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Xuxuan
Xuxuan (), formerly romanized as Hsü-hsüan, was a legendary figure of Chinese history. He was a descendant of Bo Yi according to traditional accounts. In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origin of the House of Ying omits Xuxuan, simply stating that Zhongyan's great-great-grandson was Zhongjue. However, he later relates the speech of one of the marquesses of Shen, who states that "Xuxuan of the Rong" (, , ''Róng Xūxuān''), meaning that he was living with the Rong, was married to the daughter of one of his ancestors. This daughter of Shen was born at Mount Li (, , ''Lìshān'') and gave birth to Zhongjue. He says this was the cause of peace between the Zhou and the Rong, as well as the reason for the allegiance of Zhongjue to the Zhou kings. Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian ''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhongjue
Zhongjue -- (), formerly romanized as Chung Chüeh -- was a figure in the legendary prehistory of China. In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origins of the House of Ying made Zhongjue the great-great-grandson of Zhongyan and the father of Feilian. In the same account, Sima records a speech from one of the marquesses of Shen that attested to Zhongjue having been born to Xuxuan "of the Rong" and a lady of Shen from Mount Li and that it was account of this marriage that the Rong were peaceful and Zhongjue served as a vassal of the Zhou kings. Zhongjue himself was said to live among the Rong and to guard the Zhou's "Western March", Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian'' translated by William Nienhauser as '' '', pp. 88 ff Indiana University Press, 1994. Accessed 11 Dec 2013. Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian'' Guoxue, 2003. Accessed 11 Dec 2013. a territory in modern Gansu controlling the access from the Xihan, a northern Yan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Ying
This is a family tree of Chinese monarchs during the Warring States period. Warring States period In 771 BC, a coalition of feudal lords and the Western Rong tribes overthrew King You and drove the Zhou out of the Wei valley. During the following Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, the major states pursued independent policies and eventually declared full independence claiming the title borne by Zhou rulers. All claimed descent from the Yellow Emperor through cadet lines of the royal houses above, although the historicity of such claims is usually doubted. Qin The kings of Qin claimed descent from the Lady Xiu, "the granddaughter" of "a remote descendant" of the Emperor Zhuanxu, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Similarly, in the next generation, Lady Hua was said to be descended from Shaodian, Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian'' translated by Nienhauser, William Jr. ''The Grand Scribe's Records: The Basic Annals of Pre-Han China''pp. 87 ff I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbrella
An umbrella or parasol is a folding canopy supported by wooden or metal ribs that is usually mounted on a wooden, metal, or plastic pole. It is designed to protect a person against rain or sunlight. The term ''umbrella'' is traditionally used when protecting oneself from rain, with ''parasol'' used when protecting oneself from sunlight, though the terms continue to be used interchangeably. Often the difference is the material used for the canopy; some parasols are not waterproof, and some umbrellas are transparent. Umbrella canopies may be made of fabric or flexible plastic. There are also combinations of parasol and umbrella that are called ''en-tout-cas'' (French for "in any case"). Umbrellas and parasols are primarily hand-held portable devices sized for personal use. The largest hand-portable umbrellas are golf umbrellas. Umbrellas can be divided into two categories: fully collapsible umbrellas, in which the metal pole supporting the canopy retracts, making the umbrella sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanization Of Chinese
Romanization of Chinese () is the use of the Latin alphabet to transliterate Chinese. Chinese uses a logographic script and its characters do not represent phonemes directly. There have been many systems using Roman characters to represent Chinese throughout history. Linguist Daniel Kane wrote, "It used to be said that sinologists had to be like musicians, who might compose in one key and readily transcribe into other keys." The dominant international standard for Standard Mandarin since about 1982 has been Hanyu Pinyin, invented by a group of Chinese linguists in the 1950s including Zhou Youguang. Other well-known systems include Wade–Giles (Mandarin) and Yale Romanization (Mandarin and Cantonese). There are many uses for Chinese Romanization. Most broadly, it is used to provide a useful way for foreigners who are not skilled at recognizing Chinese script to read and recognize Chinese. It can also be helpful for clarifying pronunciation among Chinese speakers who speak mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Folklore
Chinese folklore encompasses the folklore of China, and includes songs, poetry, dances, puppetry, and tales. It often tells stories of human nature, historical or legendary events, love, and the supernatural. The stories often explain natural phenomena and distinctive landmarks. Along with Chinese mythology, it forms an important element in Chinese folk religion. History Folktales The main influences on Chinese folk tales have been Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism. Some folktales may have arrived from Germany when Grimm brothers had contributed some materials for the folktales regard to the country life of the German dwellers since the 1840s; others have no known western counterparts, but are widespread throughout East Asia.Eberhard, Wolfram, ''Folktales of China.''(1965). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1965. University of Congress Catalog Card Number: 65-25440 Chinese folktales include a vast variety of forms such as myths, legends, fables, etc. A number of collections ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese History
The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC, from the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC), during the reign of king Wu Ding. Ancient historical texts such as the ''Book of Documents'' (early chapters, 11th century BC), the ''Bamboo Annals'' (c. 296 BC) and the ''Records of the Grand Historian'' (c. 91 BC) describe a Xia dynasty before the Shang, but no writing is known from the period, and Shang writings do not indicate the existence of the Xia. The Shang ruled in the Yellow River valley, which is commonly held to be the cradle of Chinese civilization. However, Neolithic civilizations originated at various cultural centers along both the Yellow River and Yangtze River. These Yellow River and Yangtze civilizations arose millennia before the Shang. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is among the world's oldest civilizations and is regarded as one of the cradles of civilization. The Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BC) suppl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yi (husbandman)
Yi (Chinese: , ''Yì''; millennium BCE) was a tribal leader of Longshan culture and a culture hero in Chinese mythology who helped Shun and Yu the Great control the Great Flood; he served afterwards as a government minister and a successor as ruler of the empire. Yi is also credited with the invention of digging wells (although Shennong is also credited with this). He is the ancestor of royal family of Zhao, Qin, Xu and Liang. Names Yi was also known as Boyi or Bo Yi, written variously as , , , and . He was also known as Fei the Great (, ''Dafei'').Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian''. Translated by William H. Nienhauser as ''The Grand Scribe's Records: The Basic Annals of Pre-Han China''. Indiana University Press, 1994. History In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origins of the House of Ying states that Fei the Great was the son of Ye the Great and Lady Hua. His father is given as Gao Yao, but this seems to have been a mistak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Records Of The Grand Historian
''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynastic histories. The ''Records'' was written in the early 1st century by the ancient Chinese historian Sima Qian, whose father Sima Tan had begun it several decades earlier. The work covers a 2,500-year period from the age of the legendary Yellow Emperor to the reign of Emperor Wu of Han in the author's own time, and describes the world as it was known to the Chinese of the Western Han dynasty. The ''Records'' has been called a "foundational text in Chinese civilization". After Confucius and the First Emperor of Qin, "Sima Qian was one of the creators of Imperial China, not least because by providing definitive biographies, he virtually created the two earlier figures." The ''Records'' set the model for all subsequent dynastic histories of China. In contrast to Western historical works, the ''Records'' do not treat history as "a cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sima Qian
Sima Qian (; ; ) was a Chinese historian of the early Han dynasty (206AD220). He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his ''Records of the Grand Historian'', a general history of China covering more than two thousand years beginning from the rise of the legendary Yellow Emperor and the formation of the first Chinese polity to the reigning sovereign of Sima Qian's time, Emperor Wu of Han. As the first universal history of the world as it was known to the ancient Chinese, the ''Records of the Grand Historian'' served as a model for official history-writing for subsequent Chinese dynasties and the Chinese cultural sphere (Korea, Vietnam, Japan) up until the 20th century. Sima Qian's father Sima Tan first conceived of the ambitious project of writing a complete history of China, but had completed only some preparatory sketches at the time of his death. After inheriting his father's position as court historian in the imperial court, he was determined to fulfill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhongyan
Zhongyan () was a figure in Shang dynasty of China. In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origins of the House of Ying state that he was the great-great-grandson of Lian the Great, son of Fei the Great (also known as Boyi). In turn, he was said to be the great-great-grandfather of Zhongjue Zhongjue -- (), formerly romanized as Chung Chüeh -- was a figure in the legendary prehistory of China. In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origins of the House of Ying made Zhongjue the great-great-grandson of .... History of China Shang dynasty people {{china-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Shen
The State of Shen () was a Chinese vassal state during the Zhou dynasty (1046 – 221 BCE) ruled by the Jiāng family (姜) as an earldom. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn period the State of Shen was annexed by the State of Chu and became one of its counties. Territory Located around the states of Chén and Zhèng, the State of Shēn lay to the south of modern-day Huáiyáng and Xīnzhèng counties in Henan Province. The state's capital stood in Wăn County (宛县) , Nányáng bordered to the north by the Míngè Pass (冥厄關/冥厄关) and to the south by the Huai River. History The history of the State of Shen began with the bestowal of the Earldom of Shēn (later a Marquessate) which descended from the matriarchal line of the Zhōu Kings. During the reign of King Xuān of Zhōu (reigned 827 – 782 BCE), the Earl of Shēn was granted the title and lands of King Xuān's maternal uncle in the former State of Xiè (謝國/谢国). ”Book of Songs” Da Ya ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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