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Yollıg Khagan
Yollıg Khagan (Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰆𐰞𐰞𐰃𐰍:𐱅𐰃𐰏𐰤 Pronunciation: Yollıg Tigin, , personal name: ; 734–739?) was the fifth ruler of the Second Turkic Khaganate. He was Bilge Khagan's son. Besides being author of Orkhon Inscriptions The Orkhon inscriptions (also known as the Orhon inscriptions, Orhun inscriptions, Khöshöö Tsaidam monuments (also spelled ''Khoshoo Tsaidam'', ''Koshu-Tsaidam'' or ''Höshöö Caidam''), or Kul Tigin steles ( zh, t=闕特勤碑, s=阙特勤 ..., nothing much is known about him. His wife Yusaifu left for Tang after 744. References Göktürk rulers Ashina house of the Turkic Empire 8th-century Turkic people Tengrist monarchs {{CAsia-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Turkic Khaganate
The Second Turkic Khaganate ( otk, 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰰:𐰃𐰠, Türük el, State of the Turks, , known as ''Turk Bilge Qaghan country'' ( otk, 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰝:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰃𐰠𐰭𐰀, Türük Bilgä Qaγan eli) in Bain Tsokto inscriptions. 682–744), was a khaganate in Central and Eastern Asia founded by Ashina clan of the Göktürks. It was preceded by the Eastern Turkic Khaganate (552-630) and then a period of Tang dynasty rule (630-682). The Second Khaganate was centered on Ötüken in the upper reaches of the Orkhon River. It was succeeded by its subject Toquz Oghuz confederation, which became the Uyghur Khaganate. Outline After the fall of Eastern Turkic Khaganate in 679, Ashina Nishufu was declared qaghan and revolted against the Tang dynasty.Sima Guang, ''Zizhi Tongjian'', Vol. 202 In 680, he was defeated by Pei Xingjian. Shortly afterwards, Nishufu was killed by his men. Following Nishufu's death, Ashina Funian, another scion of the roya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilge Qaghan
Bilge Qaghan ( otk, 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰴𐰍𐰣, Bilgä Qaγan; ; 683 – 25 November 734) was the fourth Qaghan of the Second Turkic Khaganate. His accomplishments were described in the Orkhon inscriptions. Names As was the custom, his personal name and the name after assuming the title Qaghan were different. His personal name was recorded in Chinese characters as (). His name after assuming the title was ''Bilgä Qaγan''. ( otk, 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀 𐰴𐰍𐰣, Bilgä Qaγan, ). Early years He was born in 683, in the early years of the khaganate. He campaigned alongside his father from early childhood. He was created as Tardush shad and given command over the western wing of the empire in 697 by Qapaghan. He managed to annihilate Wei Yuanzhong's army in 701 with his brother. He also reconquered Basmyl tribes in 703. He also subdued Yenisei Kyrgyz forces in 709, after their disobedience had to reconquer and kill their Qaghan in 710. He killed Türgesh khagan Suo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tengri Qaghan
Tengri Qaghan (Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐰴𐰍𐰣) (734 or 739 or 740 – 741) was the sixth ruler of the Second Turkic Khaganate. Background He was the second son of the fourth ruler, Bilge Khagan, and was preceded by his elder brother Yollig Khagan. Tengri was a minor and dominated by his mother Po Beg. Reign In 740, Xuanzong sent his envoy Li Zhi (李質) who declared him Tengri Khagan. His mother El Bilge Khatun and chancellor Yusi Tarkhan (飫斯達幹) conspired together to centralize the state and kill the cousins who were ruling as governors in the west and the east. While they succeeded killing the western shad, the eastern shad Pan Kul Tigin rebelled and marched on the capital. He captured Tengri and executed him, causing his mother and regent El Bilge Khatun to flee. After death Pan Kul Tigin crowned another brother of Tengri in 741 and himself as regent. However, he was soon defeated by rebelling Basmyl chief Ashina Shi (阿史那施), another rebel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashina Tribe
The Ashina (; Middle Chinese: (Guangyun) ), were a Turkic speaking tribe and the ruling dynasty of the Göktürks. This clan rose to prominence in the mid-6th century when the leader, Bumin Qaghan, revolted against the Rouran Khaganate. The two main branches of the family, one descended from Bumin and the other from his brother Istämi, ruled over the eastern and western parts of the Göktürks, Göktürk confederation, respectively. Origin Primary Chinese sources ascribed different origins to the Ashina tribe. Ashina were first attested to 439, as reported by the ''Book of Sui'': on the 18th day of the 10th month, the Tuoba ruler Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei overthrew Juqu Mujian of the Northern Liang in eastern Gansu,Wei Zheng et al., ''Book of Sui'', :zh:t:隋書/卷84, Vol. 84. and 500 Ashina families fled northwest to the Rouran Khaganate near Gaochang. According to the ''Book of Zhou'', ''History of the Northern Dynasties'', and New Book of Tang, the Ashina clan was a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Po Beg
Po or PO may refer to: Arts and entertainment Fictional characters * Po (Kung Fu Panda), the protagonist of the ''Kung Fu Panda'' franchise * Po, one of the titular ''Teletubbies'' * Po, a character in the novel ''Graceling'' by Kristin Cashore Music * Po (instrument), a percussion instrument * Pocket Operator, a series of drum machines and synthesizers by Teenage Engineering * Po!, a British musical group * P.O., short for '' Pretty. Odd.'', an album by Panic! At the disco Economics * Purchase order, a document issued from a buyer to a seller * Postal order, a financial instrument for sending money by mail * Pareto optimality, a concept in economics * Principal Only, a type of collateralized mortgage obligation * Product owner, a popular role in Agile development methodology Businesses and organisations * ''Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans'', a defunct French railway company, and one of the principal components of the SNCF * Petrol Ofisi, a petroleum distributi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tengrism
Tengrism (also known as Tengriism, Tengerism, or Tengrianism) is an ethnic and old state Turkic peoples, Turko-Mongolic peoples, Mongolic religion originating in the Eurasian Steppe, Eurasian steppes, based on folk shamanism, animism and generally centered around the titular sky god Tengri. Tengri was not considered a deity in the usual sense, but a personification of the universe. The purpose of life is, according to the Tengris view, to live in harmony with the universe. It was the prevailing religion of the Turks, Mongols, Bulgars, Xiongnu, Huns and possibly the Hungarians, and the state religion of several medieval states: First Turkic Khaganate, Western Turkic Khaganate, Eastern Turkic Khaganate, Old Great Bulgaria, First Bulgarian Empire, Volga Bulgaria, and Khazaria, Eastern Tourkia (Khazaria), Mongol Empire. In ''Irk Bitig'', a ninth century manuscript on divination, Tengri is mentioned as (God of Turks). According to many academics, Tengrism was a predominantly polyth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orkhon Turkic Language
Orkhon Turkic (also Göktürk) is the language used in the oldest known written Turkic texts. It is the first stage of Old Turkic, preceding Old Uyghur. It is generally used for the language in which the Orkhon and Yenisei inscriptions are written. Vocabulary Most of the vocabulary includes words of Turkic origin in Orkhon Turkic. In addition, a few words used are based on origin languages such as Sogdian and Chinese. Mehmet Ölmez claims that about 20% of the vocabulary in Orkhon Turkic comes from neighboring cultures. The borrowed words of the Orkhon Turkic period include Chinese, Sogdian, Mongolian, and Tibetan loanwords, although primarily Chinese. In the period of Old Uyghur Turkic that will come right after, Sogdian loanwords increase exponentially. The main reason for the increase of Sogdian influence is that the Uyghurs accepted the Mani religion. In this context, we can say that Orkhon Turkic has a vocabulary that is less influenced by Sogdian and more heavily in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilge Khagan
Bilge Qaghan ( otk, 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰴𐰍𐰣, Bilgä Qaγan; ; 683 – 25 November 734) was the fourth Qaghan of the Second Turkic Khaganate. His accomplishments were described in the Orkhon inscriptions. Names As was the custom, his personal name and the name after assuming the title Qaghan were different. His personal name was recorded in Chinese characters as (). His name after assuming the title was ''Bilgä Qaγan''. ( otk, 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀 𐰴𐰍𐰣, Bilgä Qaγan, ). Early years He was born in 683, in the early years of the khaganate. He campaigned alongside his father from early childhood. He was created as Tardush shad and given command over the western wing of the empire in 697 by Qapaghan. He managed to annihilate Wei Yuanzhong's army in 701 with his brother. He also reconquered Basmyl tribes in 703. He also subdued Yenisei Kyrgyz forces in 709, after their disobedience had to reconquer and kill their Qaghan in 710. He killed Türgesh khagan Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orkhon Inscriptions
The Orkhon inscriptions (also known as the Orhon inscriptions, Orhun inscriptions, Khöshöö Tsaidam monuments (also spelled ''Khoshoo Tsaidam'', ''Koshu-Tsaidam'' or ''Höshöö Caidam''), or Kul Tigin steles ( zh, t=闕特勤碑, s=阙特勤碑, p=Què tèqín bēi) are two memorial installations erected by the Göktürks written in the Old Turkic alphabet in the early 8th century in the Orkhon Valley in what is modern-day Mongolia. They were erected in honor of two Turkic princes, Kul Tigin and his brother Bilge Khagan. The inscriptions, in both Chinese and Old Turkic, relate the legendary origins of the Turks, the golden age of their history, their subjugation by the Tang dynasty, and their liberation by Ilterish Qaghan. According to one source, the inscriptions contain "rhythmic and parallelistic passages" which resemble that of epics. Discovery and translation The inscriptions were discovered by Nikolay Yadrintsev's expedition in 1889, published by Vasily Radlov. The ori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
