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Woolenook (Wood Camp)
Woolenook Wood Camp was a World War II internment and prisoner of war camp in the Australian state of South Australia located Murtho along the River Murray, in the state's Riverland. It was officially part of the Loveday POW Camp complex, and housed Japanese internees and later, Japanese prisoners of war. As internees, they had the option to accept paid work and they were employed as wood cutters for the Allied war effort. Timber was required to fuel Renmark's steam-powered irrigation pump for food production while fossil fuels were in low supply. The cut logs were collected and transported to Renmark on the PS Ulonga captained by Bob Reed. Woolenook was similar to wood camps throughout South Australia at the time, including two others attached to the Loveday POW camps - Moorook West (Wood Camp) and Katarapko (Wood Camp). The camp consisted of a tented compound, surrounded by barbed wire. The camp guard was provided by members of the 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Army
The Australian Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of Australia, a part of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. The Army is commanded by the Chief of Army (Australia), Chief of Army (CA), who is subordinate to the Chief of the Defence Force (Australia), Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) who commands the ADF. The CA is also directly responsible to the Minister of Defence (Australia), Minister for Defence, with the Department of Defence (Australia), Department of Defence administering the ADF and the Army. Formed in 1901, as the Commonwealth Military Forces, through the amalgamation of the colonial forces of Australia following the Federation of Australia. Although Australian soldiers have been involved in a number of minor and major conflicts throughout Australia's history, only during the Second World War has Australian territory come under direct attack. The Australian Army was initially composed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II Internment Camps In Australia
In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the world as unique while others talk of a "plurality of worlds". Some treat the world as one simple object while others analyze the world as a complex made up of many parts. In ''scientific cosmology'' the world or universe is commonly defined as " e totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be". '' Theories of modality'', on the other hand, talk of possible worlds as complete and consistent ways how things could have been. ''Phenomenology'', starting from the horizon of co-given objects present in the periphery of every experience, defines the world as the biggest horizon or the "horizon of all horizons". In ''philosophy of mind'', the world is commonly contrasted with the mind as that which is represented by the mind. ''Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Camps In Australia
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of South Australia
The history of South Australia includes the history of the Australian state of South Australia since Federation of Australia, Federation in 1901, and the area's preceding Indigenous Australian, Indigenous and British colony, British colonial societies. Aboriginal Australians of various nations or tribes have lived in South Australia for at least thirty thousand years, while British colonists arrived in the 19th century to establish a free colony. The ''South Australia Act, 1834'' created the Province of South Australia, built according to the principles of systematic colonisation, with no convict settlers; after the colony nearly went bankrupt, the ''South Australia Act 1842'' gave the British Government full control of South Australia as a Crown Colony. After some amendments to the form of government in the intervening years, South Australia became a self-governing colony in 1857 with the ratification of the ''Constitution Act 1856'', and the Parliament of South Australia was for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loveday Camp 14
Camp 14 was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 30 kilometres from Renmark. This camp was divided into four compounds and held Axis prisoners from various locations around the world, including Papua New Guinea, the Pacific, the Middle East and North Africa. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army. The four compounds were numbered and prisoners were divided into their specific nationalities. 14A held Italian prisoners, 14B and 14C held Japanese prisoners and 14D held German and Italian prisoners. Prisoners first started to arrive at Camp 14 between the months of January and February 1942. The camp officially closed in 1946, when the last prisoners were repatriated to their home countries. See also * List of POW camps in Australia * Loveday Camp 9 * Loveday Camp 10 * Italian prisoners of war in Australia Italian pris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loveday Camp 10
Camp 10 was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday during World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ..., in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 12 kilometres from Renmark, South Australia, Renmark. This camp could hold up to 1000 people and also held the camp headquarters and 39 buildings, including the hospital. The first Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946), Italian prisoner arrived at the camp on 12 August 1941. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a Australian Citizens Military Forces, militia unit of the Australian Army. This camp was also involved in greater world affairs during the Second World War. Nazi Germany, German nationals, who had been detained in Iran after the Anglo-Soviet inv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loveday Camp 9
Camp 9 (also known as Italian Internee Camp No. 9) was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 8 kilometres from Barmera. This camp could hold up to 1000 people, detaining Italian civilian internees, and later Italian prisoners of war. The camp began operations on 12 August 1940, and the first Italian POW arrived at the camp on 11 June 1941. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army. Many internees were released from the camp in 1944. See also * List of POW camps in Australia * Loveday Camp 10 * Loveday Camp 14 Camp 14 was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 30 kilometres from Renmark. This camp was divided into four compounds and held Axis prisoners from vario ... External links Segment from SA Life re the Loveday campsAustralian Nat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of POW Camps In Australia
This is a list of prisoner of war camps in Australia during World War II. During World War II many enemy aliens were interned in Australia under the ''National Security Act 1939''. Prisoners of war were also sent to Australia from other Allied countries for internment in Australia. Internment camps were established for three reasons – to prevent residents from assisting Australia's enemies, to appease public opinion and to house overseas internees sent to Australia for the duration of the war. Unlike World War I, the initial aim of internment was to identify and intern those who posed a particular threat to the safety or defence of the country. As the war progressed, however, this policy changed and Japanese residents were interned en masse. In the later years of the war, Germans and Italians were also interned on the basis of nationality, particularly those living in the north of Australia. In all, just over 20 per cent of all Italians resident in Australia were interned. Duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Citizens Military Forces
The Australian Army Reserve is a collective name given to the reserve units of the Australian Army. Since the Federation of Australia in 1901, the reserve military force has been known by many names, including the Citizens Forces, the Citizen Military Forces, the Militia and, unofficially, the Australian Military Forces. In 1980, however, the current name—Australian Army Reserve—was officially adopted, and it now consists of a number of components based around the level of commitment and training obligation that its members are required to meet. Overview For the first half of the 20th century, due to a widespread distrust of permanent military forces in Australia, the reserve military forces were the primary focus of Australian military planning.Grey 2008, pp. 66–83. Following the end of World War II, however, this focus gradually shifted due to the changing strategic environment, and the requirement for a higher readiness force available to support collective security go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and second smallest state by population. It has a total of 1.8 million people. Its population is the second most highly centralised in Australia, after Western Australia, with more than 77 percent of South Australians living in the capital Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second-largest centre, has a population of 33,233. South Australia shares borders with all of the other mainland states, as well as the Northern Territory; it is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria, and to the south by the Great Australian Bight.M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katarapko (Wood Camp)
Katarapko Wood Camp was a World War II prisoner of war camp, located on Katarapko Island, on the River Murray near Loxton, in South Australia's Riverland. It was officially part of the Loveday POW Camp complex, and housed Italian prisoners of war, who were employed as wood cutters for the Allied war effort. It was similar to wood camps throughout South Australia at the time, including two others attached to the Loveday POW camps - Moorook West (Wood Camp) and Woolenook (Wood Camp). The camp consisted of a tented compound, surrounded by barbed wire. The first Italian prisoners arrived at the camp on 3 May 1942. The camp guard was provided by members of the 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army. Cut timber was used as fuel for the power station and the pumping station at Berri. See also * List of POW camps in Australia This is a list of prisoner of war camps in Australia during World War II. During World War II many enemy aliens were intern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
