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Victor Amadeus I, Prince Of Carignan
Victor Amadeus of Savoy, 3rd Prince of Carignano (1 March 1690 – 4 April 1741) was an Italian nobleman who was Prince of Carignano from 1709 to 1741. He was the son of Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, Prince of Carignano and his wife, the Maria Angela Caterina d'Este. Biography Born in Turin, he was the third child of four and the eldest son. Made a Knight of the Annunciation in 1696, he married, at Moncalieri on 7 November 1714, Marie Victoire Françoise of Savoy (1690–1766), legitimised daughter of Victor Amadeus II of Piedmont-Sardinia, King of Piedmont-Sardinia and of Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes, Countess of Verrue. His father-in-law showed affection for him but ended up depriving him, in 1717, of his 400,000 livres of annual income because of excessive spending. It was then that he ran away to France, at the end of 1718, in order to take possession of his inheritance. Since he had lost the Château de Condé to Jean-François Leriget de La Faye when it was confi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of Carignano
The House of Savoy-Carignano ( it, Savoia-Carignano; french: Savoie-Carignan) originated as a cadet branch of the House of Savoy. It was founded by Thomas Francis of Savoy, Prince of Carignano (1596–1656), an Italian military commander who was the fifth son of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. His descendants were accepted as '' princes étrangers'' at the court of France, where some held prominent positions. They eventually came to reign as kings of Sardinia from 1831 to 1861, and as kings of Italy from 1861 until the dynasty's deposition in 1946. The Savoy-Carignano family also, briefly, supplied a king each to Spain and Croatia, as well as queens consort to Bulgaria and Portugal. Origin Born in Turin, Thomas Francis of Savoy was the youngest of the five legitimate sons of Charles Emmanuel I, sovereign Duke of Savoy, by his wife, Catherine Micaela of Spain (daughter of King Philip II of Spain and his consort, Elizabeth of Valois, a French princess). While still a young man, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourse De Commerce De Paris
The Bourse de commerce (Commodities Exchange) is a building in Paris, originally used as a place to negotiate the trade of grain and other commodities, and used to provide services to businesses by the Paris Chamber of Commerce during the latter part of the 20th century. It has its origins in a circular wheat exchange built in 1763–67, with an open-air interior court that was later capped by a wooden dome replaced in 1811 with a copper one (supported by an iron skeletal structure). In a major reconstruction in 1888–89 much of the structure was replaced, although the layout remained the same and the dome was retained albeit adding glass and a mounted canvas. Since 2021, the building has been the Parisian exhibition site of the Pinault Collection. The dome of the building is listed as a historical monument. History Early buildings Between 1574 and 1584 Jean Bullant (1515–78) built a ''hôtel particulier'' (grand house) on the site for Catherine de' Medici (1519–89). A t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borso D'Este (1605-1657)
Borso d'Este, attributed to Vicino da Ferrara, Pinacoteca of the Castello Sforzesco">Sforza Castle in Milan, Italy. Borso d'Este (1413 – August 20, 1471) was Duke of Ferrara, and the first Duchy of Modena and Reggio, Duke of Modena, which he ruled from 1450 until his death. He was a member of the House of Este. Biography He was an illegitimate son of Niccolò III d'Este, Marquess of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio, and his mistress Stella de' Tolomei. Borso succeeded his brother Leonello d'Este in the marquisate on October 1, 1450. left, 220px, A page of Borso d'Este's Bible. On May 18, 1452 he received confirmation over his fiefs, as Duke, by Emperor Frederick III. On April 12, 1471, in St. Peter's Basilica, he was also appointed as Duke of Ferrara by Pope Paul II. Borso followed an expansionist policy for his state, and one of ennobling for his family. He was generally allied with the Republic of Venice, and enemy both to Francesco I Sforza and the Medici family. These rivalri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie De Bourbon, Countess Of Soissons
Marie de Bourbon (3 May 1606 – 3 June 1692) was the wife of Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano, and thus a princess of Savoy by marriage. At the death of her brother in 1641, she became Countess of Soissons in her own right, passing the title down three generations of the House of Savoy. Biography Marie de Bourbon, born at the ''Hôtel de Soissons'' in Paris, was the second daughter and youngest child of Charles de Bourbon, Count of Soissons, and his wife Anne de Montafié. At the court of Louis XIII, who was her second cousin, Marie enjoyed the rank of '' princesse du sang''. She was a sister of Louise de Bourbon, Duchess of Longueville. Originally placed in the Abbey of Fontevraud in Anjou, she took the habit on 10 April 1610 aged just four. On 6 January 1625, Marie was married to Thomas Francis, ninth child of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and his wife Catherine Michaela of Austria. It was arranged that Thomas, as son of a reigning monarch, would hold the rank of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Francis, Prince Of Carignano
Thomas Francis of Savoy, 1st Prince of Carignano (; ; 21 December 1596 – 22 January 1656) was an Italian military commander and the founder of the Carignano branch of the House of Savoy, which reigned as kings of Piedmont-Sardinia from 1831 to 1861, and as kings of Italy from 1861 until the dynasty's deposition in 1946. Background Born in Turin, Thomas was the youngest of the five legitimate sons of the sovereign Duke Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy by his consort Caterina Micaela of Austria, a daughter of King Philip II of Spain and the French princess Elisabeth of France. His mother died the following year. While still a young man, Thomas bore arms in the service of the king of Spain in Italy. Although in previous reigns, younger sons had been granted rich appanages in Switzerland ( Genevois, Vaud), Italy (Aosta), or France (Nemours, Bresse), the Savoy dukes found that this inhibited their own aggrandizement while encouraging intra-dynastic strife and regional secessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landgravine Christine Of Hesse-Rotenburg
german: Christine von Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg , image = Christine Henriette of Hesse-Rotenburg.jpg , caption = Portrait by Maria Giovanna Clementi , title = Princess of Carignano , birth_date = , birth_place = Schloss Rotenburg, Rotenburg , death_date = , death_place = Palazzo Carignano, Turin, Italy , spouse = Louis Victor of Savoy, Prince of Carignano , issue-link = #Issue , place of burial = Basilica of Superga, Turin, Italy , date of burial = 1786 , house = Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg , father = Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg , mother = Countess Eleonore of Löwenstein-Rochefort , issue = Princess Christine of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (Christine Henriette; 21 November 1717 – 1 September 1778) was a princess of the German dynasty of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg. She was the Princess of Carignano by marriage and mother of the ''princesse de Lamballe'' and of Victor Amadeus II, Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Rohan, Prince De Soubise
Charles de Rohan (16 July 17151 July 1787), Prince of Soubise, Duke of Rohan-Rohan, Seigneur of Roberval, and Marshal of France from 1758, was a soldier, and minister to kings Louis XV and Louis XVI. He was the last male of his branch of the House of Rohan, and was great-grandfather to the Duke of Enghien, executed by Napoleon in 1804. Styled ''Prince d'Epinoy'' at birth, he became the Prince of Soubise after 1749. Biography The prince was born at the Palace of Versailles on 16 July 1715, the son of Jules, Prince of Soubise, lieutenant captain of the Gendarmes of the Royal Guard, and of Anne Julie Adélaïde de Melun. The eldest of five children, he was styled the Prince of Epinoy till his father's death in 1724. His parents died in Paris of smallpox in 1724, remaining his siblings, including Marie Louise, making them orphans. His sister lost her husband to smallpox in 1743. He was entrusted to his grandfather Hercule Mériadec, Duke of Rohan-Rohan, who raised Soubise to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Thérèse Of Savoy
Anne Thérèse of Savoy (1 November 1717 – 5 April 1745) was a Savoyard princess born in Paris, France. She was the second wife of Charles de Rohan, Prince de Soubise, a military leader and friend of Louis XV. She was also a first half-cousin of Louis sharing the same grandfather Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia. Biography Born at the Parisian ''Hôtel de Soissons'', she was a member of a cadet branch of the House of Savoy. Her father was the Prince di Carignano. Through her mother, she was a granddaughter of the then king Victor Amadeus of Sicily.The Kingdom of Sicily was exchanged for the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1720 when Anne Thérèse was three years old Her mother was Maria Vittoria Francesca, legittimata di Savoia, Marchesa di Susa, a legitimised daughter of Victor Amadeus II and his ''maîtresse-en-titre'', Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes. She grew up in Paris, their parents fleeing the court of Savoy due to embarrassingly large debts. Their parents arrived in Paris du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Antier
Marie Antier (1687, in Lyon – 3 December 1747, in Paris) was a French opera singer ( soprano). She was trained in singing and acting by Marthe Le Rochois. She made her debut at the Paris Opera in a revival of ''La vénitienne'' by Michel de la Barre Michel de la Barre (c. 1675 – 15 March 1745) was a French composer and renowned flautist known as being the first person to publish solo flute music. He played at the Académie Royale de Musique, the Musettes and Hautbois de Poitou and the c ... in 1710 or 1711. It has been said that she was particularly adept in her portrayals of enchantresses or magicians in the works of Jean-Baptiste Lully. Over the course of thirty years she appeared in sixty stage works. In some of these works she played multiple parts, resulting in a repertoire of about eighty roles. She was a premier actress of the Academie de Musique (1720) and a court singer (1721). She played the leading roles of French opera from her debut in 1711 until her re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandre Le Riche De La Poupelinière
Alexandre Jean Joseph Le Riche de La Pouplinière, sometimes also written Popelinière ou Poupelinière (Paris, 1693 – 5 December 1762) was an immensely wealthy '' fermier général'', the only son of his father, Alexandre Le Riche (1663-1735), seigneur of Courgains, (Anjou) and Brétignolles (Touraine), likewise a ''fermier général''. Besides his post as tax farmer, he was mainly one of the greatest patrons of music and musicians of the eighteenth century. A true patron of the Enlightenment, he gathered round him a circle of artists, men of letters and musicians. He kept a private orchestra, "the best that was known in those days", according to Jean-François Marmontel (''"… le meilleur concert de musique qui fût connu dans ce temps-là."''), which was led for twenty-two years by Jean-Philippe Rameau, who was succeeded by Johann Stamitz and then by François-Joseph Gossec. The best Italian musicians, violinists, singers, were lodged with him and fed at his table, and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferme Générale
The ''ferme générale'' (, "general farm") was, in ''ancien régime'' France, essentially an outsourced customs, excise and indirect tax operation. It collected duties on behalf of the King (plus hefty bonus fees for themselves), under renewable six-year contracts. The major tax collectors in that highly unpopular tax farming system were known as the ''fermiers généraux'' (singular ''fermier général''), which would be ''tax farmers-general'' in English. In the 17th and 18th centuries the ''fermiers généraux'' became immensely rich and figure prominently in the history of cultural patronage, as supporters of French music, major collectors of paintings and sculpture, patrons of the '' marchands-merciers'' and consumers of the luxury arts in the vanguard of Parisian fashions. In his 1833 novel '' Ferragus'', writer Honoré de Balzac attributes the sad air that hangs about the Île Saint-Louis in central Paris to the many houses there owned by fermiers généraux. Their sons or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XV Of France
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defined as his 13th birthday) on 15 February 1723, the kingdom was ruled by his grand-uncle Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, as Regent of France. Cardinal Fleury was chief minister from 1726 until his death in 1743, at which time the king took sole control of the kingdom. His reign of almost 59 years (from 1715 to 1774) was the second longest in the history of France, exceeded only by his predecessor, Louis XIV, who had ruled for 72 years (from 1643 to 1715). In 1748, Louis returned the Austrian Netherlands, won at the Battle of Fontenoy of 1745. He ceded New France in North America to Great Britain and Spain at the conclusion of the disastrous Seven Years' War in 1763. He incorporated the territories of the Duchy of Lorra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
