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Xenharmonic
Xenharmonic music is music that uses a tuning system that is unlike the 12-tone equal temperament scale. It was named by Ivor Darreg, from Xenia (Greek ξενία), ''hospitable,'' and Xenos (Greek ξένος) ''foreign.'' He stated that it was "intended to include just intonation and such temperaments as the 5-, 7-, and 11-tone, along with the higher-numbered really-microtonal systems as far as one wishes to go." John Chalmers, author of ''Divisions of the Tetrachord'', wrote, "The converse of this definition is that music which can be performed in 12-tone equal temperament without significant loss of its identity is not truly ''microtonal''." Thus xenharmonic music may be distinguished from twelve-tone equal temperament, as well as use of intonation and equal temperaments, by the use of unfamiliar intervals, harmonies, and timbres.. Theorists other than Chalmers consider xenharmonic and non-xenharmonic to be subjective. Edward Foote, in his program notes for ''6 degrees of ton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenharmonic Versus Microtonal P4
Xenharmonic music is music that uses a tuning system that is unlike the 12-tone equal temperament scale. It was named by Ivor Darreg, from Xenia (Greek ξενία), ''hospitable,'' and Xenos (Greek ξένος) ''foreign.'' He stated that it was "intended to include just intonation and such temperaments as the 5-, 7-, and 11-tone, along with the higher-numbered really-microtonal systems as far as one wishes to go." John Chalmers, author of ''Divisions of the Tetrachord'', wrote, "The converse of this definition is that music which can be performed in 12-tone equal temperament without significant loss of its identity is not truly ''microtonal''." Thus xenharmonic music may be distinguished from twelve-tone equal temperament, as well as use of intonation and equal temperaments, by the use of unfamiliar intervals, harmonies, and timbres.. Theorists other than Chalmers consider xenharmonic and non-xenharmonic to be subjective. Edward Foote, in his program notes for ''6 degrees of ton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivor Darreg
Ivor Darreg (May 5, 1917 – February 12, 1994) was an American composer and leading proponent of microtonal or "xenharmonic" music. He also created a series of experimental musical instruments. Biography Darreg, a contemporary of Harry Partch and a close colleague of John H. Chalmers, Erv Wilson, and Joel Mandelbaum, was one of America's leading theorists and practitioners of experimental intonation and experimental instrument building. Frequently he published his writings in his own Xenharmonic Bulletin. Darreg was born Kenneth Vincent Gerard O'Hara in Portland, Oregon. His father John O'Hara was editor of the (Portland) Catholic Sentinel newspaper and his mother was an artist. (His Uncle, Edwin Vincent O'Hara, was a Roman Catholic Bishop. , ''Cuislandora.WRLC.org''.) He dropped out of school as a tee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microtonal
Microtonal music or microtonality is the use in music of microtones—intervals smaller than a semitone, also called "microintervals". It may also be extended to include any music using intervals not found in the customary Western tuning of twelve equal intervals per octave. In other words, a microtone may be thought of as a note that falls between the keys of a piano tuned in equal temperament. In ''Revising the musical equal temperament,'' Haye Hinrichsen defines equal temperament as “the frequency ratios of all intervals are invariant under transposition (translational shifts along the keyboard), i.e., to be constant. The standard twelve-tone ''equal temperament'' (ET), which was originally invented in ancient China and rediscovered in Europe in the 16th century, is determined by two additional conditions. Firstly the octave is divided into twelve semitones. Secondly the octave, the most fundamental of all intervals, is postulated to be pure (beatless), as described by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Erlich
Paul Erlich (born 1972) is a guitarist and music theorist living near Boston, Massachusetts. He is known for his seminal role in developing the theory of regular temperaments, including being the first to define pajara temperament Accessed 2013-10-29.. and its decatonic scales in 22-ET. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in physics from Yale University. His definition of harmonic entropy, a refinement of a model by van Eck influenced by Ernst Terhardt has received attention from music theorists such as William Sethares.Sethares, William (2005). Tuning, Timbre, Spectrum, Scale', p.371. Springer Science & Business Media. . "Harmonic entropy is a measure of the uncertainty in pitch perception, and it provides a physical correlate of tonalness the closeness of the partials of a complex sound to a harmonic series" one aspect of the psychoacoustic concept of dissonance....high tonalness corresponds to low entropy and low tonalness corresponds to high entropy." It is intended t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musical Tuning
In music, there are two common meanings for tuning: * Tuning practice, the act of tuning an instrument or voice. * Tuning systems, the various systems of pitches used to tune an instrument, and their theoretical bases. Tuning practice Tuning is the process of adjusting the pitch of one or many tones from musical instruments to establish typical intervals between these tones. Tuning is usually based on a fixed reference, such as A = 440 Hz. The term "''out of tune''" refers to a pitch/tone that is either too high (sharp) or too low (flat) in relation to a given reference pitch. While an instrument might be in tune relative to its own range of notes, it may not be considered 'in tune' if it does not match the chosen reference pitch. Some instruments become 'out of tune' with temperature, humidity, damage, or simply time, and must be readjusted or repaired. Different methods of sound production require different methods of adjustment: * Tuning to a pitch with one's voic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
