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Virtual Synchrony
Reliable multicast is any computer networking protocol that provides a '' reliable'' sequence of packets to multiple recipients simultaneously, making it suitable for applications such as multi-receiver file transfer. Overview Multicast is a network addressing method for the delivery of information to a group of destinations simultaneously using the most efficient strategy to deliver the messages over each link of the network only once, creating copies only when the links to the multiple destinations split (typically network switches and routers). However, like the User Datagram Protocol, multicast does not guarantee the delivery of a message stream. Messages may be dropped, delivered multiple times, or delivered out of order. A reliable multicast protocol adds the ability for receivers to detect lost and/or out-of-order messages and take corrective action (similar in principle to TCP), resulting in a gap-free, in-order message stream. Reliability The exact meaning of ''r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Networking
A computer network is a collection of communicating computers and other devices, such as printers and smart phones. In order to communicate, the computers and devices must be connected by wired media like copper cables, optical fibers, or by wireless communication. The devices may be connected in a variety of network topologies. In order to communicate over the network, computers use agreed-on rules, called communication protocols, over whatever medium is used. The computer network can include personal computers, Server (computing), servers, networking hardware, or other specialized or general-purpose Host (network), hosts. They are identified by network addresses and may have hostnames. Hostnames serve as memorable labels for the nodes and are rarely changed after initial assignment. Network addresses serve for locating and identifying the nodes by communication protocols such as the Internet Protocol. Computer networks may be classified by many criteria, including the tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vsync (library)
The Vsync software library is a BSD-licensed open source library written in C# for the .NET platform, providing a wide variety of primitives for fault-tolerant distributed computing, including: state machine replication, virtual synchrony process groups, atomic broadcast with several levels of ordering and durability, a distributed lock manager, persistent replicated data, a distributed key-value store (also called a Distributed Hash Table or DHT), and scalable aggregation. The system implements the virtual synchrony execution model, and includes an implementation of Leslie Lamport's Paxos Protocol. The main author is Ken Birman, a Professor of Computer Science at Cornell University, and it is the fourth in a series of Cornell-developed software libraries for reliable multicast. The first was the Isis Toolkit, developed in 1985 and ultimately used in the New York Stock Exchange, the French Air Traffic Control System, the US Navy AEGIS and other settings. Subsequent gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distributed Algorithms
A distributed algorithm is an algorithm designed to run on computer hardware constructed from interconnected processors. Distributed algorithms are used in different application areas of distributed computing, such as telecommunications, scientific computing, distributed information processing, and real-time process control. Standard problems solved by distributed algorithms include leader election, consensus, distributed search, spanning tree generation, mutual exclusion, and resource allocation. Distributed algorithms are a sub-type of parallel algorithm, typically executed concurrently, with separate parts of the algorithm being run simultaneously on independent processors, and having limited information about what the other parts of the algorithm are doing. One of the major challenges in developing and implementing distributed algorithms is successfully coordinating the behavior of the independent parts of the algorithm in the face of processor failures and unreliable communic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fault-tolerant Computer Systems
Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to maintain proper operation despite failures or faults in one or more of its components. This capability is essential for high-availability, mission-critical, or even life-critical systems. Fault tolerance specifically refers to a system's capability to handle faults without any degradation or downtime. In the event of an error, end-users remain unaware of any issues. Conversely, a system that experiences errors with some interruption in service or graceful degradation of performance is termed 'resilient'. In resilience, the system adapts to the error, maintaining service but acknowledging a certain impact on performance. Typically, fault tolerance describes computer systems, ensuring the overall system remains functional despite hardware or software issues. Non-computing examples include structures that retain their integrity despite damage from fatigue, corrosion or impact. History The first known fault-tolerant computer was S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inter-process Communication
In computer science, interprocess communication (IPC) is the sharing of data between running Process (computing), processes in a computer system. Mechanisms for IPC may be provided by an operating system. Applications which use IPC are often categorized as client–server model, clients and servers, where the client requests data and the server responds to client requests. Many applications are both clients and servers, as commonly seen in distributed computing. IPC is very important to the design process for microkernels and nanokernels, which reduce the number of functionalities provided by the kernel. Those functionalities are then obtained by communicating with servers via IPC, leading to a large increase in communication when compared to a regular monolithic kernel. IPC interfaces generally encompass variable analytic framework structures. These processes ensure compatibility between the multi-vector protocols upon which IPC models rely. An IPC mechanism is either Synchroni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idit Keidar
Idit Keidar () is a professor of electrical engineering and an author of more than 180 articles which gave her an h-index of 38 and were cited more than 5,000 times. Some of them were published in such journals as '' Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing'' and ''SIAM Journal on Computing The ''SIAM Journal on Computing'' is a scientific journal focusing on the mathematical and formal aspects of computer science. It is published by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). Although its official ISO abbreviation i ...''. References Living people 20th-century births 21st-century Israeli engineers Academic staff of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Date of birth missing (living people) Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni Israeli women engineers 21st-century women engineers Year of birth missing (living people) Israeli electrical engineers 21st-century Israeli women engineers {{Israel-engineer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JGroups
JGroups is a library for reliable one-to-one or one-to-many communication written in the Java language. It can be used to create groups of processes whose members send messages to each other. JGroups enables developers to create reliable multipoint (multicast) applications where reliability is a deployment issue. JGroups also relieves the application developer from implementing this logic themselves. This saves significant development time and allows for the application to be deployed in different environments without having to change code. Features * Group creation and deletion. Group members can be spread across LANs or WANs * Joining and leaving of groups * Membership detection and notification about joined/left/crashed members * Detection and removal of crashed members * Sending and receiving of member-to-group messages (point-to-multipoint) * Sending and receiving of member-to-member messages (point-to-point) Code sample This code below demonstrates the implementat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SMART Multicast
SMART Multicast is an experimental method of secure reliable IP multicast. It allows a user to forward IP datagrams to an unlimited group of receivers. See the article on multicast for a general discussion of this subject - this article is specifically about SMART IP Multicast. SMART Multicast uses IP Multicast has been successfully deployed in private and controlled networking environments, for example; IP over fiber - cable TV operators, educational institutions with significant on-campus student housing and financial sector applications such as stock tickers and hoot-n-holler systems. However, IP multicast has been slow to be adopted in the interdomain routing environment. This is because the current interdomain infrastructure lacks the necessary tools to efficiently handle packet loss and the security needed to create a functional business model. SMART IP Multicast is an experimental protocol that enables the interdomain transmission of Secure Reliable IP Multicast, thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scalable Reliable Multicast
A Scalable Reliable Multicast protocol is a reliable multicast framework for lightweight sessions and application-level framing. The algorithms of this framework are efficient, robust, and scale well to both very large networks and very large sessions. Wb, the distributed whiteboard tool designed and implemented by McCanne and Jacobson, is the first application based on the Scalable Reliable Multicast framework. Overview Scalable Reliable Multicast is heavily based on the group delivery model that is the centerpiece of the IP multicast protocol. It attempts to follow the core design principles of transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP). It requires only the basic IP delivery model with possible duplication and reordering of packets and builds reliability on an end-to-end basis. The algorithms in Scalable Reliable Multicast dynamically adjust their control parameters based on the observed performance within a session like transmission control protocol adaptively s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pragmatic General Multicast
Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast computer network transport protocol. PGM provides a reliable sequence of packets to multiple recipients simultaneously, making it suitable for applications like multi-receiver file-transfer. ''Multicast'' is a network addressing method for the delivery of information to a group of destinations simultaneously using the most efficient strategy to deliver the messages over each link of the network only once, creating copies only when the links to the multiple destinations split (typically network switches and routers). However, like the User Datagram Protocol, multicast does not guarantee the delivery of a message stream. Messages may be dropped, delivered multiple times, or delivered out of order. A reliable multicast protocol, like PGM, adds the ability for receivers to detect lost and/or out-of-order messages and take corrective action (similar in principle to TCP), resulting in a gap-free, in-order message stream. Whil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Distribution Service
The Data Distribution Service (DDS) for real-time systems is an Object Management Group (OMG) machine-to-machine (sometimes called middleware or connectivity framework) standard that aims to enable dependable, high-performance, interoperable, real-time, scalable data exchanges using a publish–subscribe pattern. DDS addresses the real-time data exchange needs of applications within aerospace, defense, air-traffic control, autonomous vehicles, medical devices, robotics, power generation, simulation and testing, smart grid management, transportation systems, and other applications. Architecture Model DDS is a networking middleware that simplifies complex network programming. It implements a publish–subscribe pattern for sending and receiving data, events, and commands among the nodes. Nodes that produce information (publishers) create "topics" (e.g., temperature, location, pressure) and publish "samples". DDS delivers the samples to subscribers that declare an interest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corosync (project)
The Corosync Cluster Engine is an open source implementation of the Totem Single Ring Ordering and Membership protocol. It was originally derived from the OpenAIS project and licensed under the new BSD License. The mission of the Corosync effort is to develop, release, and support a community-defined, open source cluster. Features The Corosync Cluster Engine is a group communication system with additional features for implementing high availability within applications. The project provides four C application programming interface (API) features: * A closed process group communication model with virtual synchrony guarantees for creating replicated state machines. * A simple availability manager that restarts the application process when it has failed. * A configuration and statistics in-memory database that provides the ability to set, retrieve, and receive change notifications of information. * A quorum system that notifies applications when quorum is achieved or lost. The so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
