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Western Swiss Railways
The Western Switzerland Railways (''Chemins de fer de la Suisse Occidentale'', shortened to ''Suisse-Occidentale''; SO or S-O), were initially a joint operation of three Swiss railway companies, but these companies merged on 1 January 1872. The company was called the Western Switzerland–Simplon Railways (''Chemins de fer de la Suisse Occidentale et du Simplon'', shortened to ''Suisse-Occidentale–Simplon''; SOS or SO-S) from 28 June 1881. The SOS merged with the Bernese Jura Railways (''Chemins de fer du Jura bernois''; JBL) to form the Jura–Simplon Railways (''Compagnie des Chemins de Fer Jura–Simplon''; JS) on 1 January 1890. Association of the Railways of Western Switzerland In the early 1860s, the rail links between Romandy and German-speaking Switzerland were controlled by three railway companies, the West Switzerland Company (''Compagnie de l’Ouest Suisse''; SO), the Franco-Swiss Company (''Franco-Suisse'', FS) and the Lausanne–Fribourg–Bern Railway (''Chemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fleurier23IISOi
Fleurier was a municipality in the district of Val-de-Travers in the canton of Neuchâtel in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Boveresse, Buttes, Couvet, Fleurier, Les Bayards, Môtiers, Noiraigue, Saint-Sulpice and Travers merged to form the administrative district of Val-de-Travers.Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 14 January 2010 The Nobel laureates, physicist and pharmacologist |
Viadukt Le Day
Viadukt is a Croatian civil engineering company, specialised in the areas of bridge, tunnel and road engineering. Other business activities of the company include construction and reconstruction of urban streets. The most significant works performed by the company include: significant sections of the A1, A3 and A5 motorways, a number of motorway viaducts, including Osojnik, Draga, Zečeve Drage, Dobra, Drežnik, Limska Draga etc., as well as Bajer Bridge (a part of the A6 motorway) and Sava River Bridge (a part of the A2 motorway). The company is also employed for execution of the construction works at the Pelješac Bridge. Also, the company has executed a number of significant tunnels, including Tuhobić Tunnel, the longest tunnel on the A6 motorway. Share capital of the company is 137,043,900.00 Croatian kuna and 456,813 shares of the company have been issued. The company is listed at Zagreb Stock Exchange and included in its CROBEX CROBEX is the official share ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Northeastern Railway
The Swiss Northeastern Railway (''Schweizerische Nordostbahn''; NOB) was an early railway company in Switzerland. It also operated shipping on Lake Constance (''Bodensee'') and Lake Zürich. Until the merger of the Western Swiss Railways into the Jura–Simplon Railway (JS) in 1890/91, it was the largest Swiss railway company. History The Swiss Northeast Railway was created on 1 July 1853 by the merger of the Swiss Northern Railway (''Schweizerische Nordbahn''—SNB— informally known as the ''Spanisch Brötli, Spanisch-Brötli-Bahn''), and the Zürich-Lake Constance Railway (''Zürich-Bodenseebahn''). The originally planned continuation of the Northern Railway from Baden, Switzerland, Baden to Basel initially failed due to the different interests of the cantons of Canton of Zürich, Zürich, Canton of Aargau, Aargau and Canton of Basel, Basel. The main initiator of the merger was the Zürich-based businessman Alfred Escher, who previously headed the Zürich-Lake Constance R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Central Railway
The Swiss Central Railway (''Schweizerische Centralbahn''; SCB or S.C.B.) was one of the five major private railway companies of Switzerland. The SCB with a track length of 332 kilometres was integrated into the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) in 1902. History The SCB based in Basel was founded on 4 February 1853 by Johann Jakob Speiser, Achilles Bischoff and Karl Geigy. The shares were mainly owned by Parisian banks. But Basel banks and the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft were also involved. The issue of shares worth Swiss Francs (CHF) 36 million and bonds worth CHF 12 million were planned. Speculation on the Paris stock exchange, however, led to a sharp fall in prices. Thus, the value of the SCB shares fell from CHF 500 to 200 and the share capital finally amounted to only CHF 14.5 million. The cantons of Luzern and Bern and Bernese municipalities rescued the company by buying shares and subsidies totaling CHF 6 million. The main goal of the SCB was the cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Financial Transaction
A financial transaction is an agreement, or communication, between a buyer and seller to exchange goods, services, or assets for payment. Any transaction involves a change in the status of the finances of two or more businesses or individuals. A financial transaction always involves one or more financial asset, most commonly money or another valuable item such as gold or silver. There are many types of financial transactions. The most common type, purchases, occur when a good, service, or other commodity is sold to a consumer in exchange for money. Most purchases are made with cash payments, including physical currency, debit cards, or cheques. The other main form of payment is credit, which gives immediate access to funds in exchange for repayment at a later date. History There is no evidence to support the theory that ancient civilizations worked on systems of barter. Instead, most historians believe that ancient cultures worked on principles of gift economy and debt. In a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss Franc
The Swiss franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is also legal tender in the Italian exclave of Campione d'Italia which is surrounded by Swiss territory. The Swiss National Bank (SNB) issues banknotes and the federal mint Swissmint issues coins. In its polyglot environment, it is often simply referred as german: Franken, french: franc, it, franco and rm, franc. It is also designated through signes: ''Fr'' Some fonts render the currency sign character "₣" (unicodebr>U+20A3 as ligatured Fr, following the German language convention for the Swiss Franc. However, most fonts render the character as F with a strikethrough on the lower left, which is the unofficial sign of French Franc. (in German language), ''fr.'' (in French, Italian, Romansh languages), as well as in any other language, or internationally as ''CHF'' which stands for ''.'' This acronym also serves as eponymous ISO 4217 code of the currency, CHF being used by banks and financial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bond (finance)
In finance, a bond is a type of security under which the issuer ( debtor) owes the holder ( creditor) a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to repay the principal (i.e. amount borrowed) of the bond at the maturity date as well as interest (called the coupon) over a specified amount of time. The interest is usually payable at fixed intervals: semiannual, annual, and less often at other periods. Thus, a bond is a form of loan or IOU. Bonds provide the borrower with external funds to finance long-term investments or, in the case of government bonds, to finance current expenditure. Bonds and stocks are both securities, but the major difference between the two is that (capital) stockholders have an equity stake in a company (i.e. they are owners), whereas bondholders have a creditor stake in a company (i.e. they are lenders). As creditors, bondholders have priority over stockholders. This means they will be repaid in advance of stockholders, but will rank behind s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swiss National Railway
The Swiss National Railway (German: ''Schweizerische Nationalbahn'', SNB) was a railway company in Switzerland. The Swiss National Railway was created in 1875 from the merger of the two companies, the ''Winterthur–Zofingen Railway'' and the ''Zofingen–Singen–Kreuzlingen Railway''. The Winterthur Democratic Party promoted a railway funded by some communities and cantons to build a railway from Lake Constance to Lake Geneva to compete with the Swiss Northeastern Railway (German: ''Schweizerische Nordostbahn'', NOB). This new line across of the Swiss plateau would have bypassed the major economic centres and run through relatively sparsely populated areas. Unfortunately for the SNB, the established railways managed to gain the right to a new railway line concession in order to prevent it from connecting to Zürich as it had planned. In 1878 financial problems forced the SNB's liquidation, and the NOB took over its bankrupt estate for 12.4% of the face value of its shares. The cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fribourg–Yverdon Railway
The Fribourg−Yverdon railway is a single-track standard-gauge line of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) in Romandy. The line is sometimes considered to form one of two lines that intersect at Payerne station and are referred to in French as the ''Ligne de la Broye'' (Broye line) or in German as the ''Broyelinien'' (Broye lines) or ''Broyetallinien'' (Broye valley lines). The Fribourg−Yverdon railway is considered to form the ''Broye transversal''. The Palézieux–Lyss railway includes the ''Broye longitudinal'' (Palézieux–Payerne–Murten–Kerzers). The lines are named after the Broye river, which passes through the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg, crossing the cantonal border ten times in total. History The line was opened in two stages: * 25 August 1876: Payerne–Palézieux * 1 February 1877: Payerne–Yverdon. The line was owned by the Western Swiss Railways (''Chemins de fer de la Suisse Occidentale''), which already operated the Jura Foot Railway via Yverdon and the L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canton Of Bern
The canton of Bern or Berne (german: Kanton Bern; rm, Chantun Berna; french: canton de Berne; it, Canton Berna) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. Its capital city, Bern, is also the ''de facto'' capital of Switzerland. The bear is the heraldic symbol of the canton, displayed on a red-yellow background. Comprising ten districts, Bern is the second-largest canton by both surface area and population. Located in west-central Switzerland, it is surrounded by eleven cantons. It borders the canton of Jura and the canton of Solothurn to the north. To the west lie the canton of Neuchâtel, the canton of Fribourg and canton of Vaud. To the south lies the canton of Valais. East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Lucerne and Aargau. The geography of the canton includes a large share of all three natural regions of Switzerland: the Jura Mountains (the Bernese Jura), the Swiss Plateau (the Bernese Mittelland) and the Alps (th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broye
The Broye (; frp, Brouye''Dictionnaire-Dikchenéro: Français-Patois/Patê-Franché''. Société cantonale des patoisans fribourgeois. Fribourg: 2013. p. 87 ) is a 68 km long river, in the cantons of Fribourg and Vaud, in Switzerland. It has a watershed area of 850 km². Presentation Its source is located in Semsales, in the Fribourgeois/Vaudois Prealps, south-west of Bulle. It flows first south-west along the Fribourgeois/Vaudois Prealps and turns north after 10 km. The direction of the river changes again near Moudon to the north-east. From Payerne, the Broye is running in a large and agricultural valley. The river flows into Lake Morat first, and then into Lake Neuchâtel through the ''Broye canal'' (French: ''Canal de la Broye''). List of Tributaries * The Petite Glâne * The Bressonne * The Lembe * The Arbogne Course *Semsales *Oron * Moudon *Lucens *Payerne * Salavaux *Lake Morat * Sugiez * La Sauge *Lake Neuchatel See also *Swiss plateau The Swiss Pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palézieux–Lyss Railway
The Palézieux–Lyss railway is a single-track standard-gauge line of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) in Romandy. The section south of Kerzers is sometimes considered to form one of two lines that intersect at Payerne station and are referred to in French as the ''Ligne de la Broye'' (Broye line) or in German as the ''Broyelinien'' (Broye lines) or ''Broyetallinien'' (Broye valley lines). The Palézieux–Lyss railway includes the ''Broye longitudinal'' (Palézieux–Payerne–Murten–Kerzers). The Fribourg–Yverdon railway is considered to form the ''Broye transversal'' (Yverdon-les-Bains–Payerne–). The lines are named after the Broye river, which passes through the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg, crossing the cantonal border ten times in total. History The line was opened in two stages: * 12 June 1876: Murten–Kerzers–Lyss, * 25 August 1876: Murten–Palézieux The line between Palézieux and Fräschels was owned by the Western Swiss Railways (''Chemins de fer de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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