Union For Democracy And Republic (Chad)
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Union For Democracy And Republic (Chad)
The Union for Democracy and Republic (''Union pour la Démocratie et la République'' or UDR) is a Chadian political party founded in 1992. In March the party elected as its president Jean Alingué Bawoyeu, who had just left the position of Prime Minister. In the parliamentary election of 1997 the party took 4 seats and initially supported the president Idriss Déby. Before the parliamentary elections, between 1995 and 1997, the Prime Minister was Koibla Djimasta, himself of the UDR. During the previous presidential elections A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. Elections by country Albania The president of Albania is elected by the Assembly of Albania who are elected by the Albanian public. Chile The pr ... held in 1996 the party's candidate, Alingué, gained most of his votes in his native Tandjilé Prefecture, where he obtained the 39.69% of the popular vote, but also came second in the capital N'Djamena, wher ...
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Chad
Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon to the southwest, Nigeria to the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to the west. Chad has a population of 16 million, of which 1.6 million live in the capital and largest city of N'Djamena. Chad has several regions: a desert zone in the north, an arid Sahelian belt in the centre and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the second-largest wetland in Africa. Chad's official languages are Arabic and French. It is home to over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups. Islam (55.1%) and Christianity (41.1%) are the main religions practiced in Chad. Beginning in the 7th millennium BC, human populations moved into the Chadian basin in great numbe ...
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Jean Alingué Bawoyeu
Jean Alingué Bawoyeu (born August 18, 1937), known in French as the ''vieux sage'', which translates as "wise elder", is a Chadian politician who was Prime Minister of Chad from 1991 to 1992. During the 1970s, he served successively as Ambassador to the United States and France. Later, he was President of the National Assembly in 1990. He served in the government as Minister of Justice from 2008 to 2010 and as Minister of Posts and New Information Technologies from 2010 to 2013. A Christian, his base of support is in Tandjilé, in southern Chad, from which he originates. Early career Alingué was born at Fort Lamy in 1937. A largely self-educated man, he started his career by entering the civil service in 1953, where he first served as a clerk in the capital's city treasury. Five years later he had risen to the position of city controller, and, with the independence of Chad from France, he attended the National Treasury School, in Paris between 1960 and 1961. On his return to ...
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Chadian Parliamentary Election, 1997
Parliamentary elections were held in Chad on 5 January 1997, with a second round on 23 February. They were the first multi-party elections since independence in 1960 and resulted in a victory for the ruling Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS), which won 65 of the 124 seats in the National Assembly. However, the elections were marred by electoral fraud widespread vote rigging, and local irregularities marred these elections, as the 1996 presidential elections. Voter turnout was 45.6% in the first round and 45.3% in the second.Dieter Nohlen, Michael Krennerich & Bernhard Thibaut (1999) ''Elections in Africa: A data handbook'' p233 Electoral system The elections were held using the two round system. Candidates had to win a majority of the vote in the first round to be elected. In constituencies where no candidate received a majority, a second round was held. Campaign A total of 30 parties contested the elections, putting forward 656 candidates.
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Idriss Déby
Idriss Déby Itno ' (18 June 1952 – 20 April 2021) was a Chadian politician and military officer who was the president of Chad from 1990 until his death in 2021. Déby was a member of the Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. A high-ranking commander of President Hissène Habré's military during the 1980s, Déby played important roles in the Toyota War which led to Chad's victory during the Libyan-Chadian conflict. He was later purged by Habré after being suspected of plotting a coup, and was forced into exile in Libya. He took power by leading a coup d'état against Habré in December 1990. Despite introducing a multi-party system in 1992 after several decades of one-party rule under his predecessors, throughout his presidency, his Patriotic Salvation Movement was the dominant party. Déby won presidential elections in 1996 and 2001, and after term limits were eliminated he won again in 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021. During the Second Congo War, Déby briefly ordered mili ...
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Koibla Djimasta
Koibla Djimasta (1950 – January 30, 2007) was a Chadian politician of Sara ethnicity from the southern Chari-Baguirmi Prefecture. An administrator, Djimasta held various cabinet positions under Presidents Hissène Habré and Idriss Déby, beginning with his appointment as Minister of Health and Social Affairs in the cabinet created by Habré on October 21, 1982, shortly after his rise to power. After the rise of Déby to power and the legalization of opposition political parties, he became a member of the Union for Democracy and the Republic, founded in 1992, and was a leading figure in the party, together with Jean Alingué Bawoyeu. A shrewd politician, Djimasta was appointed as Minister of the Interior on May 22, 1992, serving in that position until 1993. He headed a commission, composed of representatives of the government, political parties, and civil society, that was responsible for preparing for the Sovereign National Conference; the commission was created by Presid ...
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Chadian Presidential Election, 1996
Presidential elections were held in Chad on 2 June 1996, with a second round on 3 July. They were the first multiparty presidential elections in the history of Chad and occurred at the end of a long transitional process after repeated delays. The elections were won by the incumbent President Idriss Déby, who easily defeated a prominent southern politician, Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué, in the second round. Déby benefited from the support of another southern politician, Saleh Kebzabo, who was placed third in the first round. The election was marred by widespread and credible reports of electoral fraud and government intimidation of opposition forces, confirmed by international observers. Voter turnout was 67.5% in the first round and 77.7% in the second. Following his victory, Déby was sworn in on 8 August 1996.LE PRÉSIDEN ...
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Tandjilé Prefecture
Tandjilé may refer to: * Tandjilé Prefecture, one of the 14 Prefectures of Chad, which existed from 1960, the year of independence, to 1999 * Tandjilé Region Tandjilé may refer to: * Tandjilé Prefecture, one of the 14 Prefectures of Chad, which existed from 1960, the year of independence, to 1999 * Tandjilé Region Tandjilé may refer to: * Tandjilé Prefecture, one of the 14 Prefectures of Chad, whic ...
, one of the regions of Chad, established in 2002 {{geodis ...
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N'Djamena
N'Djamena ( ) is the capital and largest city of Chad. It is also a special statute region, divided into 10 districts or ''arrondissements''. The city serves as the centre of economic activity in Chad. Meat, fish and cotton processing are the chief industries, and it is a regional market for livestock, salt, dates, and grains. It is a port city located at the confluence of the Logone River with the Chari River, forming a transborder agglomeration with the city of Kousséri (in Cameroon), capital of the Department of Logone-et-Chari, which is on the west bank of both rivers. It had 1,093,492 inhabitants in 2013. History N'Djamena was founded as Fort-Lamy by French commander Émile Gentil on 29 May 1900, and named after Amédée-François Lamy, an army officer who had been killed in the Battle of Kousséri about a month earlier. It was a major trading city and became the capital of the region and nation. During the Second World War, the French relied upon the city's airpor ...
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Chadian Parliamentary Election, 2002
Parliamentary elections were held in Chad on 21 April 2002.Elections held in 2002
IPU
The result was a victory for the ruling (MPS), which won 113 of the 155 seats in the National Assembly.


Background

The elections had been due in April or May 2001, but were postponed by a year to allow the Independent National Electoral Commission to organise the elections properly.


Campaign

Prior to the elections the MPS formed an electoral alliance with the opposition Ra ...
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Electoral Register
An electoral roll (variously called an electoral register, voters roll, poll book or other description) is a compilation that lists persons who are entitled to vote for particular elections in a particular jurisdiction. The list is usually broken down by electoral districts, and is primarily prepared to assist election officials at polling places. Most jurisdictions maintain permanent electoral rolls, which are updated continuously or periodically (such as France which updates them annually), while some jurisdictions compile new electoral rolls before each election. Electoral rolls are the result of a process of voter registration. In most jurisdictions, voter registration (and being listed on an electoral roll) is a prerequisite for voting at an election. Some jurisdictions do not require voter registration, and do not use electoral rolls, such as the state of North Dakota in the United States. In those jurisdictions a voter must provide identification and proof of entitlement to ...
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