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Women In Policing In The United Kingdom
Women in policing in the United Kingdom began as early as December 1915 amidst the First World War. As with other countries, police forces in the UK were entirely male at the start of the 20th century. Their numbers were limited for many decades, but have gradually increased since the 1970s. In England and Wales, 31.2% (40,319) of police officers were female on 31 March 2020. Previously, women police made up 28.6% in March 2016, and 23.3% in 2007. Women also make up a majority of the non-sworn police staff. Notable women in the police forces include Cressida Dick, the former commissioner (chief) of the Metropolitan Police Service. Until 1999, women in the police force had their rank title prefixed with the word "Woman", or the letter W in abbreviations (e.g. "WPC" for Constable); this construction is still sometimes used in the press and by individuals. From 1919 until January 1993, female officers' warrant numbers also came from a different series than male officers'. History P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales, annexed in 1542) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 170 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Damer Dawson
Margaret Mary Damer Dawson OBE (12 June 1873 – 18 May 1920) was a prominent anti-vivisectionist and philanthropist who co-founded the first British women's police service. Life Margaret Dawson was born on 12 June 1873 to a wealthy family in Burgess Hill and grew up in Hove. After her father, Richard Dawson, died her mother remarried, becoming Lady Walsingham. Her step-father was Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham. Dawson had a private income and studied music with the Austrian pianist Benno Schoenberger at the London Academy of Music. She became involved in anti-vivisection and other causes and founded a home for foundlings. She was awarded silver medals by Finland and Denmark for her campaigning work for animal rights. Dawson was honorary secretary of the International Anti-Vivisection Council set up in 1908 by Lizzy Lind af Hageby, and together they organised the International Anti-Vivisection and Animal Protection Congress in London in July 1909. As Honorary Organis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Pay Act 1970
The Equal Pay Act 1970 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that prohibited any less favourable treatment between men and women in terms of pay and conditions of employment. The Act was proposed by the then Labour government, and was based on the Equal Pay Act of 1963 of the United States. It has now been mostly superseded by Part 5, chapter 3, of the Equality Act 2010. History In the 1964 general election, the Labour Party's manifesto had proposed a charter of rights including 'the right to equal pay for equal work'. September 1965 saw the Trades Union Congress resolving 'its support for the principles of equality of treatment and opportunity for women workers in industry, and calls upon the General Council to request the government to implement the promise of 'the right to equal pay for equal work' as set out in the Labour Party election manifesto'. However, there was no immediate action by either government or unions. Brian Harrison says polls in 1968–69 showed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Federation Of England And Wales
The Police Federation of England and Wales (PFEW) is the statutory staff association for police constables, sergeants, inspectors, chief inspectors and special constables in the 43 territorial police forces in England and Wales. Under UK labour law, the police are prohibited from joining ordinary trade unions to defend pay and working conditions, by the Police Act 1996, because of the view that a police strike would pose an exceptional public safety risk. The PFEW was originally established by the Police Act 1919 as an alternative system, which would serve to represent staff, and where disputes could be resolved through arbitration so long as the government (as employer) continued to bargain in good faith. PFEW represents more than 130,000 members. Members can elect not to pay subscriptions and thereby not receive the legal representation and other benefits that paying members receive, but they still continue officially to be members of the Federation. Superintendents and ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women Police Constables And Non Uniformed Officers 1940 (archive Ref POL-3-11-6-34) (31949811532)
A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female humans regardless of age. Typically, women inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and are capable of pregnancy and giving birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, SRY-gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. A fully developed woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. Women have significantly less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less muscular than men. Througho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Day 63 - Women In Policing (8528664442)
A day is the time period of a full rotation of the Earth with respect to the Sun. On average, this is 24 hours, 1440 minutes, or 86,400 seconds. In everyday life, the word "day" often refers to a solar day, which is the length between two solar noons or times the Sun reaches the highest point. The word "day" may also refer to ''daytime'', a time period when the location receives direct and indirect sunlight. On Earth, as a location passes through its day, it experiences morning, noon, afternoon, evening, and night. The effect of a day is vital to many life processes, which is called the circadian rhythm. A collection of sequential days is organized into calendars as dates, almost always into weeks, months and years. Most calendars' arrangement of dates use either or both the Sun with its four seasons (solar calendar) or the Moon's phasing (lunar calendar). The start of a day is commonly accepted as roughly the time of the middle of the night or midnight, written as 00:00 or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sofia Stanley
Sofia Anne Stanley (28 January 1873 – 24 September 1953) was the first female police officer and the first commander of the Metropolitan Police's Women in law enforcement in the United Kingdom#Entry into the profession, Women Patrols from 1919 to 1922. Biography Early life Stanley was born Sofia Dalgairns in Palermo to the Scottish civil and mechanical engineer, David Croll Dalgairns (1839–1885) and his wife Annie Marie Christine Waygood (1852–1891). Stanley was raised a Presbyterianism, Presbyterian, although converted to High Church Anglicanism as an adolescent. Whilst very young she worked as the headmistress of St. Mary's School, Pune, St Mary's School in Poona and married Henry Johnson Stanley, an engineer for the Madras Railway, at St Mary's Church, Osterley, St Mary's Church in Osterley in November 1899. They had one daughter, Theodora Christine (1902–1986), who became an architect, and later moved to Switzerland by the time of her mother's death. Policing Stanley ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nevil Macready
General Sir Cecil Frederick Nevil Macready, 1st Baronet, (7 May 1862 – 9 January 1946), known affectionately as Make-Ready (close to the correct pronunciation of his name), was a British Army officer. He served in senior staff appointments in the First World War and was the last British military commander in Ireland, and also served for two years as Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis in London. Early life Macready was the son of the prominent actor William Charles Macready. His father was 69 years old at Nevil's birth. His paternal grandfather was William Macready the Elder (1755–1829), a famous Irish actor from Dublin. He was born in Cheltenham and was brought up in the bohemian circles frequented by his parents (his mother, Cecile, was the granddaughter of the painter, Sir William Beechey), and was educated at Marlborough College (for two years, before falling ill) and Cheltenham College. He later claimed that he was far too lazy to pursue an artistic career himself, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Police Review
''Police Review'' (also known as ''Jane's Police Review'') was a weekly magazine for police officers in the United Kingdom, latterly published by Jane's Information Group Jane's Information Group, now styled Janes, is a global open-source intelligence company specialising in military, national security, aerospace and transport topics, whose name derives from British author Fred T. Jane. History Jane's Informat .... The magazine was founded in 1893 as ''The Police Review and Parade Gossip'', aiming to (in its own words) 'cultivate the self-respect of the constabulary of this country, to raise them in the esteem and regard of all their fellow citizens'. Since its foundation, the magazine was published every week without fail, celebrating the appearance of its 6000th issue on 10 October 2008. On 18 November 2011 ''Police Review'' ceased publication in all forms. The publishing director stated: "The magazine has enjoyed a long and rewarding history, providing the UK policing co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Her Majesty's Inspectorate Of Constabulary
His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS), formerly Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC), has statutory responsibility for the inspection of the police forces of England and Wales, and since July 2017 the fire and rescue services of England. HMICFRS is headed by the Chief Inspector of Constabulary and Chief Inspector of Fire & Rescue Services. It has taken over the responsibilities of His Majesty's Fire Service Inspectorate. Inspections may also be made, by invitation only, and on a non-statutory basis, of the Police Service of Northern Ireland and other organisations with policing responsibility. England and Wales In England and Wales, HMICFRS is responsible to the UK Parliament. The first inspectors were appointed under the County and Borough Police Act 1856; current statutory functions are contained in the Police Act 1996 and related legislation. However, the body's principal statutory functions are unchanged since its e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dunning Baronets
The Dunning Baronetcy, of Beedinglee, Lower Beeding, West Sussex, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 24 June 1930 for Leonard Dunning. He was Inspector of Constabulary His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS), formerly Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary (HMIC), has statutory responsibility for the inspection of the police forces of England and Wales, and since ... at the Home Office between 1912 and 1930. Dunning baronets, of Beedinglee (1930) *Sir Leonard Dunning, 1st Baronet (1860–1941) *Sir William Leonard Dunning, 2nd Baronet (1903–1961) *Sir Simon William Patrick Dunning, 3rd Baronet (born 1939) At the present time, there is no heir to the baronetcy. References *Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Baronets, Dunning Dunning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edith Smith (police Officer)
Edith Smith (21 November 1876 – 26 June 1923) was the first female police officer in the United Kingdom with full power of arrest. Early life Edith Smith was born on 21 November 1876, in Oxton, Birkenhead. She was one of six children of nursery and seedman James Smith and his wife Harriet. In 1897 she married stationer and tobacconist William Smith. They had three daughters and a son together. She worked for a time as a sub-postmistress. Her husband died in 1907. The 1911 census shows Smith had moved to London and was training to be a midwife. The daughters were at different schools and the son was in an orphanage near Blackburn. Shortly after this she took up a post as a matron at a nursing home. Police career Founded in 1914, the Women Police Volunteers (WPV) was staffed by volunteers such as Smith. It was founded by Nina Boyle and Margaret Damer Dawson, who fell out over its anti-prostitution role in London and elsewhere in February 1915, with Boyle leaving the organisati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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