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Wired Logic Connection
A wired logic connection is a logic gate that implements boolean algebra (logic) using only passive components such as diodes and resistors. A wired logic connection can create an AND or an OR gate. Limitations include the inability to create a NOT gate, the lack of amplification to provide level restoration, and its constant ohmic heating for most logic (particularly more than CMOS) which indirectly limits density of components and speed. Wired logic works by exploiting the high impedance of open collector outputs (and its variants: open emitter, open drain, or open source) by just adding a pull-up or pull-down resistor to a voltage source, or can be applied to push-pull outputs by using diode logic (with the disadvantage of incurring a diode drop voltage loss). Active-high wired AND connection See also: The wired AND connection is a form of AND gate. When using open collector or similar outputs (which can be identified by the ⎐ symbol in schematics), wired AND only r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logic Gate
A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output. Depending on the context, the term may refer to an ideal logic gate, one that has, for instance, zero rise time and unlimited fan-out, or it may refer to a non-ideal physical device (see ideal and real op-amps for comparison). The primary way of building logic gates uses diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches. Today, most logic gates are made from MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors). ''From Integrated circuit'' They can also be constructed using vacuum tubes, electromagnetic relays with relay logic, fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, acoustics, or even mechanical or thermal elements. Logic gates can be cascaded in the same way that Boolean functions can be composed, allowing the construction of a physical model of all of Boolean logic, and therefore, all o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Morgan's Laws
In propositional calculus, propositional logic and Boolean algebra, De Morgan's laws, also known as De Morgan's theorem, are a pair of transformation rules that are both Validity (logic), valid rule of inference, rules of inference. They are named after Augustus De Morgan, a 19th-century British mathematician. The rules allow the expression of Logical conjunction, conjunctions and Logical disjunction, disjunctions purely in terms of each other via logical negation, negation. The rules can be expressed in English as: * The negation of "A and B" is the same as "not A or not B". * The negation of "A or B" is the same as "not A and not B". or * The Complement (set theory), complement of the union of two sets is the same as the intersection of their complements * The complement of the intersection of two sets is the same as the union of their complements or * not (A or B) = (not A) and (not B) * not (A and B) = (not A) or (not B) where "A or B" is an "inclusive or" meaning ''at least' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boolean Logic
In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the variable (mathematics), variables are the truth values ''true'' and ''false'', usually denoted by 1 and 0, whereas in elementary algebra the values of the variables are numbers. Second, Boolean algebra uses logical operators such as Logical conjunction, conjunction (''and'') denoted as , disjunction (''or'') denoted as , and negation (''not'') denoted as . Elementary algebra, on the other hand, uses arithmetic operators such as addition, multiplication, subtraction, and division. Boolean algebra is therefore a formal way of describing logical operations in the same way that elementary algebra describes numerical operations. Boolean algebra was introduced by George Boole in his first book ''The Mathematical Analysis of Logic'' (1847), and set forth more fully in his ''An Investigation of the Laws of Thought'' (1854). According to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Two Open-emitter Buffers Shared-output
2 (two) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 1 and preceding 3. It is the smallest and the only even prime number. Because it forms the basis of a duality, it has religious and spiritual significance in many cultures. Mathematics The number 2 is the second natural number after 1. Each natural number, including 2, is constructed by succession, that is, by adding 1 to the previous natural number. 2 is the smallest and the only even prime number, and the first Ramanujan prime. It is also the first superior highly composite number, and the first colossally abundant number. An integer is determined to be even if it is divisible by two. When written in base 10, all multiples of 2 will end in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8; more generally, in any even base, even numbers will end with an even digit. A digon is a polygon with two sides (or edges) and two vertices. Two distinct points in a plane are always sufficient to define a unique line in a nontri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logic Level
In digital circuits, a logic level is one of a finite number of states that a digital signal can inhabit. Logic levels are usually represented by the voltage difference between the signal and ground, although other standards exist. The range of voltage levels that represent each state depends on the logic family being used. A '' logic-level shifter'' can be used to allow compatibility between different circuits. 2-level logic In binary logic the two levels are logical high and logical low, which generally correspond to binary numbers 1 and 0 respectively or truth values ''true'' and ''false'' respectively. Signals with one of these two levels can be used in Boolean algebra for digital circuit design or analysis. Active state The use of either the higher or the lower voltage level to represent either logic state is arbitrary. The two options are active high (''positive logic'') and active low (''negative logic''). Active-high and active-low states can be mixed at will: for ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resistance
Resistance may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Comics * Either of two similarly named but otherwise unrelated comic book series, both published by Wildstorm: ** ''Resistance'' (comics), based on the video game of the same title ** ''The Resistance'' (WildStorm), by Justin Gray, Jimmy Palmiotti, and Juan Santacruz * ''The Resistance'' (AWA Studios), an AWA Studios comic book meta series * ''Resistance: Book One'', graphic novel series by Carla Jablonski with art by Leland Purvis and published by First Second Books Fictional characters * Resistance (''Star Wars''), the primary protagonist organization in the Star Wars sequel trilogy *The Resistance, one of two factions in '' Ingress'' Films * ''Resistance'' (1945 film), a 1945 French film * ''Resistance'' (1992 film), a 1992 Australian film * ''Resistance'' (2003 film), a 2003 war film, with Bill Paxton * ''Resistance'' (2011 film), a 2011 war film, with Michael Sheen * ''Resistance'' (2020 film), a 2020 war film, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrical Load
An electrical load is an electrical component or portion of a Electric Circuit, circuit that consumes (active) electric power, such as electrical appliances and Electric light, lights inside the home. The term may also refer to the power Power consumption, consumed by a circuit. This is opposed to a power supply source, such as a Electric battery, battery or Electric generator, generator, which ''provides'' power. The term is used more broadly in electronics for a device connected to a electrical signal, signal source, whether or not it consumes power. If an electric circuit has an output port (circuit theory), port, a pair of terminals that produces an electrical signal, the circuit connected to this terminal (or its input Electrical impedance, impedance) is the ''load''. For example, if a CD player is connected to an amplifier, the CD player is the source, and the amplifier is the load, and to continue the concept, if loudspeakers are connected to that amplifier, then that ampli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pull Up Resistor
In electronic logic circuits, a pull-up resistor (PU) or pull-down resistor (PD) is a resistor used to ensure a known state for a signal. More specifically, a pull-up resistor or pull-down resistor ensures that a wire will have a high logic level or low logic level, respectively, in the absence of a driving signal. It is typically used in combination with components such as switches and transistors, which physically interrupt the connection of subsequent components to ground or to VCC. A closed switch creates a direct connection to ground or VCC, but without a PU or PD, when the switch is open, the rest of the circuit would be left floating (i.e. it would have an indeterminate voltage), which is generally undesirable. For a switch that is used to connect a circuit to ground, a pull-up resistor (connected between the circuit and VCC) ensures a well-defined voltage (i.e. VCC) when the switch is open. For a switch that is used to connect a circuit to VCC (e.g. if the switch is u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diode
A diode is a two-Terminal (electronics), terminal electronic component that conducts electric current primarily in One-way traffic, one direction (asymmetric electrical conductance, conductance). It has low (ideally zero) Electrical resistance and conductance, resistance in one direction and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor diode, the most commonly used type today, is a Crystallinity, crystalline piece of semiconductor material with a p–n junction connected to two electrical terminals. It has an Exponential function, exponential current–voltage characteristic. Semiconductor diodes were the first Semiconductor device, semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery of asymmetric electrical conduction across the contact between a Crystal, crystalline mineral and a metal was made by German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874. Today, most diodes are made of silicon, but other semiconducting materials such as gallium arsenide and germanium are also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diode Logic
Diode logic (or diode-resistor logic) constructs And (logic), AND and Or (logic), OR logic gates with diodes and Resistor, resistors. An active device (vacuum tubes with control grids in History of computing hardware, early electronic computers, then transistors in diode–transistor logic) is additionally required to provide Inverter (logic gate), logical inversion (NOT) for functional completeness and Amplifier, amplification for voltage ''level restoration'', which diode logic alone can't provide. Since voltage levels weaken with each diode logic stage, multiple stages can't easily be cascaded, limiting diode logic's usefulness. However, diode logic has the advantage of utilizing only cheap passive components. Background Logic gates Logic gates evaluate Boolean algebra, typically using electronic switches controlled by logical inputs connected in Series and parallel circuits, parallel or series. Diode logic can ''only'' implement OR and AND, because Inverter (logic gate), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
