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Włodzimierz Of Cracow
Włodzimierz of Cracow ( pl, Włodzimierz z Krakowa, Włodzimierz Krakowski, Włodzimierz Gryfita) (c. 1191 - 18 March 1241) was a Polish knight, Gryf coat of arms, Gryf, and voivode of Kraków (Seniorate Province) from 1237 until his death at the Battle of Chmielnik. Włodzimierz h. Gryf (b. - 1241) - Genealogy Life and Mongol invasion Włodzimierz was a descendant of Piotr Włostowic and a member of the Duninowie, House of Duninowie. Włodzimierz, as voivode of Kraków, led Cracovian forces of the ziemia at the Battle of Tursko in February 1241 against the Mongol invasion forces. The battle ended in a defeat for the Poles. A month later, Włodzimierz co-commanded Polish forces alongside the voivode of Sandomierz. They were both slain in the Battle of Chmielnik. His nephew Klement of Ruszcza, succeeded him as Voiovd ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Hungarian, Balkan or some Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with ''palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. is related to warring, while means 'leading' in Old Slavic, together meaning 'war leader' or 'warlord'. The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In early Slavic, ''vojevoda'' meant the , the military leader in battle. The term has als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duninowie
The Duninowie also Łabędzie was a Polish knight family. ''Możnowładcy'' (magnates) in medieval Poland. History The progenitor of the family was Piotr Włostowic, a voivode and adviser of Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth. Notable members * Piotr Włostowic - progenitor, castellan of Wrocław, and a ruler (''możnowładca'') of a part of Silesia * Świętosław – son of Piotr Włostowic (?-1153) * Sulisław of Cracow (d. 9 April 1241) commanding an army at the Battle of Legnica * Piotr (?-1198), Archbishop of Gniezno - probably the fundator of the Gniezno Doors * Piotr Dunin z Prawkowic (ca. 1415-1484) - led the Polish army to victory over the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of Świecino at Malbork castle * Stanisław Dunin-Karwicki (1640-1724) - politician and political writer * Marcin Dunin-Sulgostowski (1774-1842) - Primate of Poland 1831-1842 * Jerzy Sewer Dunin-Borkowski (1856 - 1908) count, heraldry, social activist, politician, landowner. * Stanisław Jan Borkowski ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1241 Deaths
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by 2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following 0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Kraków
Kraków (Cracow) is one of the largest and oldest cities in Poland, with the urban population of 756,441 (2008). Situated on the Vistula river ( pl, Wisła) in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. It was the capital of Poland from 1038 to 1596, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Kraków from 1846 to 1918, and the capital of Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1999. It is now the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. Early history The earliest known settlement on the present site of Kraków was established on Wawel Hill, and dates back to the 4th century. Legend attributes the town's establishment to the mythical ruler Krakus, who built it above a cave occupied by a ravenous dragon, Smok Wawelski. Many knights unsuccessfully attempted to oust the dragon by force, but instead, Krakus fed it a poisoned lamb, which killed the dragon. The city was free to flourish. Dragon bones, most likely that of mammoth, are displayed at the entrance of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoni Małecki (uczony)
Antoni is a Catalan, Polish, and Slovene given name and a surname used in the eastern part of Spain, Poland and Slovenia. As a Catalan given name it is a variant of the male names Anton and Antonio. As a Polish given name it is a variant of the female names Antonia and Antonina. As a Slovene name it is a variant of the male names Anton, Antonij and Antonijo and the female name Antonija. As a surname it is derived from the Antonius root name. It may refer to: Given name * Antoni Brzeżańczyk, Polish football player and manager * Antoni Derezinski, Northern Irish Strongman * Antoni Gaudi, Catalan architect * Antoni Kenar, Polish sculptor * Antoni Lima, Catalan footballer * Antoni Lomnicki, Polish mathematician * Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Polish bishop * Antoni Niemczak, Polish long-distance runner * Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France * Antoni Porowski, Polish-Canadian chef, actor, and television personality * Antoni Radziwiłł, Polish politician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesser Poland
Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name Małopolska ( la, Polonia Minor), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a separate culture featuring diverse architecture, folk costumes, dances, cuisine, traditions and a rare Lesser Polish dialect. The region is rich in historical landmarks, monuments, castles, natural scenery and UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The region should not be confused with the modern Lesser Poland Voivodeship, which covers only the southwestern part of Lesser Poland. Historical Lesser Poland was much larger than the current voivodeship that bears its name. It reached from Bielsko-Biała in the southwest as far as to Siedlce in the northeast. It consisted of the three voivodeships of Kraków, Sandomierz and Lublin. It comprised almost 60,000 km2 in area; today's population in this area is about 9,000,000 inhabitants. Its landscap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Legnica
The Battle of Legnica ( pl, bitwa pod Legnicą), also known as the Battle of Liegnitz (german: Schlacht von Liegnitz) or Battle of Wahlstatt (german: Schlacht bei Wahlstatt), was a battle between the Mongol Empire and combined European forces that took place at the village of Legnickie Pole (''Wahlstatt''), approximately southeast of the city of Legnica in the Duchy of Silesia on 9 April 1241. A combined force of Poles and Moravians under the command of Duke Henry II the Pious of Silesia, supported by feudal nobility and a few knights from military orders sent by Pope Gregory IX, attempted to halt the Mongol invasion of Poland. The battle took place two days before the Mongol victory over the Hungarians at the much larger Battle of Mohi. Historical disputations As with many historical battles, the exact details of force composition, tactics, and the actual course of the battle are lacking and sometimes contradictory. The general historical view is that it was a crushing d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulisław Of Cracow
Sulisław of Krakow ( pl, Sulisław z Krakowa, Sulisław Gryfita) (12th century - died 9 April 1241 in Legnica, Poland) was a Polish knight, Gryf nobleman, and member of the House of Duninowie. He commanded a Polish army from Lesser Poland, including the Cracovians, at the Battle of Legnica, fighting the Mongol invasion army. He died in action alongside the Polish Grand Duke Henry II the Pious and the majority of the Polish army. His older brother Włodzimierz served as voivode of Krakow until he was killed at the Battle of Chmielnik. Sulisław's son, Klemens, succeeded Włodzimierz as voivode of Krakow. Family Sulisław had 2 children. *Klement of Ruszcza {{Infobox noble, name=Klement of Ruszcza, native name=, image=, caption=, succession=Voivode of Kraków, title=Voivode, reign=1241, 1243-1252, coronation=, predecessor= Włodzimierz of Cracow, successor= Klemens Latoszyński, spouse=?, issue=* Wi ... (Voivode of Krakow) h. Gryf and Sezem * Ziemia z Ruszczy (i Niegardo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sack Of Kraków (1241)
{{Campaignbox Mongol invasion of Poland The sack of Krakow during the first Mongol invasion of Poland took place on either 22 or 28 March 1241. It ended in the victory of the Mongol forces, who captured the city and burned it, massacring most of its residents. Background In early February 1241, some ten thousand Mongol warriors concentrated near Wlodzimierz Wolynski, and entered Lesser Poland. The invaders captured Lublin and Zawichost, reaching Sandomierz on 13 February. The Polish army under voivode Włodzimierz Gryf was defeated in the Battle of Tursk and the Battle of Chmielnik. The latter victory meant that the way to Krakow was opened. When news of Polish losses reached the city, its residents fled in panic to Silesia, Bohemia and Germany. Also, local peasants abandoned the villages, hiding in forests, swamps and other places. The sack The Mongols probably entered Krakow on 22 March 1241. The city itself was not defended. Those residents who had not fled, deci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandomierz
Sandomierz (pronounced: ; la, Sandomiria) is a historic town in south-eastern Poland with 23,863 inhabitants (as of 2017), situated on the Vistula River in the Sandomierz Basin. It has been part of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (Holy Cross Province) since 1999, having previously been located in the Tarnobrzeg Voivodeship. It is the capital of Sandomierz County. Sandomierz is known for its preserved Old Town, a major cultural and tourist attraction which was declared a National Monument of Poland in 2017. In the past, Sandomierz used to be one of the most important urban centers not only of Lesser Poland, but also of the whole country. It was a royal city of the Polish Crown and a regional administrative centre from the High Middle Ages to the 19th century. Etymology The name of the city might have originated from the Old Polish ', composed of ' (from the verb ' "to judge") and ' ("peace"), or more likely from the antiquated given name Sędzimir, once popular in several Slavi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tursko
The Battle of Tursko (or Tursko Wielkie) took place on 13 February 1241, during the First Mongol invasion of Poland. It ended in the defeat of the Polish forces of the ''ziemia'' of Kraków. In early February 1241, Polish forces under the voivode of Kraków Włodzimierz blocked the road towards Kraków, concentrating in the area of Miechów. Meanwhile, Mongol forces headed towards Kraków via Koprzywnica, Wiślica and Skalbmierz, then withdrew to Tursko Wielkie. Following the order of the voivode, the Poles decided to pursue the Mongols. The Mongol commander Baidar was probably aware of it, using mock retreat to find a better position for the battle. According to Jan Długosz Jan Długosz (; 1 December 1415 – 19 May 1480), also known in Latin as Johannes Longinus, was a Polish priest, chronicler, diplomat, soldier, and secretary to Bishop Zbigniew Oleśnicki of Kraków. He is considered Poland's first histo ..., the first clash ended in a Polish victory and the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ziemia
Land is a historical unit of administration in Poland and Ruthenia. In the Polish language, the term is not capitalized (''ziemia chełmińska'', Chelmno Land; not ''Ziemia Chełmińska''). All ''ziemias'' are named after main urban centers (or gords) of a given area: ''ziemia krakowska'' (after Krakow), or ''ziemia lubelska'' (after Lublin). In some cases, the suffix "-szczyzna" is added to the name of a ''ziemia'': ''ziemia lubelska'' is also called '' Lubelszczyzna'', while ''ziemia opolska'' (named after Opole) - ''Opolszczyzna''. The term ''ziemia'' appeared for the first time in medieval Poland (12th-13th centuries), after the fragmentation of Poland. It referred to a former princedom or duchy, which was unified with the Polish Kingdom, and lost its political sovereignty, but retained its hierarchy of officials and bureaucracy. From around the 14th century some of the former princedoms, now ''ziemia''s, were assigned to officials known as voivodes and became primary uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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