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Van Dykes
The Van Dykes were an itinerant band of Lesbian separatism, lesbian separatist Veganism, vegans, founded in 1977 in the United States by Heather Elizabeth and Ange Spalding. Members of the group identified as Dyke (slang), dykes and lived in vans, traveling throughout Canada, the United States, and Mexico, stopping only on womyn's land. History In 1976, Heather Elizabeth Nelson, her ex-girlfriend Chris Fox, and another lesbian couple had purchased a run-down farm seventy miles outside of Toronto in an attempt to create womyn's land where agricultural self-sustenance, separatism, and non-monogamy were practiced. Elizabeth met Ange Spalding on a road trip to Toronto, who had been living in her van for a year. Together Elizabeth and Spalding formed the Van Dykes, with Spalding taking on the name Brook Van Dyke while Elizabeth became Heather Van Dyke and later the name Lamar Van Dyke (named after Hedy Lamarr). Chris Fox became Thorn Van Dyke. The Van Dykes shaved their heads, avoided men ...
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Lesbian Separatism
Feminist separatism is the theory that feminist opposition to patriarchy can be achieved through women's separation from men.Christine Skelton, Becky Francis, ''Feminism and the Schooling Scandal'', Taylor & Francis, 2009 ,p. 104 Because much of the theorizing is based in lesbian feminism, feminist separatism is often thought of as simply lesbian separatism, but at least 55% of the feminist movement and feminism in general utilize or have been influenced by feminist separatism. Author Marilyn Frye describes feminist separatism as "separation of various sorts or modes from men and from institutions, relationships, roles and activities that are male-defined, male-dominated, and operating for the benefit of males and the maintenance of male privilege – this separation being initiated or maintained, at will, ''by women''." Background Cultural critic Alice Echols describes the emergence of a lesbian separatist movement as a response to homophobic sentiments expressed by f ...
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Pat Califia
Patrick Califia (born 1954; formerly also known as Pat Califia and by the last name Califia-Rice) is an American writer of non-fiction essays about sexuality and of erotic fiction and poetry. Califia is a bisexual trans man. Prior to transitioning, Califia identified as a lesbian and wrote for many years a sex advice column for the gay men's leather magazine '' Drummer''. His writings explore sexuality and gender identity, and have included lesbian erotica and works about BDSM subculture. Califia is a member of the third-wave feminism movement. Early life Califia was born in Corpus Christi, Texas in 1954 and assigned female at birth. He grew up in Utah in a Latter-day Saint family, the eldest of six children. His father was a construction worker and his mother a housewife. Califia has said he did not have a good childhood, claiming that his father was an angry and violent man and his mother a pious woman. Califia recalled one incident where he told his parents he wanted t ...
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1977 Establishments In Canada
Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo). * January 17 ** 49 marines from the and are killed as a result of a collision in Barcelona harbour, Spain. * January 18 ** Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious Legionnaires' disease. ** Australia's worst railway disaster at Granville, a suburb of Sydney, leaves 83 people dead. ** SFR Yugoslavia Prime minister Džemal Bijedić, his wife and 6 others are killed in a plane crash in Bosnia and Herzegovina. * January 19 – An Ejército del Aire CASA C-207C Azor (registration T.7-15) plane crashes into the side of a mountain near Chiva, on approach to Valencia Airport in Spain, killing all 11 people on board. * January 20 – Jimmy Carter is sworn in as the 39th Pres ...
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Jezebel (website)
''Jezebel'' is a US-based website featuring news and cultural commentary geared towards women. It was launched in 2007 by Gawker Media under the editorship of Anna Holmes as a feminist counterpoint to traditional women's magazines. After the breakup of Gawker Media, the site was purchased by Univision Communications and later acquired by G/O Media. History ''Jezebel'' was launched on May 21, 2007, as the 14th Gawker Media blog.Stephanie D. Smith, Irin Carmon. "Memo Pad." ''Women's Wear Daily'', May 21, 2007. According to founding editor Anna Holmes, who had previously worked at '' Glamour'', '' Star'', and ''InStyle'', the site stemmed from the desire to better serve Gawker.com's female readers, who made up 70% of the site's readership at the time. At the site's launch, the editorial staff included Holmes; editor Moe Tkacik, a former ''Wall Street Journal'' reporter; and associate editor Jennifer Gerson, a former assistant to ''Elle'' editor-in-chief Roberta Myers. Gerson le ...
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University Of British Columbia Press
The University of British Columbia Press (UBC Press) is a university press that is part of the University of British Columbia. It was established in 1971. The press is based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and has editorial offices in Kelowna, British Columbia, and Toronto, Ontario. UBC Press is primarily a social sciences publisher. It publishes books of original scholarship that draws on and reflects current research. Each year UBC Press publishes seventy new titles in a number of fields, including Aboriginal studies, Asian studies, Canadian history, environmental studies, gender and women's studies, health and food studies, geography, law, media and communications, military and security studies, planning and urban studies, and political science. The press is a member of the Canadian Association of University Presses (CAUP), the Association of American University Presses (AAUP), the Association of Canadian Publishers (ACP), the International Association of Scholarly Publi ...
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Radical Lesbianism
Radical lesbianism is a lesbian movement that challenges the status quo of heterosexuality and mainstream feminism. It arose in part because mainstream feminism did not actively include or fight for lesbian rights. The movement was started by lesbian feminist groups in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. A Canadian movement followed in the 1970s, which added momentum. As it continued to gain popularity, radical lesbianism spread throughout Canada, the United States, and France. The French-based movement, ''Front des Lesbiennes Radicales'', or ''FLR'', organized in 1981 under the name ''Front des Lesbiennes Radicales''. Other movements, such as Radicalesbians, have also stemmed off of the larger radical lesbianism movement. In addition to being associated with social movements, radical lesbianism also offers its own ideology, similar to how feminism functions in both capacities. History Radical or "separatist" lesbianism and other similar movements represent a rupture with ...
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Lesbian Utopia
A relatively common motif in speculative fiction is the existence of single-gender worlds or single-sex societies. These fictional societies have long been one of the primary ways to explore implications of gender and gender-differences in science fiction and fantasy.Attebery 2002, p. 13. Many of these predate a widespread distinction between gender and sex and conflate the two. In the fictional setting, these societies often arise due to elimination of one sex through war or natural disasters and disease.Bartter 2004, "Momutes", Robin Anne Reid, p. 101. The societies may be portrayed as utopian or dystopian, as seen in pulp tales of oppressive matriarchies. Women-only worlds There is a long tradition of female-only places in literature and mythology, starting with the Amazons and continuing into some examples of feminist utopias. In speculative fiction, women-only worlds have been imagined to come about, among other approaches, by the action of disease that wipes out men, ...
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Feminist Separatism
Feminist separatism is the theory that feminist opposition to patriarchy can be achieved through women's separation from men.Christine Skelton, Becky Francis, ''Feminism and the Schooling Scandal'', Taylor & Francis, 2009 ,p. 104 Because much of the theorizing is based in lesbian feminism, feminist separatism is often thought of as simply lesbian separatism, but at least 55% of the feminist movement and feminism in general utilize or have been influenced by feminist separatism. Author Marilyn Frye describes feminist separatism as "separation of various sorts or modes from men and from institutions, relationships, roles and activities that are male-defined, male-dominated, and operating for the benefit of males and the maintenance of male privilege – this separation being initiated or maintained, at will, ''by women''." Background Cultural critic Alice Echols describes the emergence of a lesbian separatist movement as a response to homophobic sentiments expressed b ...
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Chronicle Books
Chronicle Books is a San Francisco-based American publisher of books for adults and children. The company was established in 1967 by Phelps Dewey, an executive with Chronicle Publishing Company, then-publisher of the ''San Francisco Chronicle''. In 1999 it was bought by Nion McEvoy, great-grandson of M. H. de Young, founder of the ''Chronicle'', from other family members who were selling off the company's assets. At the time Chronicle Books had a staff of 130 and published 300 books per year, with a catalog of more than 1,000 books. In 2000 McEvoy set up the McEvoy Group as a holding company. In 2008, Chronicle acquired Handprint Books. Publications Chronicle Books publishes books in subjects such as architecture, art, culture, interior design, cooking, children's books, gardening, pop culture, fiction, food, travel, and photography. It has published a number of ''New York Times'' Best Sellers; the '' Griffin and Sabine'' series by Nick Bantock, '' Me Without You'' by Lisa ...
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Michigan Womyn's Music Festival
The Michigan Womyn's Music Festival, often referred to as MWMF or Michfest, was a feminist women's music festival held annually from 1976 to 2015 in Oceana County, Michigan, on privately owned woodland near Hart Township referred to as "The Land" by Michfest organizers and attendees. The event was built, staffed, run, and attended exclusively by women, with girls, young boys and toddlers permitted. From 1991, the festival excluded trans women, adopting a " womyn-born womyn" policy, which drew increasing criticism. The festival was picketed by Camp Trans starting in the 1990's for its exclusionary policy. LGBT advocacy group Equality Michigan boycotted the event in 2014. Michfest drew criticism from the Human Rights Campaign, GLAAD, the National Center for Lesbian Rights, and the National LGBTQ Task Force, among others. The festival held its final event in August 2015. History Background The first women's music festivals in the United States were founded in the early 1970s, st ...
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Leather Subculture
Leather subculture denotes practices and styles of dress organized around sexual activities that involve leather garments, such as leather jackets, vests, boots, chaps, harnesses, or other items. Wearing leather garments is one way that participants in this culture self-consciously distinguish themselves from mainstream sexual cultures. Many participants associate leather culture with BDSM (Bondage/Discipline, Dominance/Submission, Sado/Masochism, also called "SM" or "S&M") practices and its many subcultures. For some, black leather clothing is an erotic fashion that expresses heightened masculinity or the appropriation of sexual power; love of motorcycles, motorcycle clubs and independence; and/or engagement in sexual kink or leather fetishism."Elegy for the Valley of Kings," by Gayle Rubin, in ''In Changing Times: Gay Men and Lesbians Encounter HIV/AIDS,'' ed. Levine et al., University of Chicago Press History Male leather culture has existed since the late 1940s, whe ...
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Sadomasochism
Sadomasochism ( ) is the giving and receiving of pleasure from acts involving the receipt or infliction of pain or humiliation. Practitioners of sadomasochism may seek sexual pleasure from their acts. While the terms sadist and masochist refer respectively to one who enjoys giving and receiving pain, some practitioners of sadomasochism may switch between activity and passivity. The abbreviation S&M is commonly used for Sadomasochism (or Sadism & Masochism), although the initialisms S-M, SM, or S/M are also used, particularly by practitioners. Sadomasochism is not considered a clinical paraphilia unless such practices lead to clinically significant distress or impairment for a diagnosis. Similarly, sexual sadism within the context of mutual consent, generally known under the heading BDSM, is distinguished from non-consensual acts of sexual violence or aggression.:"Sexual arousal from consensual interactions that include domination should be distinguished from nonconsensual sex ...
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