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UnxUtils
UnxUtils is a collection of ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities to native Win32, with executables only depending on the Microsoft C- runtime msvcrt.dll. The collection was last updated externally on April 15, 2003, by Karl M. Syring. The most recent release package available was an open-source project, UnxUtils at SourceForge, with the latest binary release in March, 2007 (though the files within are dated from the year 2000). The independent distribution included a main zip archive (UnxUtils.zip, 3,365,638 bytes) complemented by more recent updates (UnxUpdates.zip, 878,847 bytes, brought some binaries up to year 2003), but the SourceForge project has no UnxUpdates.zip package. An alternative source of Unix-like utilities for Windows is GnuWin32; it has later versions of many programs, but requires supporting files (e.g. DLLs) in many cases. The utilities included are: * agrep.exe *ansi2knr.exe *basename.exe * bc.exe *bison.exe *bunzip2.exe * bzip2.exe *bzip2recover.exe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GnuWin32
The G''nu''W''in''32 project provides native ports in the form of executable computer programs, patches, and source code for various GNU and open source tools and software, much of it modified to run on the 32-bit Windows platform. The ports included in the G''nu''W''in''32 packages are: * GNU utilities such as bc, bison, chess, Coreutils, diffutils, ed, Flex, gawk, gettext, grep, Groff, gzip, iconv, less, m4, patch, readline, rx, sharutils, sed, tar, texinfo, units, Wget, which. *Archive management and compression tools, such as: arc, arj, bzip2, gzip, lha, zip, zlib. * Non-GNU utilities such as: cygutils, file, ntfsprogs, OpenSSL, PCRE. * Graphics tools. * PDCurses. * Tools for processing text. * Mathematical software and statistics software. Most programs have dependencies (typically DLLs), so that the executable files cannot simply be run in Windows unless files they depend upon are available. An alternative set of ported programs is UnxUtils; these are usually o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cmp (Unix)
In computing, cmp is a command-line utility on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that compares two files of any type and writes the results to the standard output. By default, cmp is silent if the files are the same; if they differ, the byte and line number at which the first difference occurred is reported. The command is also available in the OS-9 shell. History is part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX.1 and the Single Unix Specification. It first appeared in Version 1 Unix. The version of cmp bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Torbjorn Granlund and David MacKenzie. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities. The command has also been ported to the IBM i operating system. Switches cmp may be qualified by the use of command-line switches. The switches supported by notable implementa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cksum
cksum is a command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems that generates a checksum value for a file or stream of data. The cksum command reads each file given in its arguments, or standard input if no arguments are provided, and outputs the file's 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum and byte count. The CRC output by cksum is different from the CRC-32 used in zip, PNG and zlib. The cksum command can be used to verify that files transferred by unreliable means arrived intact. However, the CRC checksum calculated by the cksum command is not cryptographically secure: While it guards against ''accidental'' corruption (it is unlikely that the corrupted data will have the same checksum as the intended data), it is not difficult for an attacker to ''deliberately'' corrupt the file in a specific way that its checksum is unchanged. Unix-like systems typically include other commands for cryptographically secure checksums, such as sha256sum. The command is available as a separat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chown
The command , an abbreviation of ''change owner'', is used on Unix and Unix-like operating systems to change the owner of file system files, directories. Unprivileged (regular) users who wish to change the group membership of a file that they own may use . The ownership of any file in the system may only be altered by a super-user. A user cannot ''give away'' ownership of a file, even when the user owns it. Similarly, only a member of a group can change a file's ''group ID'' to that group. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities. The command has also been ported to the IBM i operating system. See also * chgrp * chmod * takeown Windows Vista contains a range of new technologies and features that are intended to help network administrators and power users better manage their systems. Notable changes include a complete replacement of both the Windows Setup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chmod
In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, is the command (computing), command and system call used to change the File-system permissions, access permissions and the #Special modes, special mode flags (the setuid, ''setuid'', ''setgid'', and sticky bit, ''sticky'' flags) of file system objects (Computer file, files and Directory (computing), directories). Collectively these were originally called its modes, and the name was chosen as an abbreviation of ''change mode''. History A command first appeared in AT&T Corporation, AT&T Unix, UNIX version 1, along with the system call. As systems grew in number and types of users, access-control lists were added to many file systems in addition to these most basic modes to increase flexibility. The version of bundled in GNU coreutils was written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of Native (computing), native Windows API, Win32 por ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basename
basename is a standard computer program on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. When basename is given a pathname, it will delete any prefix up to the last slash ('/') character and return the result. basename is described in the Single UNIX Specification and is primarily used in shell scripts. History was introduced in X/Open Portability Guidelines issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX and the Single Unix Specification. It first appeared in 4.4BSD. The version of basename bundled in GNU coreutils was written by David MacKenzie. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the GnuWin32 project and the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities. Usage The Single UNIX Specification specification for basename is. basename string uffix :string ::A pathname :suffix ::If specified, basename will also delete the suffix. Examples basename will retrieve the last name from a pathname i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operating System
An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources. For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer from cellular phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers. The dominant general-purpose personal computer operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 74.99%. macOS by Apple Inc. is in second place (14.84%), and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byte
The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit of memory in many computer architectures. To disambiguate arbitrarily sized bytes from the common 8-bit definition, network protocol documents such as The Internet Protocol () refer to an 8-bit byte as an octet. Those bits in an octet are usually counted with numbering from 0 to 7 or 7 to 0 depending on the bit endianness. The first bit is number 0, making the eighth bit number 7. The size of the byte has historically been hardware-dependent and no definitive standards existed that mandated the size. Sizes from 1 to 48 bits have been used. The six-bit character code was an often-used implementation in early encoding systems, and computers using six-bit and nine-bit bytes were common in the 1960s. These systems often had memory words ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chgrp
The (from change group) command may be used by unprivileged users on various operating systems to change the group associated with a file system object (such as a computer file, directory, or link) to one of which they are a member. A file system object has 3 sets of access permissions, one set for the owner, one set for the group and one set for others. Changing the group of an object could be used to change which users can write to a file. History The command was originally developed as part of the Unix operating system by AT&T Bell Laboratories. It is also available in the Plan 9 and Inferno operating systems and in most Unix-like systems. The command has also been ported to the IBM i operating system. Syntax chgrp 'options''''group'' ''FSO'' * The ''group'' parameter specifies the new group with which the files or directories should be associated. It may either be a symbolic name or an identifier. * The ''FSO'' specifies one or more file system objects, which may be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cat (Unix)
cat is a standard Unix utility that reads files sequentially, writing them to standard output. The name is derived from its function to (con)catenate files (from Latin ''catenare'', "to chain"). It has been ported to a number of operating systems. History cat was part of the early versions of Unix, e.g., Version 1, and replaced pr, a PDP-7 and Multics utility for copying a single file to the screen. It was written by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. The version of cat bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard Stallman. The ReactOS version was written by David Welch, Semyon Novikov, and Hermès Bélusca. Over time, alternative utilities such as tac and bat also became available, bringing different new features. Usage The Single Unix Specification defines the operation of cat to read files in the sequence given in its arguments, writing their contents to the standard output in the same sequence. The specification mandates the support of one option fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNU Bison
GNU Bison, commonly known as Bison, is a parser generator that is part of the GNU Project. Bison reads a specification in the BNF notation (a context-free language), warns about any parsing ambiguities, and generates a parser that reads sequences of tokens and decides whether the sequence conforms to the syntax specified by the grammar. The generated parsers are portable: they do not require any specific compilers. Bison by default generates LALR(1) parsers but it can also generate canonical LR, IELR(1) and GLR parsers. In POSIX mode, Bison is compatible with Yacc, but also has several extensions over this earlier program, including * Generation of counterexamples for conflicts * Location tracking (e.g., file, line, column) * Rich and internationalizable syntax error messages in the generated parsers * Customizable syntax error generation, * Reentrant parsers * Push parsers, with autocompletion * Support for named references * Several types of reports (graphical, XML) on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
