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Vermes In The 10th Edition Of Systema Naturae
In 1758, in the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the Swedish scientist and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus described the class "Vermes" as: Animals of slow motion, soft substance, able to increase their bulk and restore parts which have been destroyed, extremely tenacious of life, and the inhabitants of moist places. Many of them are without a distinct head, and most of them without feet. They are principally distinguished by their tentacles (or feelers). By the Ancients they were not improperly called imperfect animals, as being destitute of ears, nose, head, eyes and legs; and are therefore totally distinct from Insects. Linnaean Characteristics *Heart: 1 auricle, 0 ventricles. Cold, pus-like blood. *Spiracles: obscure *Jaw: various *Penis: frequently hermaphrodites *Organs of Sense: tentacles (generally), eyes, no brain, no ears, no nostrils *Covering: calcareous or none, except spines *Supports: no feet, no fins. Crawls in moist places & are mute The class Vermes, as Linnaeus co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scientist
A scientist is a person who Scientific method, researches to advance knowledge in an Branches of science, area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, philosophers engaged in the philosophical study of nature called natural philosophy, a precursor of natural science. Though Thales ( 624–545 BC) was arguably the first scientist for describing how cosmic events may be seen as natural, not necessarily caused by gods,Frank N. Magill''The Ancient World: Dictionary of World Biography'', Volume 1 Routledge, 2003 it was not until the 19th century in science, 19th century that the term ''scientist'' came into regular use after it was coined by the theologian, philosopher, and historian of science William Whewell in 1833. History The roles of "scientists", and their predecessors before the emergence of modern scientific disciplines, have evolved considerably over time. Scientists of different er ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascaris
''Ascaris'' is a nematode genus of parasitic worms known as the "small intestinal roundworms". One species, ''Ascaris lumbricoides'', affects humans and causes the disease ascariasis. Another species, ''Ascaris suum'', typically infects pigs. Other ascarid genera infect other animals, such as '' Parascaris equorum'', the equine roundworm, and '' Toxocara'' and '' Toxascaris'', which infect dogs and cats. Their eggs are deposited in feces and soil. Plants with the eggs on them infect any organism that consumes them. ''A. lumbricoides'' is the largest intestinal roundworm and is the most common helminth infection of humans worldwide. Infestation can cause morbidity by compromising nutritional status, affecting cognitive processes, inducing tissue reactions such as granuloma to larval stages, and by causing intestinal obstruction, which can be fatal. Morphology and Anatomy * Adult: cylindrical shape, creamy white or pinkish in color * Male: average ; more slender than the fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piscicola Geometra
''Piscicola'' is a genus of leeches Leeches are segmented parasitic or predatory worms that comprise the subclass Hirudinea within the phylum Annelida. They are closely related to the oligochaetes, which include the earthworm, and like them have soft, muscular segmented bod ... belonging to the family Piscicolidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America. Species: * '' Piscicola annae'' Bielecki, 1997 * '' Piscicola borowieci'' Bielecki, 1997 * '' Piscicola geometra'' References {{Authority control Piscicolidae Animals described in 1818 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossiphonia Complanata
''Glossiphonia'' is a genus of Glossiphoniidae. The genus was described in 1816 by James Rawlins Johnson. It has cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of the Earth, in appropriate habitats; most cosmopolitan species are known to be highly adaptable to a range of climatic and en .... Species: * '' Glossiphonia complanata'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * '' Glossiphonia concolor'' (Aphathy, 1888) * '' Glossiphonia heteroclita'' (Linnaeus, 1761) * '' Glossiphonia lata'' (Oka, 1910) * '' Glossiphonia smaragdina'' (Oka, 1910) * '' Glossiphonia verrucata'' (Müller, 1844) References {{Taxonbar, from=Q5142907 Glossiphoniidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neotropical Biology And Conservation
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical realm is one of the eight terrestrial realms. This realm includes South America, Central America, the Caribbean Islands, and southern North America. In Mexico, the Yucatán Peninsula and southern lowlands, and most of the east and west coastlines, including the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula are Neotropical. In the United States southern Florida and coastal Central Florida are considered Neotropical. The realm also includes temperate southern South America. In contrast, the Neotropical Floristic Kingdom excludes southernmost South America, which instead is placed in the Antarctic kingdom. The Neotropic is delimited by similarities in fauna or flora. Its fauna and flora are distinct fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helobdella Stagnalis
''Helobdella stagnalis'' is a species of leech. The species was described in 1758 by Carolus Linnaeus as ''Hirudo stagnalis''. It has cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of the Earth, in appropriate habitats; most cosmopolitan species are known to be highly adaptable to a range of climatic and en .... References Glossiphoniidae Animals described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus {{Annelid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fauna Europaea
Fauna Europaea is a database of the scientific names and distribution of all living multicellular European land and fresh-water animals. It serves as a standard taxonomic source for animal taxonomy within the Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI). , Fauna Europaea reported that their database contained 235,708 taxon names and 173,654 species names. Its construction was initially funded by the European Commission (2000–2004). The project was co-ordinated by the University of Amsterdam The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA, ) is a public university, public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Established in 1632 by municipal authorities, it is the fourth-oldest academic institution in the Netherlan ... which launched the first version in 2004. The Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin took over the hosting of the web portal in 2013, and a new web portal was launched in 2015. References External links * * * * PESI – a taxonomic ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erpobdella Octoculata
''Erpobdella octoculata'' is a freshwater leech in the Erpobdellidae family. This species can be found in Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East (Iran and Turkey). Description This tube-shaped species ranges from 3–7 cm long. Like all leeches, ''E. octoculata'' has 32 fixed segments. Segments 1–4 contain the head, along with the brain, and oral sucker. The mid-body is composed of segments 5–25 where bodily organs are. The tail sucker is housed in segments 26–32. The body color of ''E. octoculata'' ranges from yellow-green to a reddish-brown. This color depends on the amount of non-pigmented spots surrounding the sensory buds. Individuals with a higher percentage of non-pigmented spots on their dorsum appear yellow-green. Those with a higher percentage of pigment appear a reddish-brown. Body color also corresponds to different substrates at the bottoms of aqueous habitats such as stones (lighter color) or plants (darker color). ''Erpobdella octoculata'' ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hirudo Medicinalis
''Hirudo medicinalis'', or the European medicinal leech, is one of several species of leeches used as medicinal leeches. Other species of ''Hirudo'' sometimes also used as medicinal leeches include ''Hirudo orientalis, H. orientalis'', ''Hirudo troctina, H. troctina'', and ''Hirudo verbana, H. verbana''. The Asian medicinal leech includes ''Hirudinaria manillensis'', and the North American medicinal leech is Macrobdella decora, ''Macrobdella decora''. Medicinal leech populations were reduced significantly in many countries during the 19th century due to the high demand in medical contexts, and remain endangered in many countries today. Morphology The general morphology (biology), morphology of medicinal leeches follows that of most other leeches. Fully mature adults can be up to 20 centimeters in length, and are green, brown, or greenish-brown with a darker tone on the Dorsum (biology), dorsal side and a lighter ventral side. The dorsal side also has a thin red stripe. These or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haemopis Sanguisuga
''Haemopis sanguisuga'' is a species of freshwater leech in the family Haemopidae. It is commonly called the horse-leech, but that is due to the similarity of its appearance to the leech '' Limnatis nilotica'', which sometimes enters the nasal cavities of livestock. ''Haemopis sanguisuga'' does not behave in this way. Another synonym for this leech is ''Aulastomum gulo''. Description ''Haemopis sanguisuga'' can reach a length of , a similar size to the medicinal leech ''Hirudo medicinalis'', but can extend to a greater length when stretched out. The body is segmented; the upper surface is brownish-black, usually a solid colour but sometimes with streaks and spots, and the under surface is yellowish-grey or olive. There are two suckers, a small one at the anterior end and a larger one at the posterior end. There is a crescent-shaped grouping of five pairs of eyes on the head. Distribution and habitat ''Haemopis sanguisuga'' is a freshwater leech and is found across most of Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leech
Leeches are segmented parasitism, parasitic or Predation, predatory worms that comprise the Class (biology), subclass Hirudinea within the phylum Annelida. They are closely related to the Oligochaeta, oligochaetes, which include the earthworm, and like them have soft, muscular segmented bodies that can lengthen and contract. Both groups are hermaphrodites and have a clitellum, but leeches typically differ from the oligochaetes in having suckers at both ends and ring markings that do not correspond with their internal segmentation. The body is muscular and relatively solid; the coelom, the spacious body cavity found in other annelids, is reduced to small channels. The majority of leeches live in freshwater habitats, while some species can be found in terrestrial or marine environments. The best-known species, such as the medicinal leech, ''Hirudo medicinalis'', are hematophagous, attaching themselves to a host with a sucker and feeding on blood, having first secreted the pepti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fasciola Hepatica
''Fasciola hepatica'', also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, is a parasitism, parasitic trematode (fluke (flatworm), fluke or flatworm, a type of helminth) of the class (biology), class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes. It infects the livers of various mammals, including humans, and is transmitted by sheep and cattle to humans all over the world. The disease caused by the fluke (flatworm), fluke is called fasciolosis or fascioliasis, which is a type of helminthiasis and has been classified as a neglected tropical disease. Fasciolosis is currently classified as a plant/food-borne trematode infection, often acquired through eating the parasite's Trematode life cycle stages, metacercariae encysted on plants. ''F. hepatica'', which is distributed worldwide, has been known as an important parasite of sheep and cattle for decades and causes significant economic losses in these livestock species, up to £23'' ''million in the UK alone. Because of its relat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
