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Wager Medal
Wager can refer to: Gambling * Wager, the amount of a valuable staked when gambling on an event with an uncertain outcome, with the primary intent of winning money or material goods * Legal wager, required by both parties at the preliminary hearing, under the early Roman Republic's ''Legis Actiones'' procedure * Scientific wager, a wager whose outcome is settled by scientific method People with the name *Wager Swayne (1834–1902), American military Governor *Sir Charles Wager (1666–1743), British Admiral *David Wager (1804–1870), New York politician *Gregg Wager (born 1958), American composer *Harold Wager (1862–1929), British botanist *Lawrence Wager (1904–1965), British geologist, explorer and mountaineer *Michael Wager (born 1925), American actor *Tor Wager, American neuroscientist *Walter Wager (1924–2004), American novelist Films * ''The Wager'' (1998 film), a short film * ''The Wager'' (2007 film), a feature film See also * WAGR syndrome WAGR syndrome (also kn ...
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Gambling
Gambling (also known as betting or gaming) is the wagering of something of value ("the stakes") on a random event with the intent of winning something else of value, where instances of strategy are discounted. Gambling thus requires three elements to be present: consideration (an amount wagered), risk (chance), and a prize. The outcome of the wager is often immediate, such as a single roll of dice, a spin of a roulette wheel, or a horse crossing the finish line, but longer time frames are also common, allowing wagers on the outcome of a future sports contest or even an entire sports season. The term "gaming" in this context typically refers to instances in which the activity has been specifically permitted by law. The two words are not mutually exclusive; ''i.e.'', a "gaming" company offers (legal) "gambling" activities to the public and may be regulated by one of many gaming control boards, for example, the Nevada Gaming Control Board. However, this distinction is not u ...
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Legal Wager
In the Roman litigation system, while the ''Legis Actiones'' procedure was in force during the early Republic, both parties had to lay down a wager at the preliminary hearing, probably to discourage frivolous litigation. In some cases, if the party lost, the wager went to the other party, to compensate him for his inconvenience, rather than to the court to cover costs. There were three different types of ''legis actiones'', and the wager differed in each one. Sacramentum The standard procedure for litigation under the ''legis actiones'' system, it was used whenever another procedure was not proscribed by statute. Both parties had to lay down a wager of 50 ''asses'', 500 if the matter under dispute was worth 1000 or more. The wager of the winning party would be returned, but the loser's would be forfeited to the state. While the reasoning lay, in theory, in the idea of a sacrifice to the gods, its main effect was to discourage frivolous litigation since the sums laid down as wagers ...
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Scientific Wager
A scientific wager is a wager whose outcome is settled by scientific method. They typically consist of an offer to pay a certain sum of money on the scientific proof or disproof of some currently-uncertain statement. Some wagers have specific date restrictions for collection, but many are open. Wagers occasionally exert a powerful galvanizing effect on society and the scientific community. Notable scientists who have made scientific wagers include Stephen Hawking and Richard Feynman. Stanford Linear Accelerator has an open book containing about 35 bets in particle physics dating back to 1980; many are still unresolved. Notable scientific wagers * In 1870, Alfred Russel Wallace bet a flat-Earth theorist named John Hampden that he could prove the flat Earth hypothesis incorrect. The sum staked was £500 (equivalent to about £ in present-day terms). A test (now known as the Bedford Level experiment) involving a stretch of the Old Bedford River, in Norfolk, was agreed on: Wallace ...
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Wager Swayne
Wager can refer to: Gambling * Wager, the amount of a valuable staked when gambling on an event with an uncertain outcome, with the primary intent of winning money or material goods * Legal wager, required by both parties at the preliminary hearing, under the early Roman Republic's ''Legis Actiones'' procedure * Scientific wager, a wager whose outcome is settled by scientific method People with the name *Wager Swayne (1834–1902), American military Governor *Sir Charles Wager (1666–1743), British Admiral *David Wager (1804–1870), New York politician *Gregg Wager (born 1958), American composer *Harold Wager (1862–1929), British botanist *Lawrence Wager (1904–1965), British geologist, explorer and mountaineer *Michael Wager (born 1925), American actor *Tor Wager, American neuroscientist *Walter Wager (1924–2004), American novelist Films * ''The Wager'' (1998 film), a short film * ''The Wager'' (2007 film), a feature film See also * WAGR syndrome WAGR syndrome (also kn ...
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Charles Wager
Admiral Sir Charles Wager (24 February 1666 – 24 May 1743) was a Royal Navy officer and politician who served as First Lord of the Admiralty from 1733 to 1742. Despite heroic active service and steadfast administration and diplomatic service, Wager can be criticized for his failure to deal with an acute manning problem. However, in reality, the Royal Navy's numerical preponderance over other navies was greater than at any other time in the century, and its dockyard facilities, overseas bases (Wager was much involved in the development of new bases in the Caribbean), victualling organization, and central co-ordination were by far the most elaborate and advanced. Although British warship design was inferior to French in some respects, the real problem was an insufficiency of the versatile and seaworthy 60-gun ships, a class that Wager's Admiralty had chosen to augment during the 1730s but, as wartime experience would show, not aggressively enough. Early life Born in Rocheste ...
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David Wager
David Wager (March 17, 1804 – July 27, 1870) was an American politician from New York. Life He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Oneida Co.) in 1833 and 1835. He was a member of the New York State Senate (5th D.) from 1836 to 1840, sitting in the 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd and 63rd New York State Legislatures. In 1840, he married Mary Eliza Williams (c. 1811–1904), daughter of Judge Nathan Williams (1773–1835). Their daughter Mary Wager married in 1863 State Senator Alexander T. Goodwin (1837–1899). Wager died on July 27, 1870. David Wager and his wife were buried at the Forest Hill Cemetery, Utica. Gen. Henry Halleck (1815–1872) and Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple Henry Benjamin Whipple (February 15, 1822 – September 16, 1901) was the first Episcopal bishop of Minnesota, who gained a reputation as a humanitarian and an advocate for Native Americans. Summary of his life Born in Adams, New York, he was ... (1822–1901) were his nephews. Referenc ...
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Gregg Wager
Gregg Wager (born September 16, 1958 in Adrian, Michigan) is an American composer, pianist, and music critic. He studied composition at the University of Southern California and the California Institute of the Arts. His teachers included Morton Subotnick and Morten Lauridsen. His piano teachers included Yuriy Oliynyk, Doris Stevenson, and Chester Swiatkowski. In 1996, he earned a Ph.D. in musicology at the Free University Berlin. As a critic, he specializes in contemporary classical music and postmodern music. From 1985 to 1991, he contributed regularly to the ''Los Angeles Times''. In a 2001 article for the New York Times, "Going the Way of the Victrola," Wager advocated for the P2P community and the fall of the importance of the recording studio. Wager's musical influences vary from traditional forms of American and classical music to minimalism, jazz, rock music, and even serialism. He especially is influenced by Karlheinz Stockhausen and the relationships between pitch and t ...
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Harold Wager
Harold William Taylor Wager FRS (11 March 1862 – 17 November 1929) was a British botanist and mycologist. He was the uncle of the geologist Lawrence Rickard Wager. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1904. He was President of the British Mycological Society The British Mycological Society is a learned society established in 1896 to promote the study of fungi. Formation The British Mycological Society (BMS) was formed by the combined efforts of two local societies: the Woolhope Naturalists' Field ... in 1910 and again in 1919. Wager was first a lecturer in botany at the Yorkshire College, then at Victoria University, then later he took the role of an Inspector of Schools for the Board of Education. References External links * 1862 births 1929 deaths Fellows of the Royal Society British botanists British mycologists {{UK-botanist-stub ...
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Lawrence Wager
Lawrence Rickard Wager, commonly known as Bill Wager, (5 February 1904 – 20 November 1965) was a British geologist, explorer and mountaineer, described as "one of the finest geological thinkers of his generation"Vincent and best remembered for his work on the Skaergaard intrusion in Greenland, and for his attempt on Mount Everest in 1933. Early life Wager was born in Batley, Yorkshire, and was the son of Morton Ethelred Wager and Adelina Rickard. Wager attended Hebden Bridge Grammar School, where his father was headmaster. He later lived with his uncle Harold Wager, FRS, a botanist and mycologist, while studying at Leeds Grammar School. He then entered Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he gained a first class degree in geology in 1926. While at Cambridge, he developed an interest in climbing, spending a number of holidays in the Wales, Scotland and the Alps, and serving as president of the university's mountaineering club. He was also, later, identified as one of a number o ...
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Michael Wager
Michael Wager (born Emanuel Weisgal, April 29, 1925December 26, 2011) was an American film and television actor. Wager was born in New York, New York, and nicknamed "Mendy". He was the son of Meyer W. and Shirley (Hirshfeld) Weisgal. He appeared in the war film, ''Hill 24 Doesn't Answer'', and he appeared in a recurring role, as Jonas Roving, on the soap opera ''Ryan's Hope''. One of his roles was Thomas the Apostle in ''King of Kings''. He also appeared in the soap opera ''Search for Tomorrow'' and made TV commercials. Personal life Wager's first marriage was to Mary Jo Van Ingen, December 21, 1948, (divorced, 1955); he later married Susan Blanchard, October 9, 1962, after her divorce from Henry Fonda (divorced, 1970). He had one daughter from his first marriage, and one son from his second marriage. Filmography References External links * *Michael Wagerat the University of Wisconsin A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research ...
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Tor Wager
Tor D. Wager is the Diana L. Taylor Distinguished Professor in Neuroscience at Dartmouth College, as well as the director of the Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory at this university. He is known for his research into the placebo effect and into the way the brain processes pain. Early life and education Wager was raised in Christian Science in Colorado. He received his PhD in 2003 from the University of Michigan in cognitive psychology, with a focus on cognitive neuroscience. As a graduate student there, he spent some time researching brain changes in response to emotions using imaging techniques. Although Wager found the work fascinating, he later decided to study placebos because he wanted to research something that could help patients. He is most recently on the faculty at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. Academic career Wager became an assistant professor of psychology at Columbia University in 2004. In 2010, he became a faculty member at the University of Colo ...
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Walter Wager
Walter Herman Wager (September 4, 1924 – July 11, 2004) was an American crime and espionage-thriller novelist and former editor-in-chief of ''Playbill'' magazine. The movie '' Telefon'', starring Charles Bronson, was inspired by his novel of the same name. His book '' 58 Minutes'' was adapted into ''Die Hard 2'', starring Bruce Willis. Education and career Walter Wager was born in The Bronx, New York City, the son of a doctor and a nurse who had emigrated from the Russian Empire. A 1944 graduate of Columbia College, where he was a member of the Philolexian Society, he went on to a Harvard Law School degree three years later. Passing the bar exams but choosing not to practice, he went on to receive a master's degree in aviation law from Chicago's Northwestern University in 1949, while also serving as an editor of the '' Journal of Air Law and Commerce'', then based in that city. Afterward, he spent a year at the Sorbonne, in Paris, as a Fulbright Fellow. He spent a year in I ...
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