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X Window Manager
An X window manager is a window manager that runs on top of the X Window System, a windowing system mainly used on Unix-like systems. Unlike MacOS Classic, macOS, and Microsoft Windows platforms (excepting Microsoft Windows explorer.exe shell replacements), which have historically provided a vendor-controlled, fixed set of ways to control how windows and panes display on a screen, and how the user may interact with them, window management for the X Window System was deliberately kept separate from the software providing the graphical display. The user can choose between various third-party window managers, which differ from one another in several ways, including: * customizability of appearance and functionality: ** textual menus used to start programs and/or change options ** docks and other graphical ways to start programs ** multiple desktops and virtual desktops (desktops larger than the physical monitor size), and pagers to switch between them * consumption of memory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schema Of The Layers Of The Graphical User Interface
The word schema comes from the Greek word ('), which means ''shape'', or more generally, ''plan''. The plural is ('). In English, both ''schemas'' and ''schemata'' are used as plural forms. Schema may refer to: Science and technology * SCHEMA (bioinformatics), an algorithm used in protein engineering * Schema (genetic algorithms), a set of programs or bit strings that have some genotypic similarity * Schema.org, a web markup vocabulary * Schema (logic) ** Axiom schema, in formal logic * Image schema, a recurring pattern of spatial sensory experience * Database schema * XML schema Other * Body schema, a neural representation of one's own bodily posture * Galant Schemata, stock phrases in Galant music * Schema (Kant), in philosophy * Schema (psychology), a mental set or representation * Schema Records, a jazz record label in Milan, Italy *, a solemn vow of asceticism of a monk in Orthodox monasticism ** Great Schema, the highest degree of Orthodox monasticism * ''Schema'' (fly) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
X Window System Protocols And Architecture
In computing, the X Window System (commonly: X11, or X) is a network-transparent windowing system for bitmap displays. This article details the protocols and technical structure of X11. Client–server model and network transparency X uses a client–server model. An ''X server'' program runs on a computer with a graphical display and communicates with various ''client programs''. The X server acts as a go-between for the user and the client programs, accepting requests on TCP port 6000 for graphical output (windows) from the client programs and displaying them to the user (display), and receiving user input (keyboard, mouse) and transmitting it to the client programs. In X, the server runs on the user's computer, while the clients may run on remote machines. This terminology reverses the common notion of client–server systems, where the ''client'' normally runs on the user's local computer and the server runs on the remote computer. The X Window terminology takes the perspe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FVWM
The F Virtual Window Manager is a virtual window manager for the X Window System. Originally a twm derivative, FVWM has evolved into a powerful and highly configurable environment for Unix-like systems. History In 1993, during his work analyzing acoustic signatures for the United States Department of Defense, Robert Nation began hacking twm with the intent of simultaneously reducing memory usage and adding support for virtual desktops. Already known for his rxvt terminal emulator, Nation worked on reducing the memory consumption of his new window manager. Deciding to test FVWM's reception, on June 1, 1993, he bundled it with a rxvt release. In 1994 Rob Nation stopped developing FVWM and made Charles Hines the maintainer. Rob Nation's last release of FVWM was fvwm-1.24r. The post-Rob Nation version of FVWM uses a different configuration file format and has a significantly different architecture. Many Linux distributions, as a result, distributed both fvwm-1.24r and later relea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluxbox
Fluxbox is a stacking window manager for the X Window System, which started as a fork of Blackbox 0.61.1 in 2001, with the same aim to be lightweight. Its user interface has only a taskbar, a pop-up menu accessible by right-clicking on the desktop, and minimal support for graphical icons. All basic configurations are controlled by text files, including the construction of menus and the mapping of key-bindings. Fluxbox has high compliance to the Extended Window Manager Hints specification. Fluxbox is basic in appearance, but it can show a few options for improved attractiveness: colors, gradients, borders, and several other basic appearance attributes can be specified. Recent versions support rounded corners and graphical elements. Effects managers such as xcompmgr, cairo-compmgr and transset-df (deprecated) can add true transparency to desktop elements and windows. Enhancements can also be provided by using iDesk or fbdesk, SpaceFM, PCMan File Manager or the ROX Desktop. Fluxbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enlightenment (window Manager)
Enlightenment, also known simply as E, is a compositing window manager for the X Window System. Since version 20, Enlightenment is also a Wayland compositor. Enlightenment developers have referred to it as "the original eye-candy window manager." Enlightenment includes functions to provide a graphical shell and can be used in conjunction with programs written for GNOME or KDE. When used together with the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries (EFL), Enlightenment can refer to an entire desktop environment. History The first version of Enlightenment was released by Rasterman (Carsten Haitzler) in 1997. Version 0.17, also referred to as E17, was in development for 12 years starting in December 2000 until 21 December 2012 when it was officially released as stable. During the development period it was also referred to as DR17 (Development Release 17). It is a complete rewrite on DR16 and was designed to be a full-fledged desktop shell, based on the new Enlightenment Foundation Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blackbox
In Unix computing, Blackbox is a free and open-source stacking window manager for the X Window System. Blackbox has specific design goals, and some functionality is provided only through other applications. One example is the bbkeys hotkey application. Blackbox is written in C++ and contains completely original code. It was created by Bradley T. Hughes and is available under the MIT License. Blackbox has compliance with the Extended Window Manager Hints specification. The original author seems to have ceased updating the repository with the exception of a minor fix of compilation problems in 2015, leaving the last original version at 0.70.1. However an actively maintained fork by Brian Bidulock has been picked up by several Linux distributions in its place, and it is featured in pkgsrc. Despite that, some other Linux distributions still use the original source code, as does FreeBSD. Features Features of the Blackbox window manager include: * A stacking window manager * Wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amiwm
In computing, the AMIga Window Manager (amiwm) is a stacking window manager for the X Window System written by Marcus Comstedt. The window manager emulates the Amiga Workbench and includes support for multiple virtual screens like the AmigaOS, but doesn't offer more functionality than standard Workbench. By the words of its author, "the purpose of amiwm is to make life more pleasant for Amiga-freaks like myself who has/wants to use UNIX workstations once in a while". AmiWM was not updated for years since the 1998 release, yet Linux Format magazine rated it as fast and reliable in 2007. Although Marcus Comstedt included new features like support for AmigaOS 3.5 icons during internal development, a new version was not released until 2010. Features Features of the amiwm window manager include: * Supports iconification of running tasks * Window borders * Window titlebars * Titlebar buttons for menu, minimize, maximize, and close * Desktop shortcut Shortcut may refer to: Navig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Off-screen Buffer
A framebuffer (frame buffer, or sometimes framestore) is a portion of random-access memory (RAM) containing a bitmap that drives a video display. It is a memory buffer containing data representing all the pixels in a complete video frame. Modern video cards contain framebuffer circuitry in their cores. This circuitry converts an in-memory bitmap into a video signal that can be displayed on a computer monitor. In computing, a screen buffer is a part of computer memory used by a computer application for the representation of the content to be shown on the computer display. The screen buffer may also be called the video buffer, the regeneration buffer, or regen buffer for short. Screen buffers should be distinguished from video memory. To this end, the term off-screen buffer is also used. The information in the buffer typically consists of color values for every pixel to be shown on the display. Color values are commonly stored in 1-bit binary (monochrome), 4-bit palettized, 8-bit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virtual Desktop
In computing, a virtual desktop is a term used with respect to user interfaces, usually within the WIMP paradigm, to describe ways in which the virtual space of a computer's desktop environment is expanded beyond the physical limits of the screen's display area through the use of software. This compensates limits of the desktop area and is helpful in reducing clutter of running graphical applications. There are two major approaches to expanding the virtual area of the screen. Switchable virtual desktops allow the user to make virtual copies of their desktop view-port and switch between them, with open windows existing on single virtual desktops. Another approach is to expand the size of a single virtual screen beyond the size of the physical viewing device. Typically, scrolling/panning a subsection of the virtual desktop into view is used to navigate an oversized virtual desktop. Overview Switching desktops Switchable desktops were designed and implemented at Xerox PA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extended Window Manager Hints
Extended Window Manager Hints, a.k.a. NetWM, is an X Window System standard for the communication between window managers and applications. It builds on the functionality of the Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual (ICCCM). These standards formulate protocols for the mediation of access to shared X resources, like the screen and the input focus. Applications request access, while the window manager grants or denies it. Communication occurs via X properties and client messages. The EWMH is a comprehensive set of protocols to implement a desktop environment. It defines both required and optional protocols. The window manager may choose to implement virtual desktops or a layered stacking order, but if it does, then the EWMH defines how this is communicated. Protocol overview All EWMH protocol identifiers start with the five letter prefix _NET_. Root window properties The WM must update a set of properties on the root window: ; _NET_SUPPORTED : lists all the EWMH pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual
In computing, the Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual (ICCCM or I39L short for "I", 39 letters and "L")The X-Windows Disaster Don Hopkins, UNIX-HATERS Handbook is a legacy standard protocol for the . It specifies conventions for clients of a common X server about [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Root Window
{{Unreferenced, date=September 2008 In the X Window System, every window is contained within another window, called its parent. This makes the windows form a hierarchy. The root window is the root of this hierarchy. It is as large as the screen/display surface, and all other windows are either children or descendants of it. Since every window covers the part of its parent it is staying on, all other windows appear to be above the root window. As a result, the root window is visible as the part of the screen that is behind all other windows. In other words, the root window forms the background of the screen. An image can be used as the wallpaper of the screen by setting it as the background image of the root window. This can be done for example using the xsetroot or the xv programs. The direct children of the root window are called ''top-level windows''. These windows are usually drawn with a decorative frame and a title bar (which are actually added by the window manager). The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
