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Yogacintamani
The ''Yogacintamani'' is an early 17th-century hatha yoga text, covering the eight auxiliaries of yoga. The asana section in all the manuscripts describes 34 asanas, while variations in some manuscripts add another 84, mentioning most of the non-standing asanas used in modern postural yoga. Text The ''Yogacintamani'' (, IAST:) is an early 17th-century hatha yoga text, its eight sections covering the eight auxiliaries of yoga., which cites The text quotes the ''Hatha Yoga Pradipika'' extensively. The text is known from multiple manuscripts. The asana section in all the manuscripts of the ''Yogacintamani'' describes 34 asanas including kukkutasana, mayurasana, and siddhasana, while variations in some manuscripts add another 84, mentioning most of the non-standing asanas used in modern postural yoga, including forward bends like paschimottanasana, backbends such as ustrasana, twists like matsyendrasana, and arm balances like kukkutasana. Kukkutasana is described in the sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogacintāmaṇi Folio 62v
The ''Yogacintamani'' is an early 17th-century hatha yoga text, covering the eight auxiliaries of yoga. The asana section in all the manuscripts describes 34 asanas, while variations in some manuscripts add another 84, mentioning most of the non-standing asanas used in modern postural yoga. Text The ''Yogacintamani'' (, IAST:) is an early 17th-century hatha yoga text, its eight sections covering the eight auxiliaries of yoga., which cites The text quotes the ''Hatha Yoga Pradipika'' extensively. The text is known from multiple manuscripts. The asana section in all the manuscripts of the ''Yogacintamani'' describes 34 asanas including kukkutasana, mayurasana, and siddhasana, while variations in some manuscripts add another 84, mentioning most of the non-standing asanas used in modern postural yoga, including forward bends like paschimottanasana, backbends such as ustrasana, twists like matsyendrasana, and arm balances like kukkutasana. Kukkutasana is described in the sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hatha Yoga
Haṭha yoga is a branch of yoga which uses physical techniques to try to preserve and channel the vital force or energy. The Sanskrit word हठ ''haṭha'' literally means "force", alluding to a system of physical techniques. Some haṭha yoga style techniques can be traced back at least to the 1st-century CE, in texts such as the Hindu Sanskrit epics and Buddhism's Pali canon. The oldest dated text so far found to describe haṭha yoga, the 11th-century ''Amṛtasiddhi'', comes from a tantric Buddhist milieu. The oldest texts to use the terminology of ''hatha'' are also Vajrayana Buddhist. Hindu hatha yoga texts appear from the 11th century onwards. Some of the early haṭha yoga texts (11th-13th c.) describe methods to raise and conserve bindu (vital force, that is, semen, and in women ''rajas –'' menstrual fluid). This was seen as the physical essence of life that was constantly dripping down from the head and being lost. Two early Haṭha yoga techniques sought to e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jason Birch
Jason Birch is a scholar of medieval hatha yoga and a founding member of SOAS's Centre for Yoga Studies. Biography Jason Birch gained his bachelor's degree in Sanskrit and Hindi at the University of Sydney. He won a Clarendon Scholarship to attend Balliol College, Oxford to study the ''Amanaska'', the earliest rāja yoga text, under Alexis Sanderson. He completed his DPhil there in 2013. In 2014 he joined the Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies as a research fellow. From 2015 he took part in the five-year Haṭha Yoga Project at SOAS University of London, where he has been translating and editing Sanskrit texts on haṭha yoga Haṭha yoga is a branch of yoga which uses physical techniques to try to preserve and channel the vital force or energy. The Sanskrit word हठ ''haṭha'' literally means "force", alluding to a system of physical techniques. Some haṭha ... and rāja yoga. He is a founding member of SOAS's Centre for Yoga Studies. His partner is the yoga scholar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Śaiva
Shaivism (; sa, शैवसम्प्रदायः, Śaivasampradāyaḥ) is one of the major Hindu traditions, which worships Shiva as the Supreme Being. One of the largest Hindu denominations, it incorporates many sub-traditions ranging from devotional dualistic theism such as Shaiva Siddhanta to yoga-orientated monistic non-theism such as Kashmiri Shaivism.Ganesh Tagare (2002), The Pratyabhijñā Philosophy, Motilal Banarsidass, , pages 16–19 It considers both the Vedas and the Agama texts as important sources of theology.Mariasusai Dhavamony (1999), Hindu Spirituality, Gregorian University and Biblical Press, , pages 31–34 with footnotesMark Dyczkowski (1989), The Canon of the Śaivāgama, Motilal Banarsidass, , pages 43–44 Shaivism developed as an amalgam of pre-Vedic religions and traditions derived from the southern Tamil Shaiva Siddhanta traditions and philosophies, which were assimilated in the non-Vedic Shiva-tradition. In the process of Sanskritisation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nadi (yoga)
( sa, नाडी, lit=tube, pipe, nerve, blood vessel, pulse) is a term for the channels through which, in traditional Indian medicine and spiritual theory, the energies such as prana of the physical body, the subtle body and the causal body are said to flow. Within this philosophical framework, the nadis are said to connect at special points of intensity, the chakras. All nadis are said to originate from one of two centres; the heart and the ''kanda'', the latter being an egg-shaped bulb in the pelvic area, just below the navel. The three principal nadis run from the base of the spine to the head, and are the ida on the left, the sushumna in the centre, and the pingala on the right. Ultimately the goal is to unblock these nadis to bring liberation. Overview Nadi is an important concept in Hindu philosophy, mentioned and described in the sources, some as much as 3,000 years old. The number of nadis of the human body is claimed to be up to hundreds-of-thousands and even mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasishtha Samhita
The ''Vasishtha Samhita'' (Sanskrit: वासिष्ठसंहिता, ''Vāsiṣṭha Saṁhitā'', Vasishtha's Collection) is a 13th century medieval Vaishnavite text, one of the first to describe non-seated hatha yoga asanas including the arm-balancing Kukkutasana, Cockerel Pose. It makes use of the 10th century '' Vimanarcanakalpa'', whose verse it paraphrases in prose to describe what may be the first non-seated asana, the arm-balancing Mayurasana, Peacock Pose. These descriptions in turn were exploited by the 15th century ''Hatha Yoga Pradipika''. The Vasishtha Samhita shares many verses with the Yoga Yajnavalkya, some of which originate in the earlier Padma Samhita. The text, ascribed to the earlier sage Vasishtha, was compiled by an unknown author of the Vaishnavite Shakta sect. Its 45 chapters cover peace, name-chanting, offerings, sacrifices, astrology Astrology is a range of Divination, divinatory practices, recognized as pseudoscientific since the 18t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matsyendrasana
Matsyendrasana ( sa, मत्स्येन्द्रासन; IAST: ''Matsyendrāsana''), Matsyendra's Pose or Lord of the Fishes Pose, is a seated twisting asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise. The full form is the difficult Paripurna Matsyendrasana. A common and easier variant is Ardha Matsyendrasana. The asana has many variations, and in its half form is one of the twelve basic asanas in many systems of hatha yoga. Etymology and origins The name comes from the Sanskrit words परिपूर्ण ''Paripurna'', perfected; मत्स्येन्द् '' Matsyendra'', one of the founders of hatha yoga, whose name in turn means "lord of the fishes"; and आसन '' asana'', posture or seat; अर्ध ''ardha'' means half. The asana is medieval, described in the 15th century ''Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā'' 1.26-7, which states that it destroys many diseases, and the 17th century '' Gheraṇḍa Saṃhitā'' 2.22-23. Yogi Ghamande chose the asana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ustrasana
Ustrasana ( sa, उष्ट्रासन; IAST: ''Uṣṭrāsana''), Ushtrasana, or Camel Pose is a kneeling back-bending asana in modern yoga as exercise. Etymology and origins The name comes from the Sanskrit words उष्ट्र Uṣṭra, "camel", and आसन, Asana meaning "posture" or "seat". A different (standing) pose is given the name Ushtrasana in the 19th century ''Sritattvanidhi''. The modern pose is described in the 20th century by two of Krishnamacharya's pupils, Pattabhi Jois in his Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga, and B. K. S. Iyengar in his '' Light on Yoga''. Description Ustrasana is a deep backward bend from a kneeling position; the completed pose has the hands on the heels. The backs of the feet may be flat on the floor, or the toes may be tucked under for a slightly less strong backbend. The pose is one of the 26 asanas in the Bikram Yoga sequence. Variations The name Ardha Ustrasana, Half Camel pose, is given to two different poses. One is an eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siddhasana
Siddhasana ( sa, सिद्धासन; ) or Accomplished Pose, is an ancient seated asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise suitable for meditation. The names Muktasana (Sanskrit: मुक्तासन, Liberated Pose) and Burmese position are sometimes given to the same pose, sometimes to an easier variant, Ardha Siddhasana. Svastikasana has each foot tucked as snugly as possible into the fold of the opposite knee. Siddhasana is one of the oldest asanas. It is described as a meditation seat in the early Hatha Yoga text, the 10th century '' Goraksha Sataka''. This states that Siddhasana ranks alongside Padmasana (lotus position) as the most important of the asanas, opening the way to liberation. The 15th-century ''Hatha Yoga Pradipika'' similarly suggests that all other asanas are unnecessary once Siddhasana has been mastered. Etymology The name comes from the Sanskrit words ''siddha'' (सिद्ध) meaning both "perfect" and "adept", and ''asana'' (आस ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paschimottanasana
Pashchimottanasana ( sa, पश्चिमोत्तानासन, translit=paścimottānāsana), Seated Forward Bend, or Intense Dorsal Stretch is a seated forward-bending asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise. Janusirsasana is a variant with one knee bent out to the side; Upavishthakonasana has the legs straight and wide apart. Etymology and origins The name Paschimottanasana comes from the Sanskrit words ''paschima'' (पश्चिम, paścima) meaning "west" or "the back of the body"; ''uttana'' (उत्तान, uttāna) meaning "intense stretch" or "straight" or "extended"; and ''asana'' (आसन, āsana) meaning "posture" or "seat". The pose is described in the 15th-century ''Hatha Yoga Pradipika'', chapter 1, verses 28-29. The name Dandasana ( sa, दण्डासन; IAST: ''daṇḍāsana'') is from Sanskrit दण्ड ''daṇḍa'' meaning "stick" or "staff". The pose is not found in the medieval hatha yoga texts. The 19th century ''Sritat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayurasana
Mayūrāsana ( sa, मयूरासन) or Peacock pose is a hand-balancing asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise with the body held horizontal over the hands. It is one of the oldest non-seated asanas. Etymology and origins The name comes from the Sanskrit words ''mayūra'' (मयूर) meaning "peacock" and ''āsana'' (आसन) meaning "posture". Mayurasana is one of the oldest non-seated asanas used in hatha yoga; it is first described in the 10th century '' Vimānārcanākalpa''. The '' Vāsiṣṭha Saṁhitā'' 1.76-7 states that it destroys all sins. Description In this asana the body is raised like a horizontal stick holding the floor with both palms while the body is supported by the elbows. Variations Hamsasana (Swan Pose) is identical to Mayurasana except that the hands are placed with the fingers pointing forwards. Padma Mayurasana (Lotus in Peacock Pose) has the legs crossed as in Lotus Position. See also * List of asanas * Planche (exer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kukkutasana
Kukkutasana ( sa, कुक्कुटासन; IAST: ''Kukkuṭāsana''), Cockerel Pose, or Rooster Posture is an arm-balancing asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise, derived from the seated Padmasana, lotus position. It is one of the oldest non-seated asanas. Similar hand-balancing poses known from the 20th century include Pendant Pose or Lolasana, and Scale Pose or Tulasana. Etymology and origins The name comes from the Sanskrit words ''kukkuṭā'' meaning "cockerel" and ''asana'' (आसन) meaning "posture" or "seat". Kukkutasana is described in medieval hatha yoga texts including the 7th century '' Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā'', revised from American Academy of Religions conference, San Francisco, 19 November 2011. the 13th century ''Vasishtha Samhita'', the 15th century ''Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā'' 1.23, the 17th century '' Gheraṇḍa Saṃhitā'' 2.31, and the '' Bahr al-hayat'' c. 1602. Tulasana and Lolasana are not described in the medieval hatha yo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
