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Waiāhole-Waikāne Struggle
The Waiāhole-Waikāne Struggle was an influential anti-eviction movement in the U.S. state of Hawaii during the 1970s. Background After the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893, Lincoln Loy McCandless acquired two hundred acres of land, including the Waiāhole and Waikane, Waikāne valleys. He began building the Waiāhole Ditch in 1913. When it was completed in 1917, it siphoned water from Oahu's rainy windward side to the dry leeward plains, where many Sugar plantations in Hawaii, sugar plantations were. This limited Taro, kalo cultivation by Native Hawaiians and farming by other ethnic groups living in the valleys. Many lived and farmed on land leased from McCandless in a system similar to sharecropping. After McCandless's death, ownership passed to his daughter, Elizabeth Marks. Struggle After Hawaii Admission Act, Hawaii became a state in 1959, Marks decided to partner with developer Joe Pao to develop the valleys as suburbs. After the Land Use Commission denied their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state geographically located within the tropics. Hawaii comprises nearly the entire Hawaiian archipelago, 137 volcanic islands spanning that are physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. The state's ocean coastline is consequently the fourth-longest in the U.S., at about . The eight main islands, from northwest to southeast, are Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lānai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii—the last of these, after which the state is named, is often called the "Big Island" or "Hawaii Island" to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago. The uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands make up most of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, the United States' largest protected ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overthrow Of The Hawaiian Kingdom
The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was a ''coup d'état'' against Queen Liliʻuokalani, which took place on January 17, 1893, on the island of Oahu and led by the Committee of Safety, composed of seven foreign residents and six non-aboriginal Hawaiian Kingdom subjects of American descent in Honolulu. The Committee prevailed upon American minister John L. Stevens to call in the U.S. Marines to protect the national interest of the United States of America. The insurgents established the Republic of Hawaii, but their ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which occurred in 1898. The 1993 Apology Resolution by the U.S. Congress concedes that "the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii occurred with the active participation of agents and citizens of the United States and ..the Native Hawaiian people never directly relinquished to the United States their claims to their inherent sovereignty as a people over their national lands, either through the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lincoln Loy McCandless
Lincoln "Link" Loy McCandless (September 18, 1859 – October 5, 1940) was a United States cattle rancher, industrialist and politician for the Territory of Hawaii. McCandless served in the United States Congress as a territorial delegate. A former member of the Hawaii Republican Party, McCandless was one of the earliest leaders of the Hawaii Democratic Party. Life Born September 18, 1859, in Indiana, Pennsylvania, his mother was Eliza Ann Newman and father Thomas McCartney McCandless. McCandless grew up in Volcano, West Virginia. McCandless moved to Hawaii in 1882 to employ his expertise in oil drilling and mining to construct artesian wells. He joined his younger brothers James S. McCandless (born 1855) who had arrived in 1880, and John A. McCandless (born 1853) who had arrived in 1881, forming the McCandless Brothers family firm. On May 24, 1904, he married Elizabeth Janet Cartwright of New York. McCandless entered political life as a member of the Republic of Hawaii Hou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waikane
Waikāne or Waikane (), also known as North Koolaupoko (), is an area and census-designated place in the County of Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, on the island of Oahu. It had a population of 778 at the 2010 census. In Hawaiian, ''koolau poko'' means "short windward", referring to the fact that this is the shorter of the two windward districts on the island (''Koolauloa'' or "long windward" is the other). Koolaupoko extends from Makapuu Point on the southeast to Kaōio Point on the north. Included within the district, south of North Koolaupoko, are the largest windward towns of Kāneohe, Kailua, and Waimānalo. Waikāne lies mostly along the coastline of Kāneohe Bay and consists of several lush valleys that extend inland to the steep face of the Koolau ''pali'' (cliff). The first valley north of Kahaluu is Waiāhole. Next is Waikāne, then Hakipuu, and northernmost is Kualoa. This area differs from the towns, valleys, and ''ahupuaa'' of the southern part of Koolaupoko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sugar Plantations In Hawaii
Sugarcane was introduced to Hawaiʻi by its first inhabitants in approximately 600 AD and was observed by Captain Cook upon arrival in the islands in 1778.Deerr, 1949 Sugar quickly turned into a big business and generated rapid population growth in the islands with 337,000 people immigrating over the span of a century.Urcia, 1960 The sugar grown and processed in Hawaiʻi was shipped primarily to the United States and, in smaller quantities, globally. Sugarcane and pineapple plantations were the largest employers in Hawaiʻi. Today both are gone, production having moved to other countries. Origins Industrial sugar production started slowly in Hawaiʻi. The first sugar mill was created on the island of Lānai in 1802 by an unidentified Chinese man who returned to China in 1803.Deerr, 1949 The Old Sugar Mill, established in 1835 by Ladd & Co., is the site of the first sugar plantation. In 1836 the first 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg) of sugar and molasses was shipped to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taro
Taro () (''Colocasia esculenta)'' is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Oceanic, and South Asian cultures (similar to yams). Taro is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants. Names and etymology The English term ''taro'' was borrowed from the Māori language when Captain Cook first observed ''Colocasia'' plantations there in 1769. The form ''taro'' or ''talo'' is widespread among Polynesian languages:*''talo'': taro (''Colocasia esculenta'') – entry in the ''Polynesian Lexicon Project Online'' (Pollex). in Tahitian; in < ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native Hawaiians
Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, First Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians) ( haw, kānaka, , , and ), are the indigenous ethnic group of Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaii was settled at least 800 years ago with the voyage of Polynesians from the Society Islands. The settlers gradually became detached from their original homeland and developed a distinct Hawaiian culture and identity in their new isolated home. That included the creation of new religious and cultural structures, mostly in response to the new living environment and the need for a structured belief system through which to pass on knowledge. Hence, the Hawaiian religion focuses on ways to live and relate to the land and instills a sense of communal living as well as a specialized spatial awareness. The Hawaiian Kingdom was formed in 1795, when Kamehameha the Great, of the independent island of Hawaiʻi, conquered the independent islands of Oʻ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharecropping
Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range of different situations and types of agreements that have used a form of the system. Some are governed by tradition, and others by law. The Italian ''mezzadria'', the French ''métayage'', the Catalan '' masoveria'', the Castilian ''mediero'', the Slavic ''połowcy'' and ''izdolshchina'', and the Islamic system of ''muzara‘a'' (المزارعة), are examples of legal systems that have supported sharecropping. Overview Sharecropping has benefits and costs for both the owners and the tenant. Under a sharecropping system, the landowner provided a share of land to be worked by the sharecropper, and usually provided other necessities such as housing, tools, seed, or working animals. Local merchants usually provided food and other supplies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaii Admission Act
The Admission Act, formally An Act to Provide for the Admission of the State of Hawaii into the Union () is a statute enacted by the United States Congress and signed into law by President Dwight D. Eisenhower which dissolved the Territory of Hawaii and established the State of Hawaii as the 50th state to be admitted into the Union. Statehood became effective on August 21, 1959. Hawaii remains the most recent state to join the United States. Hawaii statehood and international law Prior to 1959, Hawaii was an organized incorporated territory of the United States. The territory was established in 1900 by the Hawaiian Organic Act. In 1946, the United Nations listed Hawaii as a non-self-governing territory under the administration of the United States (Resolution 55(I) of 1946-12-14). Also listed as non-self-governing territories under the jurisdiction of the United States were Alaska Territory, American Samoa, Guam, the Panama Canal Zone, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. Stateh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuʻuanu Pali
Nuuanu Pali is a section of the windward cliff (''pali'' in Hawaiian) of the Koolau mountain located at the head of Nuuanu Valley on the island of Oahu. It has a panoramic view of the windward (northeast) coast of Oahu. The Pali Highway ( Hawaii State Highway 61) connecting Kailua/ Kāneohe with downtown Honolulu runs through the Nuuanu Pali Tunnels bored into the cliffside. The area is also the location of the Nuuanu Freshwater Fish Refuge and the Nuuanu Reservoir in the jurisdiction of the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources. The Nuuanu Pali State Wayside is a lookout above the tunnels where there is a panoramic view of Oahu's windward side with views of Kāneohe, Kāneohe Bay, and Kailua. It is also well known for strong trade winds that blow through the pass (now bypassed by the Nuuanu Pali Tunnels). The Nuʻuanu Pali Tunnels were built in 1958. Before this road opened, people would use what is now known as the Old Pali Road, currently a popular hiking route. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of Hawaii
The Supreme Court of Hawaii is the highest court of the Hawaii, State of Hawaii in the United States. Its decisions are binding on all other courts of the Hawaii State Judiciary. The principal purpose of the Supreme Court is to review the decisions of the trial courts in which appeals have been granted. Appeals are decided by the members of the Supreme Court based on written records and in some cases may grant oral arguments in the main Supreme Court chamber. Like its mainland United States counterparts, the Supreme Court does not take evidence and uses only evidence provided in previous trials. The court meets in Aliiolani Hale, Aliiōlani Hale in Honolulu, Hawaii, Honolulu. History The Supreme Court's reported case law dates back to the 1840s and the reign of Kamehameha III, long before Hawaii Newlands Resolution, was annexed by the United States in 1898. Kamehemeha III sought to modernize the Hawaiian Kingdom by rapidly transitioning from indigenous traditions to a new leg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Native Hawaiian Activism
Native Hawaiian activism has a long history. This article lists major movements in Native Hawaiian history, but does not include movements in the Hawaiian Islands conducted by non-indigenous people like the Oʻahu Sugar Strike of 1920. Kūʻē Petitions The Kūʻē Petitions, also known as the Anti-Annexation Petitions, is a collection of signatures from 1897-1898 of Hawaiian subjects who opposed annexation of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi by the United States. The signatures were collected by Hui Hawai‘i Aloha ‘Āina; its members traveled by foot, horseback, and boat from island to island to collect over 21,000 signatures. The petitions, hand-delivered to the United States Senate in Washington, D.C., persuaded members of Congress not to sign a Treaty of Annexation of Hawaiʻi. Kalama Valley The Kalama Valley is located on the east side of Oʻahu, and was owned by Bishop Estate during the protests of the 1970s. The land could be sold and used in any way that allowed for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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