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Utang Na Loob
''Utang na loob'' (Visayan: ''utang kabubut-un'') is a Filipino cultural trait which, when translated literally, means "a debt of one's inner self (''loob'')." Charles Kaut translated the term in 1961 as a "debt of gratitude," while Tomas Andres took his cue from Kaut when he translated it in 1994 as "reciprocity," but Virgilio Enriquez suggests a more accurate translation in combining the concepts of "gratitude/solidarity." Pe Pua and Marcelino point out that utang na loob does not imply the sense of "burden" inherent to Kaut and Andres' translations. In the study of Filipino psychology Filipino psychology, or ''Sikolohiyang Pilipino'', in Filipino, is defined as the psychology rooted on the experience, ideas, and cultural orientation of the Filipinos. It was formalized in 1975 by the Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino' ..., ''utang na loob'' is considered an important "accommodative surface value", along with ''hiya'' (propriety/dignity) and ''pakikisama'' (comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visayan Languages
The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the languages of the Philippines, Philippines. They are most closely related to Tagalog language, Tagalog and the Bikol languages, all of which are part of the Central Philippine languages. Most Bisayan languages are spoken in the whole Visayas section of the country, but they are also spoken in the southern part of the Bicol Region (particularly in Masbate and Sorsogon where several dialects of Waray language, Waray are spoken), islands south of Luzon, such as those that make up Romblon, most of the areas of Mindanao and the province of Sulu Province, Sulu located southwest of Mindanao. Some residents of Metro Manila also speak one of the Bisayan languages. Over 30 languages constitute the Bisayan language family. The Bisayan language with the most speakers is Cebuano language, Cebuano, spoken by 20 million people as a native language in Central Visayas, parts of Eastern Visayas, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of The Philippines
The culture of the Philippines is characterized by cultural diversity. Although the multiple ethnic groups of the Philippine archipelago have only recently established a shared Filipino national identity, their cultures were all shaped by the geography and history of the region, and by centuries of interaction with neighboring cultures, and colonial powers. In more recent times, Filipino culture has also been influenced through its participation in the global community. " History Among the contemporary ethnic groups of the Philippine archipelago, the Negritos are generally considered the earliest settlers; today, although few in numbers, they preserve a very traditional way of life and culture. After those early settlers, the Austronesians arrived on the archipelago. The Austronesian culture is strongly evident in the ethnic majority and languages. Before the arrival of European colonizers in the 1500s, the various ethnic groups of the Philippines were organized into various i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loob
In Philippine culture, loob or kalooban refers to one's inner self, or, more specifically, to the internal dimension of a person's identity. Its external counterpart is ''labas'' - the physical, outward appearance. Loob is a core concept in Filipino Psychology, a field which is unthinkable without both the internal and external dimensions, "''loob''"/"''labas''". Loob or kalooban has been compared to similar concepts in other Southeast Asian and Oceanian cultures, such as the Indonesian concept of ''batin'' or ''kebatinan''. Loob as a psycho-moral reality: Katauhan at Pagkatao ''"Walang sarili kung walang loob."'' According to a publication by Dionisio M. Miranda entitled ''Loob--The Filipino Within'', Loob can be viewed as a ''psycho-moral reality''. This part of the publication says that Loob is made of two more concepts, and these are katauhan and pagkatao. From this, katauhan and pagkatao seem like similar concepts, but they translate to ''personality'' and ''charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virgilio Enriquez
Virgilio G. Enriquez (November 24, 1942 – August 31, 1994), also known as Doc E, was a social psychologist and the Father of Filipino psychology "''Ama ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino"''. He was born on November 24, 1942, at Santol, Balagtas formally Bigaa, Bulacan. He was the youngest of 5 children to Arsenio Libiran Enriquez and Rosario Galvez Gaspar. He is the founder of the ''Pambansang Samahan sa Sikolohiyang Pilipino'', (corporate name: National Association for Sikolohiyang Pilipino, Inc.). Through his efforts and discoveries, the concept of psychology has gradually been acknowledged by more people in the Philippines and other non-western cultures. The research model he used provided valuable information on culture-as-target and culture-as-source approach which have a tremendous influence in regulating practical applications. Before Enriquez, the study of psychology in the Philippines was not productive due to a language barrier; a large amount of psychological literature f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
