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Women's Steering Committee Of The Directors Guild Of America
Women's Steering Committee of the Directors Guild of America was founded in 1979 by six women members of the Directors Guild of America (DGA). Its purpose was to investigate the employment opportunities and hiring practices of film studios. The founding members, known as the Original Six (directors), Original Six, were Lynne Littman, Susan Bay, Nell Cox, Victoria Hochberg, Joelle Dobrow, and Dolores Ferraro. The members' investigation led them to file a class-action lawsuit against the studios in the 1980s. However, on March 5, 1985, the case was dismissed before there had been any significant legal activity when the judge removed the DGA as the class representative. Despite this legal setback, the Committee over the years was able to increase the employment of women directors from 0.5% in 1985 to 16% in 1995. The members' investigation and lawsuit is referenced and explored in the 2018 documentary film, ''This Changes Everything (2018 film), This Changes Everything''. See also * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Directors Guild Of America
The Directors Guild of America (DGA) is an entertainment guild that represents the interests of film and television directors in the United States motion picture industry and abroad. Founded as the Screen Directors Guild in 1936, the group merged with the Radio and Television Directors Guild in 1960 to become the modern Directors Guild of America. Overview As a union that seeks to organize an individual profession, rather than multiple professions across an industry, the DGA is a craft union. It represents directors and members of the directorial team (assistant directors, unit production managers, stage managers, associate directors, production associates, and location managers (in New York and Chicago)); that representation includes all sorts of media, such as film, television, documentaries, news, sports, commercials and new media. The guild has various training programs whereby successful applicants are placed in various productions and can gain experience working in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Studio
A film studio (also known as movie studio or simply studio) is a major entertainment company or motion picture company that has its own privately owned studio facility or facilities that are used to make films, which is handled by the production company. Most firms in the entertainment industry have never owned their own studios, but have rented space from other companies. There are also independently owned studio facilities, who have never produced a motion picture of their own because they are not entertainment companies or motion picture companies; they are companies who sell only studio space. Beginnings In 1893, Thomas Edison built the first movie studio in the United States when he constructed the Black Maria, a tarpaper-covered structure near his laboratories in West Orange, New Jersey, and asked circus, vaudeville, and dramatic actors to perform for the camera. He distributed these movies at vaudeville theaters, penny arcades, wax museums, and fairgrounds. The first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Original Six (directors)
The Original Six are a group of women directors who created the Women's Steering Committee (WSC) of the Directors Guild of America (DGA). Dolores Ferraro, Joelle Dobrow, Lynne Littman, Nell Cox, Susan Bay Nimoy and Victoria Hochberg formed the Women's Steering Committee of the Directors Guild of America in 1979. They carried out landmark research showing that women held only 0.5% of directing jobs in film and television, which they reported to the Guild, the studios and the press. As a result of the Original Six's research, the Directors Guild of America filed a class-action lawsuit against Warner Brothers and Columbia Pictures in 1983 on the grounds of gender discrimination. On March 5, 1985, the case was dismissed when the judge removed the DGA as the class representative. The risk of legal action, along with pressure from the public and the DGA, was followed by a slow (but not smooth) increase in the number of women directors working in the entertainment industry. Member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lynne Littman
Lynne Littman (born June 26, 1941) is an American film and television director and producer. Her best known work is '' Testament'' (1983) and she has won several awards including an Academy Award for her documentary short film '' Number Our Days'' (1976). Early life and education Littman was born June 26, 1941, in New York City. She attended Music & Art High School"Notable Alumni," Alumni & Friends of LaGuardia High School website. Accessed Oct. 28, 2016. and Sarah Lawrence College, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1962. She also studied at the from 1960 to 1961. Career Littman began her career in the industry by wo ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susan Bay
Susan Linda Bay Nimoy (born March 16, 1943) is an American actress and director. Among her television appearances, she portrayed Admiral Rollman in two episodes of the television series '' Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'': "Past Prologue" in the first season and " Whispers" in the second. Bay was one of the Original Six, a group of women directors who created the Women's Steering Committee of the Directors Guild of America, to protest against gender discrimination in Hollywood. Bay has directed several documentaries, and the American premiere of ''Shakespeare's Will'' (2007). She returned to directing in 2018 with ''Eve'', a film addressing issues of aging and mourning. She wrote the script while grieving for her husband, Leonard Nimoy. Career Acting Bay first appeared in ''The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis'' (TV series, 1963) and ''The Skydivers'' (film, 1963). She appeared in various TV series throughout the 1960s, including episodes of ''Dr. Kildare'' (1964) and ''Perry Mason' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victoria Hochberg
Victoria Greene Hochberg (born December 24, 1952) is an American film and television director and writer. She was one of the Original Six, a group of women directors who created the Women's Steering Committee of the Directors Guild of America, to protest against gender discrimination in Hollywood. Education Victoria Greene Hochberg graduated from Antioch College in 1974 with a Bachelor of Arts in history. Career She directed episodes of ''Doogie Howser, M.D.'', ''The Trials of Rosie O'Neill'', ''Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman'', ''Touched by an Angel'', ''Models Inc.'', '' Melrose Place'', ''Central Park West'', '' Ally McBeal'', '' Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show'', ''Sex and the City'', '' Cold Feet'', ''Tucker'', ''The Chris Isaak Show'', '' State of Grace'', '' Kitchen Confidential'', '' Ghost Whisperer'', ''Notes from the Underbelly'' and ''Reaper''. As well as writing '' I Married a Centerfold'' and four episodes of the series '' Me & Mrs. C.'' Hochberg's 1975 short doc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Class-action Lawsuit
A class action, also known as a class-action lawsuit, class suit, or representative action, is a type of lawsuit where one of the parties is a group of people who are represented collectively by a member or members of that group. The class action originated in the United States and is still predominantly a US phenomenon, but Canada, as well as several European countries with civil law, have made changes in recent years to allow consumer organizations to bring claims on behalf of consumers. Description In a typical class action, a plaintiff sues a defendant or a number of defendants on behalf of a group, or class, of absent parties. This differs from a traditional lawsuit, where one party sues another party, and all of the parties are present in court. Although standards differ between states and countries, class actions are most common where the allegations usually involve at least 40 people who the same defendant has injured in the same way. Instead of each damaged person bring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of California, Los Angeles
The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California State Normal School (now San José State University). This school was absorbed with the official founding of UCLA as the Southern Branch of the University of California in 1919, making it the second-oldest of the 10-campus University of California system (after UC Berkeley). UCLA offers 337 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines, enrolling about 31,600 undergraduate and 14,300 graduate and professional students. UCLA received 174,914 undergraduate applications for Fall 2022, including transfers, making the school the most applied-to university in the United States. The university is organized into the College of Letters and Science and 12 professional schools. Six of the schools offer undergraduate degre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
This Changes Everything (2018 Film)
''This Changes Everything'' is a 2018 American documentary film, directed by Tom Donahue."'This Changes Everything': Film Review , TIFF 2018" '''', September 8, 2018. An examination of in the film industry, the film interviews a variety of actresses and women filmmakers on their experiences in the industry. Featured in the movie is "film direct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arts Organizations Established In 1979
The arts are a very wide range of human practices of creative expression, storytelling and cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both highly dynamic and a characteristically constant feature of human life, they have developed into innovative, stylized and sometimes intricate forms. This is often achieved through sustained and deliberate study, training and/or theorizing within a particular tradition, across generations and even between civilizations. The arts are a vehicle through which human beings cultivate distinct social, cultural and individual identities, while transmitting values, impressions, judgments, ideas, visions, spiritual meanings, patterns of life and experiences across time and space. Prominent examples of the arts include: * visual arts (including architecture, ceramics, drawing, filmmaking, painting, photography, and sculpting), * literary arts (incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Organizations Based In The United States
A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female humans regardless of age. Typically, women inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and are capable of pregnancy and giving birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, SRY-gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. A fully developed woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. Women have significantly less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less muscular than men. Thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Organizations In The United States
A film also called a movie, motion picture, moving picture, picture, photoplay or (slang) flick is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmosphere through the use of moving images. These images are generally accompanied by sound and, more rarely, other sensory stimulations. The word "cinema", short for cinematography, is often used to refer to filmmaking and the film industry, and to the art form that is the result of it. Recording and transmission of film The moving images of a film are created by photographing actual scenes with a motion-picture camera, by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques, by means of CGI and computer animation, or by a combination of some or all of these techniques, and other visual effects. Before the introduction of digital production, series of still images were recorded on a strip of chemically sensitiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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