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Victoria Montou
Victoria "Abdaraya Toya" Montou (Circa 1739–1805) was a Dahomey warrior and freedom fighter in the army of Jean-Jacques Dessalines during the Haitian Revolution. Before the Revolution she and Dessalines had been enslaved on the same estate, and the two remained close throughout her life, with Dessalines calling her his aunt. Early life Montou is believed to have been born in the Kingdom of Dahomey, in present-day Benin. Some sources indicate that she was a soldier there. It is unclear precisely when she was abducted and enslaved, or when she arrived in Haiti. Before the revolution, Montou worked alongside Dessalines as a slave on the estate of Henry Duclos. She was described as intelligent and energetic, and shared a close relationship with Dessalines and the same hatred toward slavery. Dessalines called her his aunt, which may have reflected their closeness as expressed within the traditions of African diasporic kinship, rather than a direct biological link. Montou was repo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Fighter
A resistance movement is an organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to withstand the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability. It may seek to achieve its objectives through either the use of nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In many cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country. Etymology The Oxford English Dictionary records use of the word "resistance" in the sense of organised opposition to an invader from 1862. The modern usage of the term "Resistance" became widespread from the self-designation of many movements during World War II, especially the French Resistance. The te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Haitian Creole: ''Jan-Jak Desalin''; ; 20 September 1758 – 17 October 1806) was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent First Empire of Haiti, Haiti under the Constitution of Haiti, 1805 constitution. Under Dessalines, Haiti became the first country in the Americas to permanently abolish slavery. He led a genocidal campaign against white Haitians in 1804. Initially regarded as governor-general, Dessalines was later named Emperor of Haiti as Jacques I (1804–1806) by generals of the Haitian Revolution Army and ruled in that capacity until being assassinated in 1806. He has been referred to as the father of the nation of Haiti. Dessalines served as an officer in the French army when the colony was fending off History of Spain (1700–1810), Spanish and Kingdom of Great Britain, British incursions. Later he rose to become a commander in the revolt against France. As Toussaint Louverture's principal lieutenant, he led man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution (french: révolution haïtienne ; ht, revolisyon ayisyen) was a successful insurrection by slave revolt, self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolt began on 22 August 1791, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved black, biracial, French, Spanish, British, and Polish participants—with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as Haiti's most prominent general. The revolution was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from Slavery in the Americas, slavery (though not from forced labour) and ruled by non-whites and former captives. It is now widely seen as a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World. The revolution's effects on the institution of slavery were felt throughout the Americas. The end of French rule and the abolition of slavery in the former colony was followed by a successful defense of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dahomey
The Kingdom of Dahomey () was a West African kingdom located within present-day Benin that existed from approximately 1600 until 1904. Dahomey developed on the Abomey Plateau amongst the Fon people in the early 17th century and became a regional power in the 18th century by expanding south to conquer key cities like Whydah belonging to the Kingdom of Whydah on the Atlantic coast which granted it unhindered access to the tricontinental triangular trade. For much of the middle 19th century, the Kingdom of Dahomey became a key regional state, after eventually ending tributary status to the Oyo Empire. European visitors extensively documented the kingdom, and it became one of the most familiar African nations to Europeans. The Kingdom of Dahomey was an important regional power that had an organized domestic economy built on conquest and slave labor, significant international trade and diplomatic relations with Europeans, a centralized administration, taxation systems, and an organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bois Caïman
Bois Caïman ( ht, Bwa Kayiman, lit=Alligator Forest) was the site of the first major meeting of Slavery in Haiti, enslaved blacks during which the first major slave insurrection of the Haitian Revolution was planned. Role during the Haitian Revolution Before the Bois Caiman ceremony, Haitian Vodou, Vodou rituals were seen as an event of social gathering where enslaved Africans had the ability to organize. These meetings and opportunities to organize were considered harmless by white slave owners, therefore, they were permitted. It is also argued that Vodou created a more homogeneous black culture in Haiti. On the night of August 14, 1791, representative slaves from nearby plantations gathered to participate in a secret ceremony conducted in the woods by nearby Cap-Haïtien, Le Cap in the French colony of Saint-Domingue. Presided over by Dutty Boukman, a prominent enslaved African leader and Houngan, and Cécile Fatiman, a Mambo (Vodou), mambo, the ceremony served as both a re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tante Toya
Tante is the French, Dutch (Nederland), German, Danish, and Yiddish word for aunt (female sibling of a parent) ''Tante'' may also refer to: * A novel by Anne Douglas Sedgwick, upon which the film ''The Impossible Woman'' is based * Tante Leen (1912–1992), Dutch folk singer * Tante Rose, a racehorse * Tante Sidonia, a character from the Belgian comics series ''Suske en Wiske'' * Tante Koosje, a restaurant located in Loenen aan de Vecht in the Netherlands * Tante Marie, a cookery school in Woking, Surrey, England * La Tante DC10 Restaurant, Accra, Ghana; a restaurant built into a green DC-10 former airliner * La Tante River, Grenada; a river on the island of Grenada See also * Upper La Tante, Saint David, Grenada; a town * ''La grand'tante ''La grand'tante'' (The great-aunt) is an opéra comique in one act by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Jules Adenis and Charles Grandvallet. It was first performed at the Opéra-Comique in Paris on 3 April 1867. Though not the first o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slave Rebellion
A slave rebellion is an armed uprising by enslaved people, as a way of fighting for their freedom. Rebellions of enslaved people have occurred in nearly all societies that practice slavery or have practiced slavery in the past. A desire for freedom and the dream of successful rebellion is often the greatest object of song, art, and culture amongst the enslaved population. Many of the events, however, are often violently opposed and suppressed by slaveholders. The most successful slave rebellion in history was the 18th-century Haitian Revolution, led by Toussaint Louverture and later Jean-Jacques Dessalines who won the war against their French colonial rulers, which established the modern independent state of Haiti from the former French colony of Saint-Domingue. Another famous historic slave rebellion was led by the Roman slave Spartacus (c. 73–71 BC). In the ninth century, the poet-prophet Ali bin Muhammad led imported East African slaves in Iraq during the Zanj Rebellion again ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Haiti
The monarchs of Haiti (french: monarques d'Haïti, ht, Monak Ayiti) were the heads of state and rulers of Haiti on three non-consecutive occasions in the 19th century. With complete independence achieved from France in 1804, Haiti became an independent monarchy—the First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806). Haiti reverted to a monarchy in the 1810s, during the Kingdom of Haiti (1811–1820). Haiti reverted for a third and final time to a monarchy during the Second Empire of Haiti (1849–1859). The period known as the Duvalier dynasty (1957–1986), despite the misleading name, is not a period of monarchy but of an authoritarian family dictatorship. First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806) Kingdom of Haiti (1811–1820) Second Empire of Haiti (1849–1859) Kingdom of La Gonâve Timeline See also * List of heads of state of Haiti * List of Haitian royal consorts * Crown of Faustin I Notes References {{Monarchies Haiti Monarchs A monarch is a head of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Funeral
A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of Etiquette, protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements of military tradition. Generally, state funerals are held in order to involve the general public in a national day of mourning after the family of the deceased gives consent. A state funeral will often generate mass publicity from both national and global media outlets. Africa Algeria * Ahmed Ben Bella * Abdelaziz Bouteflika Angola * Agostino Neto * José Eduardo dos Santos, Jose Eduardo dos Santos Botswana * Sir Seretse Khama * Ruth Williams Khama * Gladys Olebile Masire * Sir Ketumile Masire Burundi * Pierre Nkurunziza Cameroon * Marc-Vivien Foe DR Congo * Laurent-Desire Kabila Egypt * Gamal Abdel Nasser (1 October 1970) * Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (29 July 1980), Shah of Iran who died in exile in Egypt * Anwar Sadat (8 Octob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Claire Heureuse Felicite
Marie-Claire is a given name. It is a combination of the names Marie and Claire, which are both of French origin. It may refer to: *Marie-Claire Alain (1926–2013), organist and organ teacher *Marie-Claire Baldenweg (born 1954), contemporary artist *Marie-Claire Blais (1939–2021), author and playwright *Marie-Claire Cremers, better known as Amber (born 1970), Dutch-German singer-songwriter *Marie-Claire D'Ubaldo, singer *Marie-Claire Foblets, Belgian lawyer and anthropologist *Marie-Claire Houart, civil servant *Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité (1758–1858), Empress of Haiti *Marie-Claire Kirkland (1924–2016), judge and politician *Marie-Claire Restoux (born 1968), judoka *Marie-Claire Schanne-Klein, French physicist *the ''nom de guerre'' of Mary Lindell, Comtesse de Milleville, a prominent resistance agent in Nazi-occupied France See also *Claire-Marie Le Guay *''Marie Claire'', a magazine *Mary-Claire King *María Clara (other) María Clara refers to a characte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Jeanne Lamartiniére
Marie-Jeanne Lamartinière (fl. 1802), known in history only as "Marie-Jeanne", was a Haitian soldier, and reportedly a "dazzling beauty." She served in the Haitian army during the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804). Haitian Revolution service Marie-Jeanne served at the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot (4 March–24 March 1802) with her husband Louis Daure Lamartinière. She fought in a male uniform standing along the fort's ramparts bearing both a rifle and a sword. She made a great impression with her fearlessness and courage, and was said to use the long rifle to snipe on the wounded French soldiers below with "a skill all the men applauded". It is said to have boosted the morale of her colleagues with her bravery. When not fighting, Marie-Jeanne nursed her injured comrades. When describing her allocation of her scarce water supply to parched and dying troops, Bell states, "Marie-Jeanne gave water with a silver serving spoon that hung from her sash on a fine chain. From the gourd she ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
