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X Corps (Italy)
The Italian X Army Corps was a formation of the Italian army in World War II. History The Corps fought in Northern Africa and took part in the Western Desert Campaign until it was destroyed in the Second Battle of El Alamein in November 1942. From 22 October to 4 November 1942, British attacks destroyed its three dependent divisions (Brescia, Folgore and Pavia). On November 5, the remnants of the Corps retreated in the direction of Fuka, where the last units were captured on the morning of 7 November. The X Army Corps was dissolved in December 1942. Composition in October 1942 * 17th Infantry Division "Pavia" * 27th Infantry Division "Brescia" * 185th Paratroopers Division "Folgore" Commanders * Generale di Corpo d'armata Alberto Barbieri (10 June 1940 – 4 August 1941) * Generale di Divisione Luigi Nuvoloni (24 August – 12 December 1941) * Generale di Corpo d'armata Benvenuto Gioda (13 December 1941 – 16 August 1942) * Generale di Divisione Federico Ferrari Or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Italian Army (1940–1946)
This article is about the Royal Italian Army (''Regio Esercito'') which participated in the Second World War. The Royal Italian Army was reformed in 1861 and existed until 1946. The Royal Army started with the unification of Italy (''Risorgimento'') and the formation of the Kingdom of Italy (''Regno d'Italia''). It ended with the dissolution of the monarchy. The Royal Army was preceded by the individual armies of the independent Italian states and was followed by the Italian Army (''Esercito Italiano'') of the Italian Republic (''Repubblica Italiana''). Organization The Italian Army of World War II was a "Royal" army. The nominal Commander-in-Chief of the Italian Royal Army was His Majesty King Vittorio Emanuele III. As Commander-in-Chief of all Italian armed forces, Vittorio Emanuele also commanded the Royal Air Force (''Regia Aeronautica'') and the Royal Navy (''Regia Marina''). However, in reality, most of the King's military responsibilities were assumed by the Italia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Battle Of El Alamein
The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian Railway station, railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the Battle of Alam el Halfa had prevented the Axis powers, Axis from advancing further into Egypt. In August 1942, General (United Kingdom), General Claude Auchinleck had been relieved as Commander-in-Chief Middle East Command and his successor, Lieutenant-General William Gott was killed on his way to replace him as commander of the Eighth Army (United Kingdom), Eighth Army. Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom), Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery was appointed and led the Eighth Army offensive. The British victory was the beginning of the end of the Western Desert Campaign, eliminating the Axis threat to Egypt, the Suez Canal and the Middle Eastern and Persian oil fields. The battle revived the morale of the Allies, being the first big success against the Axis sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Infantry Division "Pavia"
The 17th Infantry Division "Pavia" ( it, 17ª Divisione di fanteria "Pavia") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Pavia was formed in on 27 April 1939 and named after the city of Pavia. The Pavia was classified as an auto-transportable division, meaning staff and equipment could be transported on cars and trucks, although not simultaneously. The Pavia had its recruiting area and regimental depots in the Romagna and its headquarters in Ravenna. Its two infantry regiments were based in Cesena (27th) and Ravenna (28th), with the division's artillery regiment based in Ravenna. Shortly after its formation the division was sent to Sabratha in Italian Libya. It participated in the Western Desert campaign and was destroyed during the Second Battle of El Alamein. History After the Second Italian War of Independence the Austrian Empire had to cede the Lombardy region of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia to the Kingdom of Sardinia. After taking contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
27th Infantry Division "Brescia"
The 27th Infantry Division "Brescia" ( it, 27ª Divisione di fanteria "Brescia") was an infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Brescia was named after the city of Brescia in Lombardy. The Brescia was classified as an auto-transportable division, meaning it had some motorized transport, but not enough to move the entire division at once. The Brescia had its recruiting area and regimental depots in Calabria and its headquarters in Catanzaro. Its two infantry regiments were based in Catanzaro (19th) and Reggio Calabria (20th), with the division's artillery regiment based in Catanzaro. The division's regimental depots were shared with the 61st Infantry Division "Sirte", which was based in Misrata in Libya and recruited its men from and trained them in Calabria. Shortly after its formation the division was sent to Zawiya in Italian Libya. It participated in the Western Desert campaign and was destroyed during the Second Battle of El Alamein. History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
185th Paratroopers Division "Folgore"
185th Paratroopers Division "Folgore" ( it, 185ª Divisione Paracadutisti "Folgore") was an airborne division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The division was formed in Tarquinia near Rome on 1 September 1941. In July 1942 the division was sent to Libya to fight in the Western Desert Campaign and was destroyed during the Second Battle of El Alamein in early November 1942. History Origins On 20 March 1938 the first Italian Parachuting School was activated by the Royal Italian Air Force in Italian Libya at Castel Benito air base. At the outbreak of World War II the school had raised two Libyan and one Italian paratroopers battalion. In July 1940 the school moved to al-Marj, where the school was overrun by British forces during Operation Compass. On 15 October 1939 the Royal Italian Air Force activated the Royal Air Force Paratroopers School in Tarquinia near Rome, which trained the units for the Folgore division. On 10 November 1942 the Royal Air Force Parat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alberto Barbieri (general)
Alberto Barbieri (born in Modena, 21 December 1882) was an Italian Army Corps General during the Second World War. Biography Barbieri participated in the Italian-Turkish War and the First World War, at the end of which he had reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. Promoted to General of Division on 1 July 1937, he became commander of the 61st Infantry Division "Sirte" in Misrata, Libya, until 9 June 1940. At the outbreak of World War II, he remained in Libya, receiving the command of the X Army Corps (Italy), X Army Corps stationed on the Tunisian-Libyan border. His Corps saw no action in 1940-41. He was promoted to Army Corps General on 1 January 1941 and was replaced at the command of the X Corps by General Luigi Nuvoloni on 5 August 1941. He returned to Italy and on 5 October 1941 he became commander of the XVII Army Corps (Italy), XVII Army Corps, responsible for the territorial defense of Lazio. On 15 July 1943 he received command of the Army Corps of Rome, a new Corps that u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benvenuto Gioda
Benvenuto Gioda (Turin, 16 February 1886 – Bolzano, 25 February 1943) was an Italian general during World War II. Biography He was born in Turin on February 16, 1886, the son of Carlo Gioda and Carolina Sanchioli. After enlisting in the Royal Italian Army, on November 3, 1904 he entered the Royal Military Academy of Modena as an officer cadet, graduating with the rank of second lieutenant in the Alpini corps on September 14, 1906. With the rank of lieutenant and later of captain he took part in the Italian-Turkish war in Libya (participating in the battles of Ain Zara in December 1911 and of Sidi Said in June 1912), with the 3rd Alpini Regiment, being awarded a silver and bronze medal for military valor. He then participated in the First World War with the 5th Alpini Regiment, being promoted to major and then to lieutenant colonel; after the end of the war, from November 1919, he was assigned to the General Staff. From 10 March 1922 to September 1923 he was a teacher at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federico Ferrari Orsi
Federico Ferrari Orsi (Rivoli, Piedmont, Italy, 18 December 1886 – Egypt, 18 October 1942) was a general in the Royal Italian Army during World War II. He was one of the founders of Torino Football Club and played as a defender in the 1907 season. He fought in the Italian-Turkish War and the First World War. In 1940 he was a Division General and commanded the 1st Cavalry Division Eugenio di Savoia. In April 1941, during the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia, he commanded the Celere Corps. Between May and August 1942, he was back in Italy to form the new XXII Corps. In August 1942, he was sent to North Africa to command the X Army Corps in the Western Desert Campaign. He was killed by a landmine on 18 October 1942 just before the Second Battle of El Alamein The Second Battle of El Alamein (23 October – 11 November 1942) was a battle of the Second World War that took place near the Egyptian Railway station, railway halt of El Alamein. The First Battle of El Alamein and the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enrico Frattini
Enrico Frattini (Naples, 31 May 1891 – Rome, 11 February 1980) was an Italian general during World War II, most notable for commanding the 185th Paratroopers Division Folgore, 185th Paratroopers Division "Folgore" during the second battle of El Alamein, and the second commander of Allied Land Forces Southern Europe in the 1950s. Biography Early career and World War I Frattini began his military career in 1912, as an officer of the Engineer Corps of the Royal Italian Army. In 1913 he was sent to Libya, with the 5th Engineer Regiment; after promotion to captain in 1915 he remained in Tripolitania. He participated in the First World War on the Italian front (World War I), Italian front and in late 1917, temporarily in command of the 73rd Engineer Battalion, he organized the defense on the Piave river between Nervesa della Battaglia, Nervesa and Palazzon. In 1918 he was in command of the 10th Sapper Battalion, with which he organized several defensive lines. During the war he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
