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Yoga Upanishads
Yoga Upanishads are a group of minor Upanishads of Hinduism related to Yoga. There are twenty Yoga Upanishads in the anthology of 108 Upanishads listed in the Muktika anthology.. The Yoga Upanishads, along with other minor Upanishads, are generally classified separate from the thirteen major Principal Upanishads considered to be more ancient and from the Vedas, Vedic tradition. The Yoga Upanishads deal with the theory and practice of Yoga, Yogic techniques, with varied emphasis on methodology and meditation, but with some shared ideas. They contrast from other groups of minor Upanishads, such as the Samanya Upanishads which are of a generic nature, the Sannyasa Upanishads which focus on the Hindu renunciation and monastic practice, the Shaiva Upanishads which highlight aspects of Shaivism, the Vaishnava Upanishads which highlight Vaishnavism, and the Shakta Upanishads which highlight Shaktism. Date The composition date of each Yoga Upanishad is unclear, and estimates on when they w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upanishad
The Upanishads (; sa, उपनिषद् ) are late Vedic Sanskrit texts that supplied the basis of later Hindu philosophy.Wendy Doniger (1990), ''Textual Sources for the Study of Hinduism'', 1st Edition, University of Chicago Press, , pages 2-3; Quote: "The Upanishads supply the basis of later Hindu philosophy; they are widely known and quoted by most well-educated Hindus, and their central ideas have also become a part of the spiritual arsenal of rank-and-file Hindus." They are the most recent part of the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, and deal with meditation, philosophy, consciousness, and ontological knowledge; earlier parts of the Vedas deal with mantras, benedictions, rituals, ceremonies, and sacrifices.Gavin Flood (1996), ''An Introduction to Hinduism'', Cambridge University Press, , pp. 35–39A Bhattacharya (2006), ''Hindu Dharma: Introduction to Scriptures and Theology'', , pp. 8–14; George M. Williams (2003), Handbook of Hindu Mythology, Oxford ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mircea Eliade
Mircea Eliade (; – April 22, 1986) was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago. He was a leading interpreter of religious experience, who established paradigms in religious studies that persist to this day. His theory that '' hierophanies'' form the basis of religion, splitting the human experience of reality into sacred and profane space and time, has proved influential.Wendy Doniger, "Foreword to the 2004 Edition", Eliade, ''Shamanism'', p. xiii One of his most instrumental contributions to religious studies was his theory of ''eternal return'', which holds that myths and rituals do not simply commemorate hierophanies, but, at least in the minds of the religious, actually participate in them. His literary works belong to the fantastic and autobiographical genres. The best known are the novels '' Maitreyi'' ('La Nuit Bengali' or 'Bengal Nights'), '' Noaptea de Sânziene'' ('The Forbidden Forest'), ''Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashupatabrahma Upanishad
The ''Pashupatabrahma Upanishad'' (पाशुपतिब्रह्म उपनिषत्), also called ''Pasupathabrahmopanishad'', is a minor Upanishadic text written in Sanskrit.Vedic Literature, Volume 1, , Government of Tamil Nadu, Madras, India, pages 456-457 It is one of the 31 Upanishads attached to the Atharvaveda, and is classified as one of the 20 Yoga Upanishads. In the Telugu language anthology of 108 Upanishads of the Muktika canon, narrated by Rama to Hanuman, it is listed by Paul Deussen – a German Indologist and professor of philosophy, at number 77. The text is a relatively later era Upanishad. The text is structured in two ''khanda'' (sections). The opening verses are in the form of questions addressed to Hindu creator god Brahma by his son Vaishravana. The text discusses soul as Hamsa, yoga, meditation, the uselessness of external rituals and the need for inner reflection with the help of Om, and how a man of true wisdom should behave. The Upanish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varaha Upanishad
''Varaha Upanishad'' ( sa, वराह उपनिषद्, "boar") is a minor Upanishad of Hinduism composed between the 13th and 16th centuries CE. Composed in Sanskrit, it is listed as one of the 32 Krishna Yajurveda Upanishads, and classified as one of 20 Yoga Upanishads. The text has five chapters, structured primarily as a discussion between Vishnu in his Varaha (boar) avatar and the sage Ribhu. The discussion covers the subjects of Tattvas, the nature and relationship between the individual soul (Self, Atman) and the Ultimate Reality (Brahman), the seven stages of learning, the characteristics of Jivanmukti (inner sense of freedom while living), and the four types of ''Jivanmuktas'' (liberated persons). The last chapter of the text is dedicated to Yoga, its goals and methods. It is, as an Upanishad, a part of the corpus of Vedanta literature that presents the philosophical concepts of Hinduism. The ''Varaha Upanishad'' emphasizes that liberation from sorrow and fear r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yoga-kundalini Upanishad
The ''Yoga-kundalini Upanishad'' ( Sanskrit: योगकुण्डलिनी उपनिषत् IAST: ), also called Yogakundali Upanishad (Sanskrit: योगकुण्डल्युपनिषत्, IAST: Yogakuṇḍalī Upaniṣad),Gerald James Larson (2008), The Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies: Yoga: India's philosophy of meditation, Motilal Banarsidass, , pages 615–616 is a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. The Sanskrit text is one of the 20 Yoga Upanishads, and is one of 32 Upanishads attached to the Krishna Yajurveda. In the Muktika canon, narrated by Rama to Hanuman, it is listed at number 86 in the anthology of 108 Upanishads. It is a highly significant text related to the exposition of the Kundalini Yoga, describes Hatha and Lambika yoga, and the last chapter is primarily about the quest of self-knowledge, Atman, Brahman (the Non-dual Brahman) and living liberation. It is an important text in Tantra, to the Shakti tradition of Hinduism, and co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogatattva Upanishad
The '' Yogatattva Upanishad'' (Sanskrit: योगतत्त्व उपनिषत्, IAST: Yogatattva Upaniṣhad), also called as ''Yogatattvopanishad'' (योगतत्त्वोपनिषत्), is an important Upanishad within Hinduism. A Sanskrit text, it is one of eleven Yoga Upanishads attached to the Atharvaveda, and one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. It is listed at number 41 in the serial order of the Muktika enumerated by Rama to Hanuman in the modern era anthology of 108 Upanishads. It is, as an Upanishad, a part of the corpus of Vedanta literature collection that present the philosophical concepts of Hinduism. Two major versions of its manuscripts are known. One has fifteen verses but attached to Atharvaveda, while another very different and augmented manuscript exists in the Telugu language which has one hundred and forty two verses and is attached to the Krishna Yajurveda. The text is notable for describing Yoga in the Vaishnavism tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhyanabindu Upanishad
The ''Dhyanabindu Upanishad'' ( Sanskrit: ध्यानबिन्दू उपनिषत्, IAST: Dhyānabindu Upaniṣad) is an ancient Sanskrit text and a minor Upanishad of Hinduism. It is one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. The manuscripts of this Upanishad exist in two versions. The short version has 23 verses and is attached to the Atharvaveda, while the longer version has 106 verses and is attached to the Samaveda. The text is also called Dhyāna-bindūpanishad. The Upanishad discusses meditation in Yoga. It states that silence during meditation is a reminder of the infinite subtlety therein. It asserts there is an Atman (soul) in every living being, and that a Yogi must seek to understand both the part as well as the whole of everything. The longer version includes techniques for six-staged Yoga. History The Dhyanabindu Upanishad is of ancient origins, states Mircea Eliade, who places its relative chronology to the same period when the followi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogashikha Upanishad
The ''Yogashikha Upanishad'' ( Sanskrit: योगशिखा उपनिषत्, IAST: Yogaśikhā Upaniṣad) is a Sanskrit text and one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism. It is one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. Two versions of the ''Yogashikha Upanishad'' exist, one short that is attached to the Atharvaveda in some anthologies, and a long version which is often found attached to the Krishna Yajurveda in Telugu language anthologies. The long version consists of six chapters, and is about forty times longer than the short version. The short version appears interspersed within the first chapter of the long version. History The Yogashikha is an ancient text, states Mircea Eliade, who suggests a relative chronology. He dates it to the same period when the following Hindu texts were composed – Maitri Upanishad, the didactic parts of the Mahabharata, the chief Sannyasa Upanishads and along with other early Yoga Upanishads such as Brahmabindu, Brahmavidy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nada Bindu Upanishad
The ''Nadabindu Upanishad'' ( Sanskrit: नादबिन्दु उपनिषत्, IAST: Nādabindu Upaniṣad) is an ancient Sanskrit text and one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism. It is one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. It also known as Amrita Nada Bindu Upanishad.( sa, अमृतनादबिन्दु उपनिषद) The text exists in two significantly different versions, the North Indian and the South Indian. These manuscripts are respectively attached to the Atharvaveda, or to the Rigveda. Etymology The word ''Nada'', being a Vedic terminology refers to as the unstruck sound or "Anahata Nada" which is reported as a thin buzzing sound being heard in right ear, and upon whom meditating, a person attains the "turya" of meditation easily. It is said that this sound has its source in the Anahata Chakra( the fourth Chakra in vedic terminology). Other religions also have same terms for it like "shabad", "Word" etc. This scripture tells how ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tejobindu Upanishad
The ''Tejobindu Upanishad'' (Sanskrit: तेजोबिन्दु उपनिषद्) is a minor Upanishad in the corpus of Upanishadic texts of Hinduism. It is one of the five ''Bindu Upanishads'', all attached to the Atharvaveda, and one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. The text is notable for its focus on meditation, calling dedication to bookish learning as rubbish, emphasizing practice instead, and presenting the Vedanta doctrine from Yoga perspective. The Tejobindu is listed at number 37 in the serial order of the Muktika enumerated by Rama to Hanuman in the modern era anthology of 108 Upanishads. Nomenclature ''Tejobindu'', states Paul Deussen, means "the point representing the power of Brahman", wherein the point is the ''Anusvara'' in Om. The Tejobindu Upanishad is sometimes spelled as ''Tejabindu Upanishad'' (Sanskrit: तेजबिन्दु), such as in the Poona manuscript versions. Chronology and anthology Mircea Eliade suggests that Tej ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmavidya Upanishad
The ''Brahmavidya Upanishad'' (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मविद्या उपनिषत्, IAST: Brahmavidyā Upaniṣad) is a Sanskrit text and one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism. It is one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. Two major versions of its manuscripts are known. One has fourteen verses that is attached to Atharvaveda, while another larger manuscript exists in the Telugu language which has one hundred and ten verses and is attached to the Krishna Yajurveda. The Upanishad mainly explains the structure of Om, aspect of its sound, its placement, its beginning and end, and the significance of the ''Laya'' (fading away of its sound). Om is Brahman (ultimate reality), asserts the text. The text is notable for stating that gods live inside human body as five Atmans, with Vishnu in the throat, Rudra in the middle of the palate, Shiva in the forehead, Sadashiva at the tip of nose, and the Brahman in the heart. The innermost Atman, states the text, is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amritabindu Upanishad
The ''Amritabindu Upanishad'' (Sanskrit:अमृतबिन्दु उपनिषद्) is one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism. It is one of the five ''Bindu Upanishads'', attached to the Atharvaveda, and one of twenty Yoga Upanishads in the four Vedas. The text is notable for condemning "bookish learning" and emphasizing practice, as well as for presenting a six limbed Yoga system which match five stages of the eight stage Patanjali's Yogasutras and offering a unique, different sixth stage. The Amṛitabindu is listed at number 20 in the serial order of the Muktika enumerated by Rama to Hanuman in the modern era anthology of 108 Upanishads. The text sometimes appears under the title ''Brahmabindu Upanishad'' or ''Amritanada Upanishad'', in some anthologies. It shares over 20 Vedanta-philosophy related verses with Amritanada Upanishad in compilations where these two texts are separated into independent Upanishads. Nomenclature Paul Deussen states that the title has t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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