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Vilar Formoso
Vilar Formoso is a town and civil parish in the municipality of Almeida, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 2,219, in an area of 15.14 km2. One of the most important crossings on the Portugal–Spain border is located just next to the town. Vilar Formoso has a railroad station where the Lisbon-Hendaye express stops daily. The station is covered with tile murals depicting scenes from all over Portugal, including a rare skiing scene. History Portugal and Spain signed the Schengen Agreement in June 1991 which came into effect on 26 March 1995, making Portugal and Spain part of the Schengen area and thus the border then became an Open border, making travel between countries of the European Union unrestricted, the customs booths became unmanned and traffic passed through freely. During World War II, in June 1940, the railway station at Vilar Formoso was briefly the location for the arrival in Portugal by train and car of numerous Jewish and other refugees escaping from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centro Region, Portugal
The Central Region ( pt, Região do Centro, ) or Central Portugal is one of the NUTS statistical regions of Portugal, statistical regions of Portugal. The cities with major administrative status inside this region are Coimbra, Aveiro, Portugal, Aveiro, Viseu, Caldas da Rainha, Leiria, Castelo Branco, Portugal, Castelo Branco, Covilhã, Torres Vedras and Guarda, Portugal, Guarda. It is one of the seven Regions of Portugal (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, NUTS II subdivisions). It is also one of the regions of Europe, as given by the European Union for statistical and Geography, geographical purposes. Its area totals . As of 2011, its population totalled 2,327,026 inhabitants, with a population density of 82 inhabitants per square kilometre. History Inhabited by the Lusitanians, an Proto-Indo-Europeans, Indo-European people living in the western Iberian Peninsula, the Roman Republic, Romans settled in the region and colonized it as a part of the Roman Province of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beiras E Serra Da Estrela
The Intermunicipal communities of Portugal, Comunidade Intermunicipal das Beiras e Serra da Estrela () is an administrative division in eastern Portugal. It was created in 2013. Since January 2015, Beiras e Serra da Estrela is also a NUTS3 subregion of Centro Region, Portugal, Centro Region, that covers the same area as the intermunicipal community. The seat of the intermunicipal community is Guarda, Portugal, Guarda. Beiras e Serra da Estrela comprises parts of the former districts of Guarda District, Guarda and Castelo Branco District, Castelo Branco. The population in 2011 was 236,023, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guarda District
The district of Guarda ( pt, Distrito de Guarda ) is located in the Centro Region of Portugal, except Vila Nova de Foz Côa, which is in the Norte Region. The district capital and most populous city is Guarda. Municipalities The district contains 14 municipalities: * Aguiar da Beira * Almeida * Celorico da Beira * Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo * Fornos de Algodres * Gouveia * Guarda * Manteigas * Mêda * Pinhel * Sabugal * Seia * Trancoso * Vila Nova de Foz Côa Cities The following seat of municipalities have city (cidade)status: Gouveia, Guarda, Meda, Pinhel, Sabugal, Trancoso. Subregions Included within the District of Guarda Beira Interior Norte, Serra da Estrela, Douro and Dão-Lafões. Geography The main mountain ranges are the Serra da Estrela and Serra da Marofa. The main rivers are the Mondego, Côa, and Douro. Main Monuments/Castles * Guarda Sé/ Cathedral of Guarda. *Castles:(Castelos de) Pinhel, Sabugal, Sortelha, Marialva, Celorico, Rodrigo, Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Almeida, Portugal
Almeida () is a fortified village and a municipality in the sub-region of Beira Interior Norte and the District of Guarda, Portugal. The town proper has a population of 1,300 people (2011). The municipality population in 2011 was 7,242, in an area of . It is located in Riba-Côa river valley. The present Mayor is António Baptista Ribeiro, elected by the Social Democratic Party. The municipal holiday is July 2. Location The village lies west of the border with Spain and straddles the N332 road.Tourist & Motoring Atlas – Spain & Portugal. Publisher: Michelin Edition 2014. Work: page 42. The Rio Côa run northwards a short distance to the west of the village. The town's castle fortress was completed in 1641 and is located to the north of the village and is approached through the two tunnel gates and dry moat named the ''Portas de São Francisco''. Twin town * Mutzig, Bas-Rhin, France History In and around the environment of Almeida, evidence of Human occupation can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portugal–Spain Border
The Portugal–Spain border, also referred to as "The Stripe" ( es, La Raya, pt, A Raia, gl, A Raia, mwl, La Raia), is one of the oldest borders in the world. The current demarcation is almost identical to that defined in 1297 by the Treaty of Alcañices. The Portugal–Spain border is long, and is the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union, being free of border control since March 26, 1995 (the effective date of the Schengen Agreement), with the exception of a brief period during the COVID-19 pandemic. The border is not defined for between the Caia river and Ribeira de Cuncos, because of the disputed status of Olivenza/Olivença, which has been disputed between the two countries for two hundred years. A microstate existed previously on the border called Couto Misto. Bordering districts and provinces Districts on the Portuguese side of the border from North to South: * Viana do Castelo District (Northern Portugal) * Braga District (Northern Portugal) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sud Express
''Sud Express'' (also called ''Surexpreso'' and ''Sud Expresso'' ) is an overnight passenger train connecting Lisbon with Hendaye, a French commune on the Franco-Spanish border. The original service, operated by the Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits, ran to Calais via Madrid and Paris. The service was suspended in March 2020 due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and has not been resumed since. History The inaugural trip of the Sud Express took place on 21 October 1887 connecting Lisbon via Madrid to Paris in 45 hours and services were extended on 4 November 1887 to Calais. Initially the service was weekly, but in 1888 was run twice weekly and from London Charing Cross. Also in 1888 the British Royal Mail launched connecting package services from Lisbon to Rio de la Plata and Brazil. The service frequency increased further and on 1 January 1907 started to run daily. It was suspended between 11 December 1937 and 1 August 1939 due to the Spanish Civil War. It w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schengen Agreement
The Schengen Agreement ( , ) is a treaty which led to the creation of Europe's Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished. It was signed on 14 June 1985, near the town of Schengen, Luxembourg, by five of the ten member states of the then European Economic Community. It proposed measures intended to gradually abolish border checks at the signatories' common borders, including reduced-speed vehicle checks which allowed vehicles to cross borders without stopping, allowing residents in border areas freedom to cross borders away from fixed checkpoints, and the harmonisation of visa policies.Respectively Articles 2, 6 and 7 of thSchengen Agreement eur-lex.europa.eu; accessed 27 January 2016. In 1990, the Agreement was supplemented by the Schengen Convention which proposed the complete abolition of systematic internal border controls and a common visa policy. The Schengen Area operates very much like a single state for international travel purposes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schengen Area
The Schengen Area ( , ) is an area comprising 27 European countries that have officially abolished all passport and all other types of border control at their mutual borders. Being an element within the wider area of freedom, security and justice policy of the EU, it mostly functions as a single jurisdiction under visa policies in the European Union, a common visa policy for international travel purposes. The area is named after the 1985 Schengen Agreement and the 1990 Schengen Convention, both signed in Schengen, Luxembourg. Of the 27 EU member states of the European Union, member states, 23 participate in the Schengen Area. Of the five EU members that are not part of the Schengen Area, three—Bulgaria and the European Union, Bulgaria, Cyprus and the European Union, Cyprus and Romania and the European Union, Romania—are legally obligated to join the area in the future; Croatia has been approved to join on January 1, 2023; Ireland and the European Union, Ireland maintains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Border
An open border is a border that enables free movement of people (and often of goods) between jurisdictions with no restrictions on movement and is lacking substantive border control. A border may be an open border due to intentional legislation allowing free movement of people across the border (''de jure''), or a border may be an open border due to a lack of legal controls, a lack of adequate enforcement or adequate supervision of the border (''de facto''). An example of the former is the Schengen Agreement between most members of the European Economic Area (EFTA and the EU). An example of the latter has been the border between Bangladesh and India, which is becoming controlled. The term "open borders" applies only to the flow of people, not the flow of goods and services, and only to borders between political jurisdictions, not to mere boundaries of privately owned property. Open borders are the norm for borders between subdivisions within the boundaries of sovereign states, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been described as a '' sui generis'' political entity (without precedent or comparison) combining the characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.8per cent of the world population in 2020, the EU generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around trillion in 2021, constituting approximately 18per cent of global nominal GDP. Additionally, all EU states but Bulgaria have a very high Human Development Index according to the United Nations Development Programme. Its cornerstone, the Customs Union, paved the way to establishing an internal single market based on standardised legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states have agreed to act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazism
Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Nazi Germany. During Hitler's rise to power in 1930s Europe, it was frequently referred to as Hitlerism (german: Hitlerfaschismus). The later related term "neo-Nazism" is applied to other far-right groups with similar ideas which formed after the Second World War. Nazism is a form of fascism, with disdain for liberal democracy and the parliamentary system. It incorporates a dictatorship, fervent antisemitism, anti-communism, scientific racism, and the use of eugenics into its creed. Its extreme nationalism originated in pan-Germanism and the ethno-nationalist '' Völkisch'' movement which had been a prominent aspect of German nationalism since the late 19th century, and it was strongly influenced by the paramilitary groups that emerged af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilar Formoso Fronteira Da Paz
The Vilar Formoso Fronteira da Paz (Frontier of Peace) memorial is a museum devoted to the role played by the Portuguese border town of Vilar Formoso in the reception of Jewish refugees and others from France and elsewhere who were escaping Nazi persecution in World War II. History Seeking to escape from advancing German troops, many Jews, from France and elsewhere, made their way to Bordeaux in the hope of obtaining visas to enter Portugal. The Portuguese consul-general, Aristides de Sousa Mendes, ignored instructions from António de Oliveira Salazar, leader of Portugal's authoritarian '' Estado Novo'' regime, which remained neutral during the war but had no desire to upset the Germans, and continued to issue an undetermined number of visas in Bordeaux, moving to Bayonne after Bordeaux was bombed. With these visas, the fleeing Jews and others, such as soldiers or airmen of the Allies trying to rejoin their units, made their way by train or car through Spain to Portugal, with the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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