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Vistulan Dialect
The Vistulan dialect (german: Dialekt des Weichselgebietes, lit=dialect of the Vistula region) was a dialect of Low Prussian, which belongs to Low German. The dialect was spoken in West Prussia, today in Poland. It had a border to Mundart der Weichselwerder. It was spoken around Jezioro Żarnowieckie (''Zarnowitzer See''), Gdańsk (''Danzig'') and Grudziądz (''Graudenz''). Geography It was geographically close to a transitional area of East Pomeranian dialect and Low Prussian, which is part of East Pomeranian. The transitional area would end at about Chojnice (''Konitz''). Other places within this area included Bytów (''Bütow''), Lębork (''Lauenburg''), Bydgoszcz (''Bromberg'') and Toruń (''Thorn''). Within Low German in West Prussia, there was a major bundle of isoglosses in roughly the line Brodnica-Gardeja-Nowe and continuing somewhere between Kościerzyna and Chojnice. Phonology In Gdańsk, it had High German ''a'' as ''ǫ'' before l in words such as ''ǫl'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin. Poland has a temperate transitional climate and its territory traverses the Central European Plain, extending from Baltic Sea in the north to Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south. The longest Polish river is the Vistula, and Poland's highest point is Mount Rysy, situated in the Tatra mountain range of the Carpathians. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. It also shares maritime boundaries with Denmark and Sweden. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bytów
Bytów (; csb, Bëtowò; formerly german: Bütow ) is a town in the Gdańsk Pomerania region of northern Poland with 16,730 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is the capital of Bytów County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. The origins of Bytów can be traced back to the early Middle Ages when a fortified stronghold once stood near the town. In 1346 as ''Bütow'' it obtained Chełmno town rights from the Teutonic Order, which controlled it since 1329. During the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466), the town was the site of heavy fighting and changed hands over time. Eventually, King Casimir IV Jagiellon granted the town to Eric II, Duke of Pomerania, as a perpetual fiefdom. After the Partitions of Poland, Bytów became part of the Kingdom of Prussia and later also Germany, within which it remained until the end of World War II. At the final stages of the war, Bytów was the center of heavy artillery shelling initiated by the Red Army, resulting in more than 55% of the buildings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kowalewo Pomorskie
Kowalewo Pomorskie (german: Schönsee) is a town in north-central Poland, in Golub-Dobrzyń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is the capital of the Gmina Kowalewo Pomorskie. According to data from December 31, 2004, Kowalewo Pomorskie had 4,130 inhabitants. History The name Kowalewo can be roughly translated as the "place of a smith". The town was arranged into a rectangular shape, with a typical Central European marketplace. During the times of the Teutonic Knights, Kowalewo was privileged to have its own coat of arms, which represented two red fish on a white background. The coat of arms was modified over the centuries, with one red fish being retained. In the beginning, the town's commander was Rudolf Kowalewo, who owned 1,000 serfs. The town joined the Prussian Confederation, which opposed Teutonic rule, and upon the request of which King Casimir IV Jagiellon reincorporated the territory to the Kingdom of Poland in 1454. In May 1454 the town pledged allegian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pastwa
Pastwa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kwidzyn, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Kwidzyn and south of the regional capital Gdańsk. History In 1854 a Mennonite congregation was founded in Pastwa, it effectively ended in 1914 with the start of the First World War, before then many of the village's Mennonite inhabitants fled to Russia and later Latin America to avoid the draft, and many have remained to this day. The area bordered the Polish corridor to the West from 1918 to 1939. During the Invasion of Poland, a small garrison was placed in the village who joined the attack on Gniew. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania The history of Pomerania starts shortly before 1000 AD with ongoing conquests by newly arrived Polans rulers. Before that, the area was recorded nearly 2000 years ago as Germania, and in modern-day times Pomerania is split between Germany and Po .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sporowo
Sporowo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Gronowo Elbląskie, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Gronowo Elbląskie, west of Elbląg, and west of the regional capital Olsztyn Olsztyn ( , ; german: Allenstein ; Old Prussian: ''Alnāsteini'' * Latin: ''Allenstenium'', ''Holstin'') is a city on the Łyna River in northern Poland. It is the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, and is a city with county rights. .... References Sporowo {{Elbląg-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudniki, Kwidzyn County
Rudniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ryjewo, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Ryjewo, north of Kwidzyn, and south of the regional capital Gdańsk. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania The history of Pomerania starts shortly before 1000 AD with ongoing conquests by newly arrived Polans rulers. Before that, the area was recorded nearly 2000 years ago as Germania, and in modern-day times Pomerania is split between Germany and Pol .... References Rudniki {{Kwidzyn-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chortitza Colony
Chortitza Colony was a volost Yekaterinoslav Governorate granted to Plautdietsch-speaking Russian Mennonite for colonization northwest of Khortytsia Island and is now part of Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. Chortitza was founded in 1789 by Mennonite settlers of Dutch ancestry from the Vistula delta and consisted of many villages. It was the first of many Mennonite settlements in the Russian Empire. Because the Mennonites living in these villages emigrated or were evacuated or deported at the end of World War II, or emigrated after the collapse of the Soviet Union no Mennonites are living there today. Background Vistula delta Mennonites, mostly of Dutch descent, had lived in the Vistula delta in the Kingdom of Poland from the middle of 16th century. Because of their fast growing population, finding more arable land was a concern. When the region became part of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1772 through the First Partition of Poland, the Prussian Government enacted a law making it difficult f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teutonic Order
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals. Its members have commonly been known as the Teutonic Knights, having a small voluntary and mercenary military membership, serving as a crusading military order for the protection of Christians in the Holy Land and the Baltics during the Middle Ages. Purely religious since 1810, the Teutonic Order still confers limited honorary knighthoods. The Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Order, a Protestant chivalric order, is descended from the same medieval military order and also continues to award knighthoods and perform charitable work. Name The name of the Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem is in german: Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus der He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walther Mitzka
Walther is a masculine given name and a surname. It is a German form of Walter, which is derived from the Old High German ''Walthari'', containing the elements ''wald'' -"power", "brightness" or "forest" and ''hari'' -"warrior". The name was first popularized by the famous epic German hero Walther von Aquitaine and later with the Minnesänger Walther von der Vogelweide. Given name * Walther Bauersfeld (1879–1959), German engineer who built the first projection planetarium * Walther Bothe (1891–1957), German nuclear physicist and Nobel laureate * Walther von Brauchitsch (1881–1948), German World War II field marshal * Walther Dahl (1916–1985), German World War II flying ace * Walther von Dyck (1856–1934), German mathematician * Walther Flemming (1843–1905), German biologist and a founder of cytogenetics * Walther Funk (1890–1960), economist and Nazi official convicted of war crimes in the Nuremberg Trials * Walther Hahm (1894–1951), German World War II general * W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kościerzyna
Kościerzyna ( Kashubian and Pomeranian: ''Kòscérzëna''; formerly german: Berent, ) is a town in Kashubia in Gdańsk Pomerania region, northern Poland, with some 24,000 inhabitants. It has been the capital of Kościerzyna County in Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999; previously it was in Gdańsk Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998. Geographical location Kościerzyna is in Gdańsk Pomerania, approximately south-west of Gdańsk and Tricity and south-west of Kaliningrad, at a height of above sea level. History The history of the town dates back to the end of the 13th century. The oldest known mention comes from a document from 1284. In 1346 it was granted municipal rights, and in 1398 the settlement obtained the status of a town. The town's name comes from the Old Polish word ''kościerz'', which means "thicket". Kościerzyna was part of medieval Poland, until, in 1310, it was annexed by the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights. After the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), the to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gardeja
Gardeja (formerly ) is a village in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Gardeja. It had been a town during the time span 1334–1945. Geographical location Gardeja lies approximately south of Kwidzyn and south of the regional capital of Gdańsk. The village is located between two little lakes on the road from Kwidzyn to Grudziądz. History Gardeja is the location of an old medieval pre-Christian stronghold. A Cistercian monastery was founded there in the late 13th century. A little while later, on October 4, 1334, the town was founded in the immediate vicinity of the village by Bertold von Riesenburg, Bishop of Pomesania; it was called ''Garzanum'' in the document of foundation.Jacobson: ''Beitrag zur Geschichte der Preußischen Klöster – Über die Klöster des Cistercienserordens'', in: ''Neues allgemeines Archiv für die Geschichtskunde des preußischen Staates'' (Leopold von L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brodnica
Brodnica (german: Strasburg in Westpreußen or Strasburg an der Drewenz) is a town in northern Poland with 28,574 inhabitants . It is the seat of Brodnica County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The nearby Brodnica Landscape Park, a protected area, gets its name from Brodnica. Brodnica is the capital of the district whose present quarter Michałowo, a settlement mentioned as early as in 1138 and then in 1240 as castrum Michałowo, hides relics from Neolithic era. As it is confirmed in old documents Michałowo was the capital of the Masovian Castellany. The town was chosen owing to its good position on the Drwęca (on the trade route leading from Masovia to Prussia) and a customs house between Dobrzyń and Chełmno Land (mentioned in 1252). History The first reference to the town of Brodnica dates from 1263. In 1285–1370 the construction of the Gothic Church of St. Catherine took place. Brodnica received town privileges in 1298. In 1414, a Polish–Teutonic truce was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
