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Wave Energy
Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or pumping water. A machine that exploits wave power is a wave energy converter (WEC). Waves are generated by wind passing over the sea's surface. As long as the waves propagate slower than the wind speed just above, energy is transferred from the wind to the waves. Air pressure differences between the windward and leeward sides of a wave crest and surface friction from the wind cause shear stress and wave growth. Wave power is distinct from tidal power, which captures the energy of the current caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon. Other forces can create currents, including breaking waves, wind, the Coriolis effect, cabbeling, and temperature and salinity differences. As of 2022, wave power is not widely employed for commercial applications, after a long series of trial projects. Attempts to use this energy began in 1890 or earlier, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wind Wave
In fluid dynamics, a wind wave, water wave, or wind-generated water wave, is a surface wave that occurs on the free surface of bodies of water as a result from the wind blowing over the water surface. The contact distance in the direction of the wind is known as the ''fetch''. Waves in the oceans can travel thousands of kilometers before reaching land. Wind waves on Earth range in size from small ripples, to waves over high, being limited by wind speed, duration, fetch, and water depth. When directly generated and affected by local wind, a wind wave system is called a wind sea. Wind waves will travel in a great circle route after being generated – curving slightly left in the southern hemisphere and slightly right in the northern hemisphere. After moving out of the area of fetch, wind waves are called '' swells'' and can travel thousands of kilometers. A noteworthy example of this is waves generated south of Tasmania during heavy winds that will travel across the Pacif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islay LIMPET
Islay LIMPET was the world's first commercial wave power device and was connected to the United Kingdom's National Grid. History Islay LIMPET (Land Installed Marine Power Energy Transmitter) was developed and operated by Wavegen in cooperation with Queen's University Belfast. Following the construction of a 75 kW prototype in 1991, a 500 kW unit was built in 2000 at Claddach Farm on the Rhinns of Islay on the Scottish island of Islay. The capacity was later downgraded to 250 kW. Technology Islay LIMPET is a shoreline device using an Oscillating Water Column to drive air in and out of a pressure chamber through a Wells turbine. The chamber of the LIMPET is an inclined concrete tube with its opening below the water level. External wave action causes the water level in the chamber to oscillate. This variation in water level alternately compresses and decompresses trapped air above, which causes air to flow backwards and forwards through a pair of contra-rotating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Nicholas Newman
John Nicholas "Nick" Newman (born 10 March 1935) is an American naval architect noted for his contributions to marine hydrodynamics. Together with David Evans, he initiated the ''International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies''. He is also known for his contribution in the development of the wave–structure interaction code WAMIT. He is currently emeritus professor of Naval Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Education and career Newman's degrees (S.B. 1956, S.M. 1957, and Sc.D. 1960) are all from MIT, and were all taken in the field of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. From 1959 to 1967 he worked as a research naval architect at David Taylor Model Basin. In 1967 he moved back to MIT and held a long academic career there. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. In 1992, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim Trondheim ( , , ; sma, Tråante ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Evans (mathematician)
David V. Evans (born 27 October 1940) is a British applied mathematician noted for his contributions to water waves and acoustics. He is the father of British actress Alice Evans. Together with John Nicholas Newman, he initiated the ''International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies''. He is also known for the Bristol cylinder, a wave energy converter. He is currently an emeritus professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Bristol. Evans obtained his BSc in mathematics from the University of Manchester in 1962 and his PhD in 1966 under the supervision of Fritz Ursell. After completing his PhD at the University of Manchester, Evans worked as a post-doc at the Stevens Institute of Technology and MIT before going back to Bristol. The 21st International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies is dedicated to Evans on the occasion of his retirement. Selected publications * * See also *Wave power Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael E
SS ''Michael E'' was a cargo ship that was built in 1941. She was the first British Catapult Aircraft Merchant ship: a merchant ship fitted with a rocket catapult to launch a single Hawker Hurricane fighter to defend a convoy against long-range German bombers. She was sunk on her maiden voyage by a German submarine. Description ''Michael E'' was built by William Hamilton & Co Ltd, Port Glasgow. Launched in 1941, she was completed in May of that year. She was the United Kingdom's first CAM ship, armed with an aircraft catapult on her bow to launch a Hawker Sea Hurricane. The ship was long between perpendiculars ( overall), with a beam of . She had a depth of and a draught of . She was and . She had six corrugated furnaces feeding two 225 lbf/in2 single-ended boilers with a combined heating surface of . The boilers fed a 443 NHP triple-expansion steam engine that had cylinders of , and diameter by stroke. The engine was built by David Rowan & Co Ltd, Glasgow. History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Falnes
Johannes Falnes (born 15 December 1931) is a Professor Emeritus of Experimental Physics at the Department of Physics of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology noted for his contributions to wave energy research. He is one of the pioneers of modern wave energy research. Education Falnes received his master's and doctoral degrees both from the Norwegian Institute of Technology. Career Falnes spent his career at the Norwegian Institute of Technology (1956–1959), CERN (1959–1961), the University of Bergen (1961–1964), the Norwegian Institute of Technology/Norwegian University of Science and Technology (1965–2001), and SINTEF (1966–1972), before retiring in 2002. He is, however, still professionally active. Falnes' main research interest has been ocean wave energy and its utilisation. Together with Kjell Budal, he initiated wave energy research in Norway in the 1970s. Falnes and Budal discovered the so-called antenna effect, where a floating point absorber coul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Salter
Stephen Hugh Salter, (born 7 December 1938) is Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design at the University of Edinburgh and inventor of the eponymous Salter duck wave energy device. Salter is also a proponent of geoengineering and is responsible for creating the concept of the mechanical enhancement of clouds to achieve cloud reflectivity enhancement. The wide tank at the University of Edinburgh—a novel design and invention by Salter, built in 1977—was the world's first multi-directional wave tank equipped with absorbing wavemakers. Feedback control systems on the wavemaking flaps were used for the absorption of reflected waves, propagating along the water surface of the tank interior towards the 89 flaps. Salter is a Specialist Advisor at wave energy company Aquamarine Power advising on the development of the Oyster wave energy converter. Salter "has been one of the leading voices" of the marine cloud brightening movement. Salter's duck While historic references to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1973 Oil Crisis
The 1973 oil crisis or first oil crisis began in October 1973 when the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC), led by Saudi Arabia, proclaimed an oil embargo. The embargo was targeted at nations that had supported Israel during the Yom Kippur War. The initial nations targeted were Canada, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States, though the embargo also later extended to Portugal, Rhodesia and South Africa. By the end of the embargo in March 1974, the price of oil had risen nearly 300%, from US to nearly globally; US prices were significantly higher. The embargo caused an oil crisis, or "shock", with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and the global economy. It was later called the "first oil shock", followed by the 1979 oil crisis, termed the "second oil shock". Background Arab-Israeli conflict Ever since the recreation of the State of Israel in 1948 there has been Arab–Israeli conflict in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yoshio Masuda
Yoshio Masuda (died 2009) was a former Japanese naval commander, regarded as the father of modern wave power technology. Among other devices, the now used principle of Oscillating Water Column is regarded as his invention. It was initially used for small-scale navigation buoys. See also *Wave power Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or pumping water. A machine that exploits wave power is a wave energy converter (WEC). Waves are generated by wind p ... References Japanese military personnel Wave power 2009 deaths Year of birth missing {{japan-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royan
Royan (; in the Saintongeais dialect; oc, Roian) is a commune and town in the south-west of France, in the department of Charente-Maritime in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its inhabitants are known as ''Royannais'' and ''Royannaises''. Capital of the Côte de Beauté, Royan is one of the main French Atlantic coastal resort towns, and has five beaches, a marina for over 1,000 boats, and an active fishing port. As of 2013, the population of the greater urban area was 48,982. The town had 18,393 inhabitants in 2015. Royan is located on the peninsula of Arvert, at the mouth of the Gironde estuary on its eastern shore. Royan was once of strategic importance, coveted in particular by the Visigoths and the Vikings. During the Reformation the city became a Protestant stronghold, and was besieged and destroyed by King Louis XIII of France (ruled 1610-43). During the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830), and especially during the Second Empire (1852–1870), Royan was celebrated for it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre-Simon Girard
Pierre-Simon Girard (4 November 1765 – 30 November 1836) was a French mathematician and engineer, who worked on fluid mechanics. Girard was born in Caen. A prodigy who invented a water turbine at the age of ten, he worked as an engineer at the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées. He was in charge of planning and construction of the Amiens canal and the Ourcq canal. He collaborated with Gaspard de Prony on the ''Dictionnaire des Ponts et Chaussées'' (Dictionary of Bridges and Highways, 1787). He wrote on fluids, and in 1798 he published a monograph, ''Traité analytique de la résistance des solides'' on beam theory, including possibly its first history, within the topic of strength of materials. The complicated beam equations were not of practical much use, since he applied Euler's non-linear theory. In 1799, he and other engineers and scientists accompanied Napoleon on his expedition to Egypt. He died in Paris, aged 71. Important works The 1798 monograph ''Traite An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aguçadoura Wave Park
Aguçadoura is a Portuguese ''freguesia'' ("civil parish") and former civil parish located in Póvoa de Varzim. In the census of 2001, it had a population of 4,530 inhabitants and a total area of 3.47 km2. A 2013 law amalgamated it into the new União das Freguesias de Aguçadoura e Navais. The name of Aguçadoura derives from "''petra aguzadoira''" (sharp stone or stone to sharp farming tools). History Aguçadoura is the newest parish of Póvoa de Varzim; it was created on October 14 of 1933, when it separated from the parish of Navais, to which it always belonged. The first reference to the place appears in 1258: ''in Petra Aguzadoira que est in termino de Nabaes''. The inhabitants had a difficult time settling in the area, and it was only constituted by sand dunes that were constantly blown by the wind. Only in the 18th century, the settlement gained some importance and, in 1730, there were already 25 families, and in middle of the 19th century its population was greater t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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