogonal Polynomials on the Unit Circle'', American Mathematical Society, 2005. * 2020 - Terence Tao Terence Chi-Shen Tao (; born 17 July 1975) is an Australian-American mathematician. He is a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantor Medal
The Cantor medal of the Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung is named in honor of Georg Cantor, the first president of the society. It is awarded at most every second year during the yearly meetings of the society. The prize winners are mathematicians who are associated with the German language. Prize winners * 1990 Karl Stein. * 1992 Jürgen MoserThe Georg Cantor Medal of the ''Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung'' , , retrieved 5 June 2014. * 1994 |
Schock Prize
The Rolf Schock Prizes were established and endowed by bequest of philosopher and artist Rolf Schock (1933–1986). The prizes were first awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1993 and, since 2005, are awarded every three years. Each recipient currently receives SEK 400,000 (approximately US$60,000). A similar prize is the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy, established by the Inamori Foundation. It is considered the equivalent of the Nobel Prize in Philosophy. The Prizes are awarded in four categories and decided by committees of three of the Swedish Royal Academies: *Logic and Philosophy (decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences) * Mathematics (decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences) *Visual Arts (decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts) * Musical Arts (decided by the Royal Swedish Academy of Music) Laureates in Logic and Philosophy Laureates in Mathematics Laureates in Visual Arts Laureates in Musical Arts See also * Fields Medal * Kyoto Priz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nemmers Prize In Mathematics
The Frederic Esser Nemmers Prize in Mathematics is awarded biennially from Northwestern University. It was initially endowed along with a companion prize, the Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics, as part of a $14 million donation from the Nemmers brothers. They envisioned creating an award that would be as prestigious as the Nobel prize. To this end, the majority of the income earned from the endowment is returned to the principal in order to increase the size of the award. As of 2020, the award carries a $200,000 stipend and the scholar spends several weeks in residence at Northwestern University. Recipients Following recipients received this award: *1994 Yuri I. Manin *1996 Joseph B. Keller *1998 John H. Conway *2000 Edward Witten *2002 Yakov G. Sinai *2004 Mikhail Gromov *2006 Robert Langlands *2008 Simon Donaldson *2010 Terence Tao *2012 Ingrid Daubechies *2014 Michael J. Hopkins *2016 János Kollár *2018 Assaf Naor *2020 Nalini Anantharaman Nalini Anantharaman (b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diophantine Geometry
In mathematics, Diophantine geometry is the study of Diophantine equations by means of powerful methods in algebraic geometry. By the 20th century it became clear for some mathematicians that methods of algebraic geometry are ideal tools to study these equations. Four theorems in Diophantine geometry which are of fundamental importance include: * Mordell–Weil Theorem * Roth's Theorem * Siegel's Theorem * Faltings's Theorem Background Serge Lang published a book ''Diophantine Geometry'' in the area in 1962, and by this book he coined the term "Diophantine Geometry". The traditional arrangement of material on Diophantine equations was by degree and number of variables, as in Mordell's ''Diophantine Equations'' (1969). Mordell's book starts with a remark on homogeneous equations ''f'' = 0 over the rational field, attributed to C. F. Gauss, that non-zero solutions in integers (even primitive lattice points) exist if non-zero rational solutions do, and notes a caveat of L. E. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algebraic Geometry
Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics, classically studying zeros of multivariate polynomials. Modern algebraic geometry is based on the use of abstract algebraic techniques, mainly from commutative algebra, for solving geometrical problems about these sets of zeros. The fundamental objects of study in algebraic geometry are algebraic varieties, which are geometric manifestations of solutions of systems of polynomial equations. Examples of the most studied classes of algebraic varieties are: plane algebraic curves, which include lines, circles, parabolas, ellipses, hyperbolas, cubic curves like elliptic curves, and quartic curves like lemniscates and Cassini ovals. A point of the plane belongs to an algebraic curve if its coordinates satisfy a given polynomial equation. Basic questions involve the study of the points of special interest like the singular points, the inflection points and the points at infinity. More advanced questions involve the topology of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Tschinkel
Yuri Tschinkel (Юрий Чинкель, born 31 May 1964 in Moscow) is a Russian-German-American mathematician, specializing in algebraic geometry, automorphic forms and number theory. Education and career Tschinkel attended from 1979, the Erweiterte Oberschule Heinrich-Hertz-Gymnasium in East Berlin and passed there in 1983 the Abitur. He graduated with honors from Lomonosov Moscow State University in 1990 and received his doctorate in 1992 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with thesis '' Rational points on algebraic surfaces'' under the supervision of Yuri Manin and Michael Artin. From 1992 to 1995 Tschinkel was a junior fellow at Harvard University. In 1995 he became an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) and from 1999 to 2003 he was an associate professor there. From 2003 to 2008 he was a professor at the University of Göttingen. He has been a professor at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
