White Maiden
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White Maiden
Walna Scar is a hill in the English Lake District, lying just south of a pass of the same name in the Coniston Hills. Its summit at is only slightly higher than the pass. Walna Scar is the highest of Wainwright's '' The Outlying Fells of Lakeland''. He describes an ascent from Coniston, continuing past the main summit to a second summit at White Maiden before returning to the south. Walna Scar can be climbed from Coniston or from the Duddon Valley. Both routes meet at the top pass of the Walna Scar Road, a restricted byway, and then head south to the summit. Walna Scar road was an old packhorse route, termed by Wainwright “the ancient highway over Walna Scar”, and formed an important medieval conduit from Furness Abbey to Coniston for the wooltrade, (as well perhaps as having been used in the Bronze Age). Geologically, Walna Scar contains a rich seam of distinctively striped slate which was quarried until the early 20th century. This was widely used for flooring in t ...
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Lake District
The Lake District, also known as the Lakes or Lakeland, is a mountainous region in North West England. A popular holiday destination, it is famous for its lakes, forests, and mountains (or ''fells''), and its associations with William Wordsworth and other Lake Poets and also with Beatrix Potter and John Ruskin. The Lake District National Park was established in 1951 and covers an area of . It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2017. The Lake District is today completely within Cumbria, a county and administrative unit created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972. However, it was historically divided between three English counties ( Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire), sometimes referred to as the Lakes Counties. The three counties met at the Three Shire Stone on Wrynose Pass in the southern fells west of Ambleside. All the land in England higher than above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. ...
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List Of Hill Passes Of The Lake District
Hill passes of the Lake District were originally used by people in one valley travelling to another nearby without having to go many miles around a steep ridge of intervening hills. Historically, in the Lake District of northwest England, travel on foot or by pony was difficult because of the region's steep-sided valleys so tracks across the ridges were created taking the easiest route over passes – often, but not always, via a col. Since Roman times long-distance travel had tended to be along ridges. From the 19th century these passes and ridge routes were brought back into use when recreational hill walking become popular. Forty hill passes within the Lake District National Park are listed here, using criteria for selecting the major routes. Background The Lake District National Park was created in 1951 covering an area of over and, although its population is only 42,000, over 10 million visitors arrive each year, mostly attracted by the lakes and fells. Geology Abou ...
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Furness Fells
The Furness Fells are a multitude of hills and mountains in the Furness region of Cumbria, England. Historically part of Lancashire, the Furness Fells or High Furness is the name given to the upland part of Furness, that is, that part of Furness lying north of the line between Ulverston and Ireleth. The hills lie largely within the English Lake District. The term ''Furness Fells'' is also sometimes used as a synonym with ''Coniston Fells'', perhaps partly as a result of the placing of the words "Furness Fells" on some Ordnance Survey 1:250 000 maps. The Coniston Fells properly form only part of the Furness Fells, albeit with all the highest mountains; other fells in Furness are of lower altitude. The Coniston Fells form part of the Southern Fells of the Lake District as defined by Alfred Wainwright. Coniston Fells The Coniston Fells are separated from the Scafell and Bowfell massif to their north by Wrynose Pass, and are surrounded on all other sides by lower ground. Coniston ...
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Alfred Wainwright
Alfred Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 – 20 January 1991), who preferred to be known as A. Wainwright or A.W., was a British fellwalker, guidebook author and illustrator. His seven-volume ''Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells'', published between 1955 and 1966 and consisting entirely of reproductions of his manuscript, has become the standard reference work to 214 of the fells of the English Lake District. Among his 40-odd other books is the first guide to the Coast to Coast Walk, a 182-mile long-distance footpath devised by Wainwright which remains popular today. Life Alfred Wainwright was born in Blackburn, Lancashire, into a family which was relatively poor, mostly because of his stonemason father's alcoholism. He did very well at school (first in nearly every subject) although he left at the age of 13. While most of his classmates were obliged to find employment in the local mills, Wainwright started work as an office boy in Blackburn Borough Engineer's Department. He ...
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The Outlying Fells Of Lakeland
''The Outlying Fells of Lakeland'' is a 1974 book written by Alfred Wainwright dealing with hills in and around the Lake District of England. It differs from Wainwright's '' Pictorial Guides'' in that each of its 56 chapters describes a walk, sometimes taking in several summits, rather than a single fell. This has caused some confusion on the part of authors attempting to prepare a definitive list of peaks. The Outlying Fells do not form part of the 214 hills generally accepted as making up the Wainwrights, but they are included in Category 2B of the ''Hill Walkers' Register'' maintained by the Long Distance Walkers Association. The book The first edition was published in 1974 by ''The Westmorland Gazette''. It was republished by Michael Joseph in 1992 () and a second edition, revised by Chris Jesty, was published by the Wainwright Society in 2020 (). The first edition is uniform with the seven volumes of Wainwright's ''Pictorial Guides'', with a yellow band at head and fo ...
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Duddon Valley
The Duddon Valley is a valley in the southern Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. The River Duddon flows through the valley, rising in the mountains between Eskdale and Langdale, before flowing into the Irish Sea near Broughton in Furness. In its lower reaches it is bounded by the Furness Fells and Harter Fell. The part of the valley near the village of Ulpha is marked as "Dunnerdale" on Ordnance Survey maps, and upstream towards the village of Seathwaite is Hall Dunnerdale. The name "Dunnerdale" is often used as a synonym for "Duddon Valley", but people, including Alfred Wainwright, prefer the name "Duddon Valley". He wrote in ''The Southern Fells'', "I ought to mention that I am aware that the Duddon Valley is also properly known as Dunnerdale, a name I haven't used in the book, preferring the former; just as I never refer to Blencathra by its better-known modern name of Saddleback. It's a matter of personal choice.". The "Dunnerdale Fells" are between Brought ...
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Restricted Byway
A byway in the United Kingdom is a track, often rural, which is too minor to be called a road. These routes are often unsurfaced, typically having the appearance of ' green lanes'. Despite this, it is legal (but may not be physically possible) to drive any type of vehicle along certain byways, the same as any ordinary tarmac road. In 2000 the legal term 'restricted byway' was introduced to cover rights of way along which it is legal to travel by any mode (including on foot, bicycle, horse-drawn carriage etc.) but excluding 'mechanically propelled vehicles'. Access rights Byway open to all traffic In England & Wales, a byway open to all traffic (BOAT) is a highway over which the public have a right of way for vehicular and all other kinds of traffic but which is used by the public mainly for the purposes for which footpaths and bridleways are used (i.e. walking, cycling or horse riding (United Kingdom Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984, section 15(9)(c), as amended by Road Traf ...
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Furness Abbey
Furness Abbey, or St. Mary of Furness, is a former Catholic monastery located to the north of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. The abbey dates back to 1123 and was once the second-wealthiest and most powerful Cistercian monastery in the country, behind Fountains Abbey, prior to its dissolution during the English Reformation.History of the abbey
The abbey contains a number of individual Grade I s and is a .


History of the abbey


Early history


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Richard Parkinson (priest)
Richard Parkinson (1797–1858) was an English clergyman, known as a canon of Manchester Cathedral, college principal, theologian and antiquarian. Background The son of John Parkinson, by his wife Margaret Blackburne, he was born at Woodgates, Admarsh, near Lancaster, on 17 September 1797. He was educated at the grammar schools of Chipping, Hawkstead, and Sedbergh, and at St John's College, Cambridge, where he matriculated in December 1815. At Sedbergh he was the last pupil who studied mathematics under John Dawson, and at Cambridge his tutor was Thomas Calvert. He graduated B.A. in 1820, proceeding M.A. in 1824, B.D. in 1838, and D.D. on 10 December 1851. Career On leaving Cambridge in 1820, Parkinson was for a short time master of Lea School, near Preston. He edited the ''Preston Sentinel'', a conservative newspaper, during its one year's existence (1821), and contributed to its successor, the ''Preston Pilot''. In 1823 he was ordained, and became curate of St. Michael' ...
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Andrew Young (poet, Born 1885)
Andrew John Young (29 April 1885 – 25 November 1971) was a Scottish poet and clergyman although recognition of his poetry was slow to develop. Life Andrew Young was born to the stationmaster of Elgin in Scotland in 1885. Two years later his father moved to Edinburgh, where young Andrew attended the Royal High School and later took an arts degree at the University of Edinburgh. The disappearance of his brother David in discreditable circumstances in 1907 so affected him that he gave up his intention to become a barrister and instead studied theology at the local New College. Old habits died hard, however, and his first collection of poems, ''Songs of Night'', a work of Swinburnean aestheticism, was published in 1910 at his father's expense - pillar of the presbytery though he was. Ordained into the United Free Church of Scotland in 1912, Young was appointed two years later to his first ministry in the village of Temple, Midlothian, and married Janet Green, who was lecturi ...
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Brown Pike
Brown Pike is a fell located in the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. Brown Pike is near the village of Coniston, and is most commonly approached from there with walkers often continuing onto Buck Pike, Dow Crag and the Old Man of Coniston. There are two main ways to summit, the first being via a path on the south-western side of the mountain marked on Ordnance Survey , nativename_a = , nativename_r = , logo = Ordnance Survey 2015 Logo.svg , logo_width = 240px , logo_caption = , seal = , seal_width = , seal_caption = , picture = , picture_width = , picture_caption = , formed = , preceding1 = , di ... maps. The second route involves a narrow path along the south slope of the mountain; this route involves some scrambling. Fells of the Lake District {{Cumbria-geo-stub ...
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