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Vuillermin (grape)
Vuillermin () is a red Italian wine grape variety grown along the border of Switzerland in the Aosta Valley of northwest Italy. First documented under the name Vuillermin in 1890, the grape was virtually extinct until it was discovered by ampelographers at the Institut Agricole Régional of Aosta growing in isolated vineyards in communes of Châtillon and Pontey.J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 1154 Allen Lane 2012 History In 1838, Italian ampelographer Lorenzo Gatta documented the wine grapes growing in the Aosta Valley of which he included a grape known as Spron (or Eperon). In 1999, ampelographer Giulio Moriondo noted the similarities in the description of the Spron/Eperon grape and Vuillermin and speculated that the two grapes may be the same variety. The first documented mention of the grape under the name Vuillermin was in 1890 by L. N. Bich in the ''Bulletin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Wine
Italian wine is produced in every region of Italy. Italy is the world's largest producer of wine, with an area of under vineyard cultivation, and contributing a 2013–2017 annual average of 48.3 million hl of wine. In 2018 Italy accounted for 19 per cent of global production, ahead of France (17 per cent) and Spain (15 per cent). Italian wine is both exported around the world and popular domestically among Italians, who consume an average of 42 litres per capita, ranking fifth in world wine consumption. The origins of vine-growing and winemaking in Italy has been illuminated by recent research, stretching back even before the Phoenician, Etruscans and Greek settlers, who produced wine in Italy before the Romans planted their own vineyards. The Romans greatly increased Italy's viticultural area using efficient viticultural and winemaking methods. History Vines have been cultivated from the wild ''Vitis vinifera'' grape for millennia in Italy. It was previously believed that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propagate (vine)
The propagation of grapevines is an important consideration in commercial viticulture and winemaking. Grapevines, most of which belong to the ''Vitis vinifera'' family, produce one crop of fruit each growing season with a limited life span for individual vines. While some centenarian old vine examples of grape varieties exist, most grapevines are between the ages of 10 and 30 years. As vineyard owners seek to replant their vines, a number of techniques are available which may include planting a new cutting that has been selected by either clonal or mass (massal) selection. Vines can also be propagated by grafting a new plant vine upon existing rootstock or by layering one of the canes of an existing vine into the ground next to the vine and severing the connection when the new vine develops its own root system.Wine & Spirits Education Trust ''"Wine and Spirits: Understanding Wine Quality"'' pp. 2-5, Second Revised Edition (2012), London . In commercial viticulture, grapevines a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valle D'Aosta (DOC)
The Valle d'Aosta DOC (or Vallée d'Aoste DOC, in French) is an Italian ''denominazione di origine controllata'' located in the Aosta Valley of northwest Italy. Surrounded by the Alps, the Valle d'Aosta is home to the highest elevated vineyards in all of Europe. The principal winemaking region of the Valle d'Aosta is found along the eastern banks of the Dora Baltea ( fr., ''Doire baltée'') river with the city of Aosta serving as the central winemaking location. The region is divided into three main vineyard areas; the upper valley, Valdigne, the central valley (locally ''Valle centrale'' in Italian, ''Vallée centrale'' in French) and the lower valley, (locally ''Bassa valle'' in Italian, ''Basse vallée'' in French). To the south is the winemaking region of Piedmont. The Valle d'Aosta is Italy's smallest winemaking region both in terms of size and production with only about 330,000 cases produced annually in the region and only 36,000 cases produced under the DOC label. Seventy f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denominazione Di Origine Controllata
The following four classifications of wine constitute the Italian system of labelling and legally protecting Italian wine: * ''Denominazione di origine'' (DO, rarely used; ; English: “designation of origin”), * ''Indicazione geografica tipica'' (IGT; ; “indication of geographical typicality”), * ''Denominazione di origine controllata'' (DOC; ; “controlled designation of origin”), and * ''Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita'' (DOCG; ; “controlled and guaranteed designation of origin”). The system was introduced in 1963 shortly after the Treaty of Rome established Italy as a founding member of the European Economic Community, and was modelled on the extant French ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) laws. It was overhauled in 1992 to match new European Union law on Protected Designation of Origin, introducing the more general ''Denominazione di Origine Protetta'' (DOP) designation for foods and agricultural products, including wines. Further EU ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varietal
A varietal wine is a wine made primarily from a single named grape variety, and which typically displays the name of that variety on the wine label.The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, 2000.winepros.com.au. Examples of grape varieties commonly used in varietal wines are Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay and Merlot. Wines that display the name of two or more varieties on their label, such as a Chardonnay-Viognier, are ''blends'' and not varietal wines. The term is frequently misused in place of vine variety; the term ''variety'' refers to the vine or grape, while ''varietal'' refers to the wine produced by a variety. The term was popularized in the US by Maynard Amerine at the University of California, Davis after Prohibition seeking to encourage growers to choose optimal vine varieties, and later promoted by Frank Schoonmaker in the 1950s and 1960s, ultimately becoming widespread during the California wine boom of the 1970s. Varietal wines are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarre, Aosta Valley
Sarre ( Valdôtain: ; Issime wae, Soaru) is a town and '' comune'' in the Aosta Valley region of north-western Italy. Twin towns — sister cities Sarre is twinned Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to: * In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so; * Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning * Twinning inst ... with: * La Turbie, France References Cities and towns in Aosta Valley {{Aosta-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chambave
Chambave ( Valdôtain: or ; Issime wae, Tschambuvu) is a town and ''comune'' in the Aosta Valley region of northwestern Italy. The communal territory is crossed by the Dora Baltea (french: Doire baltée). Wine Growers in Chambave produce several Italian wines under the Valle d'Aosta DOC including a rosso, sweet wine Muscat and a straw wine.P. Saunders ''Wine Label Language'' pp. 211-212 Firefly Books 2004 *Chambave rouge - Must contain a minimum of 60% Petit Rouge with Dolcetto, Gamay and Pinot noir making up the rest of the blend. Beyond the Vallée d'Aoste DOC requirement, grapes destined for Chambave rouge must be harvested to a more limited maximum yield of 10 tonnes/ha and be fermented to a minimum 11% alcohol with the six months of aging taking place in wood (usually oak) barrels. *Muscat de Chambave - Sweet white made from the Muscat de Chambave grape. Harvested to a maximum yield of 10 tonnes/ha and fermented to a minimum alcohol level of 11% with three months agi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Growing Seasons (vine)
The annual growth cycle of grapevines is the process that takes place in the vineyard each year, beginning with bud break in the spring and culminating in leaf fall in autumn followed by winter dormancy. From a winemaking perspective, each step in the process plays a vital role in the development of grapes with ideal characteristics for making wine. Viticulturalists and vineyard managers monitor the effect of climate, vine disease and pests in facilitating or impeding the vine's progression from bud break, flowering, fruit set, veraison, harvesting, leaf fall and dormancy-reacting if need be with the use of viticultural practices like canopy management, irrigation, vine training and the use of agrochemicals. The stages of the annual growth cycle usually become observable within the first year of a vine's life. The amount of time spent at each stage of the growth cycle depends on a number of factors-most notably the type of climate (warm or cool) and the characteristics of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ripe (vine)
In viticulture, ripeness is the completion of the ripening process of wine grapes on the vine which signals the beginning of harvest. What exactly constitutes ripeness will vary depending on what style of wine is being produced ( sparkling, still, fortified, '' rosé'', dessert wine, etc.) and what the winemaker and viticulturist personally believe constitutes ripeness. Once the grapes are harvested, the physical and chemical components of the grape which will influence a wine's quality are essentially set so determining the optimal moment of ripeness for harvest may be considered the most crucial decision in winemaking.J. Cox ''"From Vines to Wines"'' Fourth Edition, pg 97-106 Storey Publishing 1999 There are several factors that contribute to the ripeness of the grape. As the grapes go through ''veraison'', sugars in the grapes will continue to rise as acid levels fall. The balance between sugar (as well as the potential alcohol level) and acids is considered one of the most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fumin (grape)
Fumin is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown primarily in the Valle d'Aosta region of northwest Italy. According to wine expert Jancis Robinson, the grape is "tough" and used primarily as a blending grape in the ''Denominazione di origine controllata The following four classifications of wine constitute the Italian system of labelling and legally protecting Italian wine: * ''Denominazione di origine'' (DO, rarely used; ; English: “designation of origin”), * ''Indicazione geografica tipic ...s'' (DOCs) of the region.J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 72 Oxford University Press 1996 The grape is one of the parent varieties of the Aosta wine grape Vuillermin.J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 1154 Allen Lane 2012 References Red wine grape varieties {{wine-grape-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DNA Analysis
Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure. Genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as RNA analysis as an output of gene expression, or through biochemical analysis to measure specific protein output. In a medical setting, genetic testing can be used to diagnose or rule out suspected genetic disorders, predict risks for specific conditions, or gain information that can be used to customize medical treatments based on an individual's genetic makeup. Genetic testing can also be used to determine biological relatives, such as a child's biological parentage (genetic mother and father) through DNA paternity testing, or be used to broadly predict an individual's ancestry. Genetic testing of plants and animals can be used for similar reasons as in humans (e.g. to assess relatedness/ancestry or predict/diagnose genetic disorders), to gain information used for selective breeding, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
