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William Graham Greene
Sir William Graham Greene (16 January 1857 – 10 September 1950), known as Sir Graham Greene, was an English civil servant who served as Permanent Secretary to the Admiralty from 1911 to 1917, during the time of the First World War. Greene, was one of the founders of Naval Intelligence in the First World War and still involved in Intelligence in the Second World War. He was born in Takeley, Essex,''1911 England Census'' the son of William Greene, of East Lodge, Bedford, and his wife, Charlotte. He was known as Graham, so as not to be confused with his father, and was the uncle of the celebrated author of the same name, who wrote of memorable childhood summers spent at Sir Graham's home, Harston House. He was also the uncle of Hugh Greene, who served as Director-General of the BBC, and Raymond Greene, the eminent physician and mountaineer. He was educated privately in Germany and at Cheltenham College. Between 1875 and 1879, he worked first as the family brewery in Bury St Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permanent Secretary To The Admiralty
The Permanent Secretary of the Admiralty was the permanent secretary at the Admiralty, the department of state in Great Britain responsible for the administration of the Royal Navy. He was head of the Admiralty Secretariat, later known as the '' Department of the Permanent Secretary''. Although he was not a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, he was as a member of the Board, and did attend all meetings. The post existed from 1702 to 1964. History The office originally evolved from the Assistants to the Secretary of the Admiralty (later called the First Secretary) who were initially only intermittently appointed, being sometimes designated "joint secretary" and sometimes "deputy secretary". Appointments became regular from 1756, and the title of the office was established as Second Secretary to the Admiralty on 13 January 1783. In the 19th century, it increasingly became the case that the First Secretary of the Admiralty was a member of the Government, while the Second Secretary w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Lord Of The Admiralty
The First Lord of the Admiralty, or formally the Office of the First Lord of the Admiralty, was the political head of the English and later British Royal Navy. He was the government's senior adviser on all naval affairs, responsible for the direction and control of the Admiralty, and also of general administration of the Naval Service of the Kingdom of England, Great Britain in the 18th century, and then the United Kingdom, including the Royal Navy, the Royal Marines, and other services. It was one of the earliest known permanent government posts. Apart from being the political head of the Naval Service the post holder was simultaneously the pre-eminent member of the Board of Admiralty. The office of First Lord of the Admiralty existed from 1628 until it was abolished when the Admiralty, Air Ministry, Ministry of Defence, and War Office were all merged to form the new Ministry of Defence in 1964. Its modern-day equivalent is the Secretary of State for Defence. History In 1628 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1950 Deaths
Year 195 ( CXCV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Scrapula and Clemens (or, less frequently, year 948 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 195 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus has the Roman Senate deify the previous emperor Commodus, in an attempt to gain favor with the family of Marcus Aurelius. * King Vologases V and other eastern princes support the claims of Pescennius Niger. The Roman province of Mesopotamia rises in revolt with Parthian support. Severus marches to Mesopotamia to battle the Parthians. * The Roman province of Syria is divided and the role of Antioch is diminished. The Romans annexed the Syrian cities of Edessa and Nisibis. Severus re-establish his he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1857 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * January 9 – The 7.9 Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). * January 24 – The University of Calcutta is established in Calcutta, as the first multidisciplinary modern university in South Asia. The University of Bombay is also established in Bombay, British India, this year. * February 3 – The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, D.C., becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf. * February 5 – The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States is promulgated. * March – The Austrian garrison leaves Bucharest. * March 3 ** France and the United Kingdom for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oswyn Murray (civil Servant)
Sir Oswyn Alexander Ruthven Murray (17 August 1873 – 10 July 1936) was a British civil servant who spent most of his career at the Admiralty, eventually serving as Permanent Secretary from 1917 until 1936. Biography Murray was born in Mill Hill, Middlesex, the fourth son (of eleven children) of schoolmaster James Augustus Henry Murray (1837–1915), later the first editor of the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', and his second wife, Ada Agnes (née Ruthven) (1845–1936). His family moved to Oxford in 1885. Murray was educated at the City of Oxford High School for Boys from 1885 to 1891, before entering Exeter College, Oxford where he won first class honours in classical moderations (1893), '' literae humaniores'' (1895), and jurisprudence (1896). After graduating Murray was initially unsure whether to follow a career in the civil service or as an academic. In January 1897 he passed the higher civil service competitive examination, and was appointed a Class I clerk in the Civi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Inigo Thomas
Sir Charles Inigo Thomas (21 November 1846 – 9 May 1929), known as Sir Inigo Thomas, was an English civil servant who spent his entire career in the Admiralty, serving as Permanent Secretary to the Admiralty from 1907–11. Early life and education Thomas was born in Steyning, Sussex, the fourth son of Freeman Thomas and his wife, Amelia, daughter of Colonel Thomas Frederick. His elder brother Freeman Frederick Thomas, a noted cricketer, was the father of Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, Viceroy of India, and his younger brother was the famed composer Arthur Goring Thomas. He was a cousin of the gardener and artist Francis Inigo Thomas, also known as Inigo. Charles was educated at Marlborough College. Career Thomas entered the Admiralty in 1865, serving successively as private secretary to Rear-Admiral Arthur Hood, Second Sea Lord, and Rear-Admiral Sir John Edmund Commerell, Fourth Sea Lord. He became a principal clerk in 1885 and was put in charge o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridgeshire
Cambridgeshire (abbreviated Cambs.) is a Counties of England, county in the East of England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the north-east, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west. The city of Cambridge is the county town. Following the Local Government Act 1972 restructuring, modern Cambridgeshire was formed in 1974 through the amalgamation of two administrative counties: Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely, comprising the Historic counties of England, historic county of Cambridgeshire (including the Isle of Ely); and Huntingdon and Peterborough, comprising the historic county of Huntingdonshire and the Soke of Peterborough, historically part of Northamptonshire. Cambridgeshire contains most of the region known as Silicon Fen. The county is now divided between Cambridgeshire County Council and Peterborough City Council, which since 1998 has formed a separate Unitary authorities of England, unita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Munitions
The Minister of Munitions was a British government position created during the First World War to oversee and co-ordinate the production and distribution of munitions for the war effort. The position was created in response to the Shell Crisis of 1915 when there was much newspaper criticism of the shortage of artillery shells and fear of sabotage. The Ministry was created by the Munitions of War Act 1915 passed on 2 July 1915 to safeguard the supply of artillery munitions. Under the very vigorous leadership of Liberal party politician David Lloyd George, the Ministry in its first year set up a system that dealt with labour disputes and fully mobilized Britain's capacity for a massive increase in the production of munitions. The government policy, according to historian J. A. R. Marriott, was that: : No private interest was to be permitted to obstruct the service, or imperil the safety, of the State. Trade Union regulations must be suspended; employers' profits must be limited, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Inigo Thomas
Sir Charles Inigo Thomas (21 November 1846 – 9 May 1929), known as Sir Inigo Thomas, was an English civil servant who spent his entire career in the Admiralty, serving as Permanent Secretary to the Admiralty from 1907–11. Early life and education Thomas was born in Steyning, Sussex, the fourth son of Freeman Thomas and his wife, Amelia, daughter of Colonel Thomas Frederick. His elder brother Freeman Frederick Thomas, a noted cricketer, was the father of Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon, Viceroy of India, and his younger brother was the famed composer Arthur Goring Thomas. He was a cousin of the gardener and artist Francis Inigo Thomas, also known as Inigo. Charles was educated at Marlborough College. Career Thomas entered the Admiralty in 1865, serving successively as private secretary to Rear-Admiral Arthur Hood, Second Sea Lord, and Rear-Admiral Sir John Edmund Commerell, Fourth Sea Lord. He became a principal clerk in 1885 and was put in charge o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher
John Arbuthnot Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, (25 January 1841 – 10 July 1920), commonly known as Jacky or Jackie Fisher, was a British Admiral of the Fleet. With more than sixty years in the Royal Navy, his efforts to reform the service helped to usher in an era of modernisation which saw the supersession of wooden sailing ships armed with muzzleloader, muzzle-loading cannon by steel-hulled battlecruisers, submarines and the first aircraft carriers. Fisher has a reputation as an innovator, strategist and developer of the navy rather than as a seagoing admiral involved in major battles, although in his career he experienced all these things. When appointed First Sea Lord in 1904 he removed 150 ships then on active service which were no longer useful and set about constructing modern replacements, developing a modern fleet prepared to meet German Empire, Germany during the First World War. Fisher saw the need to improve the range, accuracy and rate-of-fire of naval gunnery, and be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Palmer, 2nd Earl Of Selborne
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Proto-Germanic ᚹᛁᛚᛃᚨᚺᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ, ''*Wiljahelmaz'' > German ''Wilhelm'' and Old Norse ᚢᛁᛚᛋᛅᚼᛅᛚᛘᛅᛋ, ''Vilhjálmr''). By regular sound changes, the native, inherited English form of the name should b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Goschen, 1st Viscount Goschen
George Joachim Goschen, 1st Viscount Goschen, PC, DL, FBA (10 August 1831 – 7 February 1907) was a British statesman and businessman best remembered for being "forgotten" by Lord Randolph Churchill. He was initially a Liberal, then a Liberal Unionist before joining the Conservative Party in 1893. While Chancellor of the Exchequer, in 1888, he introduced the Goschen formula to allocate funding for Scotland and Ireland. Background, education and business career He was born in London, the son of Wilhelm Heinrich (William Henry) Goschen, who emigrated from Leipzig. His grandfather was the prominent German printer Georg Joachim Göschen. He was educated at Rugby under Tait, and at Oriel College, Oxford, where he took a first in Literae Humaniores. He entered his father's firm of Fruhling & Goschen, of Austin Friars, in 1853, and three years later became a director of the Bank of England. From 1874 to 1880, Goschen was Governor (Company chairman) of the Hudson's Bay Company, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
