|
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1481
United Nations Security Council resolution 1481, adopted unanimously on 19 May 2003, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 1166 (1998), 1329 (2000), 1411 (2002) and 1431 (2002), the Council amended the statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to allow temporary judges to adjudicate in pre-trial proceedings in other cases before their appointment to a trial. The Security Council was convinced of the need to enhance the powers of ad litem judges at the ICTY to allow them to adjudicate in other pre-trial proceedings before their appointment to a trial, and, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, amended the statute accordingly. The change was proposed by Theodor Meron, the president of the ICTY, who added that the measure would make efficient use of temporary judges' time and incur no extra costs on the United Nations. See also * Bosnian Genocide * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1401 to 1500 (2002– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a United Nations resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council (UNSC); the United Nations (UN) body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security". The UN Charter specifies (in Article 27) that a draft resolution on non-procedural matters is adopted if nine or more of the fifteen Council members vote for the resolution, and if it is not vetoed by any of the five permanent members. Draft resolutions on "procedural matters" can be adopted on the basis of an affirmative vote by any nine Council members. The five permanent members are the People's Republic of China (which replaced the Republic of China in 1971), France, Russia (which replaced the defunct Soviet Union in 1991), the United Kingdom, and the United States. , the Security Council has passed 2662 resolutions. Terms and functions mentioned in the UN Charter The term "resolution" does not appear in the text ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 827
United Nations Security Council resolution 827, adopted unanimously on 25 May 1993, after reaffirming United Nations Security Council Resolution 713, Resolution 713 (1991) and all subsequent resolutions on the topic of the former Yugoslavia, approved report :w:File:UN Secretary-General Report S25704.pdf, S/25704 of Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, with the Statute of the International Tribunal as an annex, establishing the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Still alarmed at violations of international humanitarian law in former Yugoslavia and especially in Bosnia and Herzegovina, including mass killings, systematic Detention (imprisonment), detention and rape of women and ethnic cleansing, the resolution determined that the situation continued to pose a threat to international peace and security, further announcing its intention to bring an end to such crimes and bring justice to the victims. The council decided that the establishment of a tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1166
United Nations Security Council resolution 1166, adopted unanimously on 13 May 1998, after recalling United Nations Security Council Resolution 827, Resolution 827 (1993), the council established a third trial chamber at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The Security Council was convinced that the prosecution of those responsible for violations of international humanitarian law in the former Yugoslavia would contribute to the maintenance of peace in the region. It also recognised the need to increase the number of trial judges and chambers at the ICTY in order to try the large number of people awaiting trial. Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the council established a third trial chamber at the ICTY and decided that three additional judges would be elected as soon as possible to serve in the new chamber. A list of nominations of between six and nine judges would be established. Finally, the Secretary-General Kofi Annan was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1329
United Nations Security Council resolution 1329, adopted unanimously on 30 November 2000, after recalling United Nations Security Council resolution, resolutions United Nations Security Council Resolution 827, 827 (1993) and United Nations Security Council Resolution 955, 955 (1994), the Council enlarged the appeals chambers at both the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), proposed the election of two additional judges at the ICTR and established a pool of ad litem judges at the ICTY. The security council remained convinced that persons responsible for violations of international humanitarian law in Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. Noting progress made to improve the procedures at both tribunals, it also emphasised the need for both to complete trials at the earliest possible date. The tribunals had preferred to try civilian, military and paramilitary leaders over minor actors. Acting under Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1411
United Nations Security Council resolution 1411, adopted unanimously on 17 May 2002, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 955 (1994), 1165 (1998), 1166 (1998) and 1329 (2000), the Council amended the statutes of the International Criminal Tribunals for Rwanda (ICTR) and the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to address the issue of judges holding dual nationalities. The Security Council recognised that judges at the ICTR and ICTY may bear the nationalities of two or more countries and that one such person in this position had been elected to serve at one of the tribunals. It considered that such persons should bear the nationality of the state in which they normally exercise civil and political rights. Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the statutes for both tribunals were amended accordingly to include this provision. See also * Bosnian Genocide * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1401 to 1500 (2002–2003) * Rwandan genocide * Yugoslav Wars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1431
United Nations Security Council resolution 1431, adopted unanimously on 14 August 2002, after recalling resolutions 827 (1993), 955 (1994), 1165 (1998), 1166 (1998), 1329 (2000) and 1411 (2002), the council established a pool of temporary judges at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) in order for it to complete its work as soon as possible. The security council was determined to monitor the progress of the ICTR as closely as possible and was convinced of the need to establish a pool of ad litem judges in order to facilitate the conclusion of its work. Under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, a pool of temporary judges was created and amendments were made to the statutes of the ICTR and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) accordingly. The secretary-general Kofi Annan was requested to make arrangements for the election of 18 temporary judges and provision of resources to the tribunal. Finally, all countries were urged to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Criminal Tribunal For The Former Yugoslavia
The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was a body of the United Nations that was established to prosecute the war crimes that had been committed during the Yugoslav Wars and to try their perpetrators. The tribunal was an ''ad hoc'' court located in The Hague, Netherlands. It was established by Resolution 827 of the United Nations Security Council, which was passed on 25 May 1993. It had jurisdiction over four clusters of crimes committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991: grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, violations of the laws or customs of war, genocide, and crimes against humanity. The maximum sentence that it could impose was life imprisonment. Various countries signed agreements with the UN to carry out custodial sentences. A total of 161 persons were indicted; the final indictments were issued in December 2004, the last of which were confirmed and unsealed in the spring of 2005. The final fugitive, Goran Hadžić, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chapter VII Of The United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace and security". Rationale The UN Charter's prohibition of member states of the UN attacking other UN member states is central to the purpose for which the UN was founded in the wake of the destruction of World War II: to prevent war. This overriding concern is also reflected in the Nuremberg Trials' concept of a crime against peace "starting or waging a war against the territorial integrity, political independence or sovereignty of a state, or in violation of international treaties or agreements" (crime against peace), which was held to be the crime that makes all war crimes possible. Chapter VII also gives the Military Staff Committee responsibility for strategic coordination of force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodor Meron
Theodor Meron, (born 28 April 1930) is an Israeli-American judge. He served as a judge of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), and the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (Mechanism). He served as President of the ICTY four times (2002-2005 and 2011–15) and inaugural President of the Mechanism for three terms (2012–19). Early life Born in Kalisz, Second Polish Republic, Poland, to a Jewish family. Meron received his legal education at the Hebrew University (M.J.), Harvard Law School (LL.M., J.S.D.) and Cambridge University (Diploma in Public International Law). He immigrated to the United States in 1978 and is a citizen of the United States . Legal career Prior to his immigration to the United States, Meron was a legal adviser of the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Starting in 1977, he has served as a Professor of International Law at the Geneva Graduate Institute of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosnian Genocide
The Bosnian genocide ( bs, bosanski genocid) refers to either the Srebrenica massacre or the wider crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing campaign throughout areas controlled by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) during the Bosnian War of 1992–1995. The events in Srebrenica in 1995 included the killing of more than 8,000 Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) men and boys, as well as the mass expulsion of another 25,000–30,000 Bosniak civilians by VRS units under the command of General Ratko Mladić. The ethnic cleansing that took place in VRS-controlled areas targeted Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats. The ethnic cleansing campaign included extermination, unlawful confinement, mass rape, sexual assault, torture, plunder and destruction of private and public property, and inhumane treatment of civilians; the targeting of political leaders, intellectuals, and professionals; the unlawful deportation and transfer of civilians; the unlawful shelling of civilians; the unlawful appropriation a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1401 To 1500
This is a list of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1401 to 1500 adopted between 28 March 2002 and 14 August 2003. See also * Lists of United Nations Security Council resolutions * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1301 to 1400 * List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1501 to 1600 This is a list of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1501 to 1600 adopted between 26 August 2003 and 4 May 2005. See also * Lists of United Nations Security Council resolutions * List of United Nations Security Council Resolution ... {{United Nations *1401 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Wars
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related#Naimark, Naimark (2003), p. xvii. ethnic conflicts, wars of independence, and Insurgency, insurgencies that took place in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia from 1991 to 2001. The conflicts both led up to and resulted from the breakup of Yugoslavia, which began in mid-1991, into six independent countries matching the six entities known as republics which previously composed Yugoslavia: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, and North Macedonia (previously named ''Macedonia''). Yugoslavia's constituent republics declared independence due to unresolved tensions between ethnic minorities in the new countries, which fuelled the wars. While most of the conflicts ended through peace accords that involved full international recognition of new states, they resulted in a massive number of deaths as well as severe economic damage to the region. During the initial stages of the breaku ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
