|
Vilhelm Garf
Vilhelm Evgenievich Garf (January 3, 1885 – August 22, 1938) was a Russian and Soviet military leader of German-Latvian descent, Colonel of the General Staff of the Russian Empire. He fought in the First World War, was a member of the Civil War as part of the Red Army, an Officer of the General Staff of the RIA, later - the General Headquarters of the Red Army of the highest service category, division commander and head of the Telecommunications Academy. V.N. Podbelsky. Later he was a victim of political repression in the USSR. He belonged to a German-Baltic noble family and was an evangelical Lutheran. His name appeared on the death list of 20 August 1938 which was signed by Joseph Stalin and Vyacheslav Molotov, alongside komkor Vladimir Gittis. He was convicted that day by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union of espionage and sentenced to death. He was executed two days later at Kommunarka. Biography Born in Grodno (now the Republic of Belarus), the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grodno
Grodno (russian: Гродно, pl, Grodno; lt, Gardinas) or Hrodna ( be, Гродна ), is a city in western Belarus. The city is located on the Neman River, 300 km (186 mi) from Minsk, about 15 km (9 mi) from the Polish border and 30 km (19 mi) away from Lithuania. In 2019 the city had 373,547 inhabitants. Grodno is the capital of Grodno Region and Grodno District. Alternative names In Belarusian Classical Orthography (Taraškievica) the city is named as (Horadnia). In Latin it was also known as (), in Polish as , in Lithuanian as , in Latvian as , in German as , and in Yiddish as (Grodne). History The modern city of Gordno originated as a small fortress and a fortified trading outpost maintained by the Rurikid princes on the border with the lands of the Baltic tribal union of the Yotvingians. The first reference to Grodno dates to 1005.word The official foundation year is 1127. In this year Grodno was mentioned in the Primary Chronicle as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Collegium Of The Supreme Court Of The Soviet Union
The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union (Russian: Военная коллегия Верховного суда СССР, ''Voennaya kollegiya Verkhovnogo suda SSSR'') was created in 1924 by the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union as a court for the higher military and political personnel of the Red Army and Fleet. In addition it was an immediate supervisor of military tribunals and the supreme authority of military appeals. During 1926–1948 the Chairman of the Collegium was Vasiliy Ulrikh. The role of the Military Collegium drastically changed after June 1934, when it was assigned the duty to consider cases that fell under Article 58, counter-revolutionary activity. During the Great Purge of 1937–1938 the Military Collegium tried relatively prominent figures, usually based on the lists approved personally by Joseph Stalin, the majority of Article 58 cases having been processed extrajudicially by NKVD troikas. In particular, the Military Collegium c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Matiyasevich
Mikhail Stepanovich Matiyasevich (Matiasevich) (Smolensk, May 23 une 41878 – Kyiv, August 5, 1941) was a Soviet military commander, who commanded several military units of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. Biography From the nobility of the Smolensk province, he fought in the Russo-Japanese War, as a lieutenant in the 220th Infantry Regiment. In the First World War, he fought on the Western and Northern fronts. He was wounded four times. Having become a Colonel in July 1916, he commanded the 717th Infantry Regiment. In the days of the October Revolution he was unanimously elected by the soldiers as commander of the Regiment. In February 1918 he was demobilized and apparently for ideological reasons, he voluntarily joined the Red Army in April 1918. He fought in the Russian civil war of 1918–1920, first at the head of the 1st Smolensk Infantry Division, then as commander of the right group of the 5th Army around Kazan and between November 14, 1918, and April 1919 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Olderogge
Vladimir Alexandrovich Olderogge (August 5, 1873 – May 27, 1931) was a Russian and Soviet military leader. He was commander of the Eastern Front of the Red Army. Biography Olderogge was born July 24 (August 5), 1873 in Lublin to a Lutheran family. He was a descendant of a Danish officer who entered the Russian service under Peter the Great. He graduated from the First Cadet Corps (1890) and the 2nd Military Konstantinovsky School (1894), from where he was released as second lieutenant to the 29th Chernigov Infantry Regiment. The Finnish Regiment was later transferred to the Life Guards. In 1901 he graduated from the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff in the first category, then was a member of the Kiev Military District. Since November 26, 1901, he was a senior adjutant to the headquarters of the 2nd combined Cossack division. The censored command of the company from October 25, 1902, to October 25, 1903, served in the 74th Infantry Regiment of Stavropol. He took part in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Frunze
Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze (russian: Михаил Васильевич Фрунзе; ro, Mihail Frunză; 2 February 1885 – 31 October 1925) was a Bolshevik leader during and just prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917. Born in the modern-day Kyrgyz Republic, he became active with the Bolsheviks and rose to the rank of a major Red Army commander in the Russian Civil War of 1917–1918. He is best known for defeating Baron Peter von Wrangel in Crimea. The capital of the Kirghiz SSR (modern Bishkek) was named in his honor from 1926 until 1991, when the Soviet Union was dissolved. Life and political activity Frunze was born in 1885 in Pishpek (now Bishkek in Kyrgyzstan), then a small Imperial Russian garrison town in the Kyrgyz part of Russian Turkestan (Semirechye Oblast). His father was a Bessarabian Romanian para-medic (feldsher) (originally from the Kherson Governorate) and his mother was Russian.Martin McCauley, ''Who's Who in Russia Since 1900'', Routledge, 1997, , p. 87 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Pavlovich Lebedev
Pavel Pavlovich Lebedev (russian: Павел Павлович Лебедев; 21 April 1872 – 2 July 1933) was a Russian and Soviet military leader, Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Army from 1919 to 1924. Biography He was born to a poor nobility, and was raised as a Russian Orthodox. At age 12 he studied at public expense in the Nizhny Novgorod Count Arakcheev Cadet Corps, after which became a cadet of the Moscow Alexandrovsky Military School. He graduated from his studies in 1892, with the rank of lieutenant was sent to the Moscow Guard Regiment. In 1897 he entered the General Staff Academy, which he graduated with honors in 1900. Promoted to staff-captains and added to the General Staff. Due to his ability to make a brilliant career, in 1914 he was already a colonel and served as Head of the 12th Department of the General Staff. During the First World War, 1914–1918 - Operations Chief Quartermaster General Staff of the Southwestern Front, Chief of Staff of the 3r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Kamenev
Sergey Sergeyevich Kamenev (russian: Серге́й Серге́евич Ка́менев; April 16 Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._April_4.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>O.S._April_4">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._April_4_1881_–_August_25,_1936)_was_a_Soviet_Union.html" "title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. April 4">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. April 4 1881 – August 25, 1936) was a Soviet Union">Soviet military leader who reached Komandarm 1st rank. Kamenev was born in Kiev. In World War I he commanded a regiment in the rank of Colonel. He became a member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1918. In July 1919, Kamenev replaced Jukums Vācietis as Commander-in-chief of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. Kamenev was a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR from April 1924 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Samoylo
Alexander Alexandrovich Samoylo (russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Само́йло; October 23 (November 4) 1869 – November 8, 1963) was a commander in the Imperial Russian Army and Red Army during World War I and the Russian Civil War. Before the 1917 Russian Revolution, he was a major general on the general staff and Chief of Staff of the 10th Army. After the Russian Revolution, he was made commander of the 6th Red Army on the Northern Front between 22 November 1918 and 15 April 1920. In that capacity, he fought against the Allied intervention in Northern Russia. He also commanded the Red Army Eastern front during 4 weeks in May 1919. In 1940, he became lieutenant general of aviation and in 1943 a professor. He was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1944 onwards. He was a recipient of the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Patriotic War The Order of the Patriotic War (russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Kamenev
Sergey Sergeyevich Kamenev (russian: Серге́й Серге́евич Ка́менев; April 16 Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._April_4.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>O.S._April_4">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html"_;"title="nowiki/>Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._April_4_1881_–_August_25,_1936)_was_a_Soviet_Union.html" "title="Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. April 4">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. April 4 1881 – August 25, 1936) was a Soviet Union">Soviet military leader who reached Komandarm 1st rank. Kamenev was born in Kiev. In World War I he commanded a regiment in the rank of Colonel. He became a member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1918. In July 1919, Kamenev replaced Jukums Vācietis as Commander-in-chief of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. Kamenev was a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR from April 1924 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich
Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (russian: Михаи́л Дми́триевич Бонч-Бруе́вич; – 3 August 1956) was an Imperial Russian and Soviet military commander (Lieutenant General from 1944). His family belonged to the nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The son of a land surveyor and a member of the minor nobility, he graduated from the Moscow Institute of Surveying - and later from the General Staff Academy. From 1892 to 1895 Bonch-Bruyevich served as an officer with the Lithuanian Guards Regiment, posted at Warsaw.''From Tsarist General to Red Army Commander'' by Mikhail Bonch-Bruyevich, translated by Vladimir Vezey, Progress Publishers, 1966, p48 First World War At the outbreak of World War I in 1914 Bonch-Bruyevich commanded the 176th Perevolochensky Regiment, based at Chernigov. He witnessed the Russian aviator Pyotr Nesterov's fatal aerial ramming attack on 25 August 1914 .S.during the Battle of Galicia. After the Februar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Gumbinnen
The Battle of Gumbinnen, initiated by forces of the German Empire on 20 August 1914, was a German offensive on the Eastern Front during the First World War. Because of the hastiness of the German attack, the Russian Army emerged victorious. Background According to Prit Buttar, "Provided that the Russians did not concentrate all their forces against East Prussia - and therefore sent substantial numbers of troops against the Austro-Hungarian Empire - Eighth Army should be able to hold out without conceding too much ground until victory over France was assured. All that was required was for Prittwitz to avoid defeat, and to hold his nerve. Originally, Prittwitz had intended to hold the line of the Angerapp and allow Rennenkampf to suffer heavy casualties while trying to force the position." The Eighth Army comprised four corps: I Corps (Hermann von François), XVII Corps (August von Mackensen), I Reserve Corps (Otto von Below), and XX Corps (Friedrich von Scholtz), plus 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Von Rennenkampf
Paul Georg Edler von Rennenkampf ( rus, Па́вел Ка́рлович Ренненка́мпф, r=Pavel Karlovich Rennenkampf, p=ˈpavʲɪɫ ̍karɫəvʲɪtɕ ˈrʲennʲenˈkampf; – 1 April 1918) was a Baltic German nobleman, statesman and general of the Imperial Russian Army who commanded the 1st Army in the invasion of East Prussia during the initial stage of the Eastern front of World War I. He also served as the last commander of the Vilna Military District. Rennenkampf gained a reputation as an effective cavalry commander during the Boxer Rebellion and the Russo-Japanese War. Following service in the latter, he led the detachment that suppressed the Chita Republic during the 1905 Russian Revolution. This earned him further promotion, and by the outbreak of World War I Rennenkampf was commander of the Vilna Military District, whose forces were used to form the 1st Army under his command. He led the 1st Army in the invasion of East Prussia and won an early vict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
