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Wuzhile
Wuzhile () (reconstructed Old Turkic *Üç EligS.G. Klyashtorny's reconstruction cited in or *Oçırlıq, ultimately from Pali Vajira) was the first Turgesh Qaghan, from the Sary (Yellow) Türgesh faction. Early life He was titled Bagha Tarkhan (莫贺达干) during reign of Ashina Huseluo and unlike him was kind to his subjects. He took advantage of Ashina Tuizi rebellion to assert independence. He captured regional capital Suyab in 699 and became a major force in the area.Naito, M. History of the Western Turks, pp. 324–328, 1988 Tokyo (''in Japanese'') Afterwards, Huseluo did not dare to turn back from Changan.'' New Book of Tang''vol 215B/ref> Wuzhile had 20 generals with each commanding 7000 soldiers. Reign After his expulsion of Western Turkic forces, he consolidated his rule around Suyab, while designating valley of Ili River as his second residence. He sent his son Zhenu (遮努) as an envoy on 12 August 699 to court of Wu Zetian, Changan. He was created Prince o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guo Yuanzhen
Guo Yuanzhen (郭元振; 656–713), formal name Guo Zhen () but went by the courtesy name of Yuanzhen, was an official, general, and diplomat of Tang and Zhou China, serving as a chancellor during the reigns of Emperor Ruizong and Emperor Xuanzong. Background Guo Yuanzhen was born in 656, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong. He was said to be tall and handsome, with a beautiful beard in his youth, as well as ambitious. In 671, he became a student at the imperial university, at the same time that future fellow chancellors Xue Ji and Zhao Yanzhao where. On one occasion, when Guo's family had just sent him spending money, a man who was wearing mourning clothes approached him and asked him for financial help to bury his ancestors, claiming that his ancestors had not been properly buried for five generations. Guo generously gave the man money without asking further questions, impressing Xue and Zhao, who were present at the time. In 673, he passed the imperial examinations and was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Türgesh Rulers
The Türgesh or Türgish ( otk, 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰏𐰾:𐰉𐰆𐰑, Türügeš budun, Türgesh people; ; Old Tibetan: ''Du-rgyas'') were a Turkic tribal confederation. Once belonging to the Duolu wing of the Western Turkic ''On Oq'' elites, Türgeshes emerged as an independent power after the demise of the Western Turks and established a khaganate in 699. The Türgesh Khaganate lasted until 766 when the Karluks defeated them. Türgesh and Göktürks were related through marriage. Name Atwood (2013), citing Tekin (1968), etymologizes the ethnonym ''Türgiş'' as contains gentilic suffix ''-ş'' affixed onto the name of lake ''Türgi-Yarğun'', which was mentioned in Kültegin inscription. Tribal composition By the 7th century, two or three sub-tribes were recorded: "Yellow" ''Sarï'' Türgesh tribe ''Alishi'' (阿利施) and the "Black" ''Qara'' Türgesh tribe(s) 娑葛 (''Suoge'' < *''Soq'' or *''Saqal'') - 莫賀 (''Mohe'' < *''Bağa''). To the Black Türgesh sub-tribe, Chebish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suoge
Saqal () was a Turgesh Qaghan. According toYuri Zuev, he was a Manichaeist so that his name was possibly derived from Manichean theonym ''Sakla'' which means " Creator of the World". Other reconstructions are Saqal and Soq. Early reign Suoge succeeded his father, Wuzhile, to the Turgesh throne. However, the Tang court did not acknowledge him as a Khagan, and instead, appointed him as Commander of the Walu Province (嗢鹿州都督). They gave him the title of Prince of Huaide (懷徳郡王), which made him a subordinate of Ashina Huaidao (who was ''Shixing Qaghan''). Later, the deputy of Guo Yuanzhen, Jie Wan (解琬), was sent to bestow him with the title of Prince of Jinhe (金河郡王) in 708. Conflict with Tang Eventually, the relationship between Suoge and the Tang court deteriorated. Suoge's subordinate, Juechuo Zhongjie (闕啜忠節), rebelled to his command, but was unable to prevail. At the suggestion of Guo Yuanzhen, in 708, he was set to give up his militar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashina Huseluo
Ashina Huseluo (693–704) was a puppet khagan installed by Wu Zetian of the Wu Zhou dynasty. Life Ashina Huseluo was the son of Ashina Buzhen who died in 667. His original title was Böri shad (歩利設). As a youth he saw Tang influence decline in favor of Tibetan Empire in Central Asia, thus he couldn't rule his ancestral lands and tribes. However, in 685 Wu Zetian made him Jiwangjue Khagan and Mengchi Protector-General in order to strengthen the rule in west. In 690, he was made Jiezhong Shizhu Khagan () for his valiant fights against the Tibetan Empire and the Second Turkic Khaganate. Reportedly he was harsh and ruthless towards his subjects. After Ashina Tuizi's rebellion he was sent again to Suiye in 700, as the Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Pingxi Force (平西軍大総管). However, after the rise of Wuzhile (chief of Turgesh), he did not dare to come back to the Western Region again. He died in 704, in Changan and was succeeded by Ashina Huaidao Ashina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
706 Deaths
7 (seven) is the natural number following 6 and preceding 8. It is the only prime number preceding a cube. As an early prime number in the series of positive integers, the number seven has greatly symbolic associations in religion, mythology, superstition and philosophy. The seven Classical planets resulted in seven being the number of days in a week. It is often considered lucky in Western culture and is often seen as highly symbolic. Unlike Western culture, in Vietnamese culture, the number seven is sometimes considered unlucky. It is the first natural number whose pronunciation contains more than one syllable. Evolution of the Arabic digit In the beginning, Indians wrote 7 more or less in one stroke as a curve that looks like an uppercase vertically inverted. The western Ghubar Arabs' main contribution was to make the longer line diagonal rather than straight, though they showed some tendencies to making the digit more rectilinear. The eastern Arabs developed the digit f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
8th-century Turkic People
The 8th century is the period from 701 ( DCCI) through 800 ( DCCC) in accordance with the Julian Calendar. The coast of North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula quickly came under Islamic Arab domination. The westward expansion of the Umayyad Empire was famously halted at the siege of Constantinople by the Byzantine Empire and the Battle of Tours by the Franks. The tide of Arab conquest came to an end in the middle of the 8th century.Roberts, J., ''History of the World'', Penguin, 1994. In Europe, late in the century, the Vikings, seafaring peoples from Scandinavia, begin raiding the coasts of Europe and the Mediterranean, and go on to found several important kingdoms. In Asia, the Pala Empire is founded in Bengal. The Tang dynasty reaches its pinnacle under Chinese Emperor Xuanzong. The Nara period begins in Japan. Events * Estimated century in which the poem Beowulf is composed. * Classical Maya civilization begins to decline. * The Kombumerri burial grounds are founde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
8th-century Rulers In Asia
The 8th century is the period from 701 ( DCCI) through 800 ( DCCC) in accordance with the Julian Calendar. The coast of North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula quickly came under Islamic Arab domination. The westward expansion of the Umayyad Empire was famously halted at the siege of Constantinople by the Byzantine Empire and the Battle of Tours by the Franks. The tide of Arab conquest came to an end in the middle of the 8th century.Roberts, J., ''History of the World'', Penguin, 1994. In Europe, late in the century, the Vikings, seafaring peoples from Scandinavia, begin raiding the coasts of Europe and the Mediterranean, and go on to found several important kingdoms. In Asia, the Pala Empire is founded in Bengal. The Tang dynasty reaches its pinnacle under Chinese Emperor Xuanzong. The Nara period begins in Japan. Events * Estimated century in which the poem Beowulf is composed. * Classical Maya civilization begins to decline. * The Kombumerri burial grounds a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th-century Turkic People
The 7th century is the period from 601 (DCI) through 700 ( DCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era. The spread of Islam and the Muslim conquests began with the unification of Arabia by Muhammad starting in 622. After Muhammad's death in 632, Islam expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula under the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661) and the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750). The Muslim conquest of Persia in the 7th century led to the downfall of the Sasanian Empire. Also conquered during the 7th century were Syria, Palestine, Armenia, Egypt, and North Africa. The Byzantine Empire suffered setbacks during the rapid expansion of the Caliphate, a mass incursion of Slavs in the Balkans which reduced its territorial limits. The decisive victory at the Siege of Constantinople in the 670s led the empire to retain Asia Minor which assured the existence of the empire. In the Iberian Peninsula, the 7th century was known as the ''Siglo de Concilios'' (century of councils) refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
7th-century Rulers In Asia
The 7th century is the period from 601 (DCI) through 700 ( DCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era. The spread of Islam and the Muslim conquests began with the unification of Arabia by Muhammad starting in 622. After Muhammad's death in 632, Islam expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula under the Rashidun Caliphate (632–661) and the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750). The Muslim conquest of Persia in the 7th century led to the downfall of the Sasanian Empire. Also conquered during the 7th century were Syria, Palestine, Armenia, Egypt, and North Africa. The Byzantine Empire suffered setbacks during the rapid expansion of the Caliphate, a mass incursion of Slavs in the Balkans which reduced its territorial limits. The decisive victory at the Siege of Constantinople in the 670s led the empire to retain Asia Minor which assured the existence of the empire. In the Iberian Peninsula, the 7th century was known as the ''Siglo de Concilios'' (century of councils) refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manichaeism
Manichaeism (; in New Persian ; ) is a former major religionR. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 founded in the 3rd century AD by the Parthian Empire, Parthian prophet Mani (prophet), Mani (AD 216–274), in the Sasanian Empire. Manichaeism teaches an elaborate dualistic cosmology describing the conflict between good and evil, struggle between a goodness and value theory, good, spirituality, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Through an ongoing process that takes place in human history, light is gradually removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, whence it came. Its beliefs are based on local Mesopotamian religious movements and Gnosticism. It reveres Mani as the final prophet after Zoroaster, Gautama Buddha, and Jesus. Manichaeism was quickly successful and spread far through the Aramaic language, Aramaic-speaking regions. It thrived be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yury Zuev
Yuri Alexeyevich Zuev or Zuyev (russian: Юрий Алексеевич Зуев; 8 December 1932 – 5 December 2006) was a Russian-born Kazakh sinologist and turkologist. Biography Zuev was born in the Siberian city of Tümen in a white-collar family. Zuev studied at the Leningrad State University and majored in the historical studies of the Eastern Asian countries, successfully learning Classical Chinese, Middle Chinese, and modern Chinese. In 1955, Zuev received a B.A. diploma and was sent to work in the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences. He received his Ph.D. in 1967. His PhD thesis "Ancient Turkic genealogical legends as a source on early history of Turkic people" included a number of new discoveries about the socio-political history of the Turks, suggested the etymology of the name of the Ashina tribe, traced the historical past of the Turkic tribes in the Chinese genealogical legends, and suggested a hypoth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
