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Venus's Atmosphere
The atmosphere of Venus is the very dense layer of gases surrounding the planet Venus. Venus's atmosphere is composed of 96.5% carbon dioxide and 3.5% nitrogen, with other chemical compounds present only in trace amounts. It is much denser and hotter than that of Earth; the temperature at the surface is 740 K (467 °C, 872 °F), and the pressure is , roughly the pressure found under water on Earth. The atmosphere of Venus supports decks of opaque clouds of sulfuric acid that cover the entire planet, preventing optical Earth-based and orbital observation of the surface. Information about surface topography has been obtained exclusively by radar imaging. Aside from the very surface layers, the atmosphere is in a state of vigorous circulation. The upper layer of troposphere exhibits a phenomenon of super-rotation, in which the atmosphere circles the planet in just four Earth days, much faster than the planet's sidereal day of 243 days. The winds supporting super-r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molar Fraction
In chemistry, the Mole (unit), mole fraction or molar fraction, also called mole proportion or molar proportion, is a quantity (science), quantity defined as the ratio between the amount of substance, amount of a constituent substance, ''ni'' (expressed in unit of measurement, unit of mole (unit), moles, symbol mol), and the total amount of all constituents in a mixture, ''n''tot (also expressed in moles): :x_i = \frac It is mathematical symbol, denoted ''xi'' (lowercase Latin alphabet, Roman letter ''x''), sometimes (lowercase Greek alphabet, Greek letter Chi (letter), chi). (For mixtures of gases, the letter ''y'' is recommended.) It is a dimensionless quantity with dimension (physics), dimension of \mathsf/\mathsf and dimensionless unit of moles per mole (mol/mol or molmol−1) or simply 1; metric prefixes may also be used (e.g., nmol/mol for nano-, 10−9). When expressed in percent, it is known as the mole percent or molar percentage (unit symbol %, sometimes "mol%", equival ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
