|
Xenophobia In North America
Xenophobia () is the fear or dislike of anything which is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression of perceived conflict between an in-group and out-group and may manifest in suspicion by the one of the other's activities, a desire to eliminate their presence, and fear of losing national, ethnic, or racial identity.Guido Bolaffi. ''Dictionary of race, ethnicity and culture''. SAGE Publications Ltd., 2003. Pp. 332. Alternate definitions A 1997 review article on xenophobia holds that it is "an element of a political struggle about who has the right to be cared for by the state and society: a fight for the collective good of the modern state." According to Italian sociologist Guido Bolaffi, xenophobia can also be exhibited as an "''uncritical exaltation of another culture''" which is ascribed "''an unreal, stereotyped and exotic quality''". History Ancient Europe An early example of xenophobic sentiment in Western culture is the Ancient Greek denigration ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ξÎνος
''Xenos'' (; ) is a word used in the Greek language from Homer onwards. The most standard definition is "stranger". However, the word itself can be interpreted to mean different things based upon context, author and period of writing/speaking, signifying such divergent concepts as "enemy" or "stranger", a particular hostile interpretation, all the way to "guest friend"' one of the most hallowed concepts in the cultural rules of Greek Xenia (Greek), hospitality. Meanings ''Xenos'' can be translated both to Alien (law), foreigner (in the sense of a person from another Greek state) and to a foreigner or traveler brought into a relationship of long distance friendship. ''Xenos'' can also be used simply to assert that someone is not a member of your community, that is simply foreigner and with no implication of Reciprocity (cultural anthropology), reciprocity or relationship. ''Xenos'' generally refers to the variety of what a particular individual can be, specifically guest, host, st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
