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Ulmus 'Berardii'
The elm cultivar ''Ulmus'' 'Berardii', Berard's Elm, was raised in 1865, as ''Ulmus Berardi'', from seeds collected from large specimens of "common elm" growing on the ramparts at Metz, by an employee of the Simon-Louis nursery named Bérard. Carrière (1887), the Späth nursery of Berlin and the Van Houtte nursery of Gentbrugge regarded it as form of a Field Elm, listing it as ''U. campestris Berardii'',Johann Gerd Krüssmann">Krüssmann, 1984) as a cultivar of the Siberian Elm ''Ulmus pumila''.Krüssmann, Gerd, ''Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs'' (1984 vol. 3) Green, who had examined dried specimens of the plant, also considered it "as possibly a form of ''U. pumila''". A much re-labelled 1820s' herbarium specimen from the Baikal region of Siberia (one conjecture was "''U. siberica'' var. ''pumila'' ?") in the Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, shows 'Berardii'-type leaves, suggesting the possibility of a French cultivation in the early 19th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultivar
A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, or carefully controlled seed production. Most cultivars arise from purposeful human manipulation, but some originate from wild plants that have distinctive characteristics. Cultivar names are chosen according to rules of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), and not all cultivated plants qualify as cultivars. Horticulturists generally believe the word ''cultivar''''Cultivar'' () has two meanings, as explained in ''Formal definition'': it is a classification category and a taxonomic unit within the category. When referring to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all plants that share the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. was coined as a term meaning "cultivated variety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arboretum National Des Barres
The Arboretum national des Barres (35 hectares) is a national arboretum located in Nogent-sur-Vernisson, Loiret, Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is open daily in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged. Closure is planned for the end of year 2018 because subsidy from local and national government is too short. The Domaine des Barres (283 hectares) was purchased in 1821 by Philippe André de Vilmorin for his studies in forestry. At that time it was almost entirely barren of trees, but Vilmorin planted today's extensive forest, primarily of ''Pinus sylvestris'', '' P. laricio'', and '' P. pinaster'', as well as American oaks. In 1866 his heirs sold 67 hectares to the nation, on which was established a forestry school, and in 1873 Constant Gouet, the arboretum's first director, began the geographic collection on 3 hectares. The Vilmorin family continued to be actively involved, particularly Maurice de Vilmorin, whose shrub collection was given to the state in 1921 following h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kew Gardens
Kew Gardens is a botanical garden, botanic garden in southwest London that houses the "largest and most diverse botany, botanical and mycology, mycological collections in the world". Founded in 1840, from the exotic garden at Kew Park, its living collections include some of the 27,000 taxa curated by Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, while the herbarium, one of the largest in the world, has over preserved plant and fungal specimens. The library contains more than 750,000 volumes, and the illustrations collection contains more than 175,000 prints and drawings of plants. It is one of London's top tourist attractions and is a World Heritage Sites, World Heritage Site. Kew Gardens, together with the botanic gardens at Wakehurst Place, Wakehurst in Sussex, are managed by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, an internationally important botany, botanical research and education institution that employs over 1,100 staff and is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Envir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus Minor 'Christine Buisman'
The Field Elm cultivar ''Ulmus minor'' 'Christine Buisman' was the first cultivar released by the Dutch elm breeding programme, initiated in response to the less virulent form of Dutch elm disease (DED), ''Ophiostoma ulmi'', which afflicted Europe's elms after the First World War. 'Christine Buisman' was selected from a batch of 390 seedlings grown from seed collected in the Parque de la Quinta de la Fuente del Berro, Madrid, by Mrs Van Eeghen, a friend of elm researcher Johanna Westerdijk, in 1929 and named for the elm disease researcher Christine Buisman.Morton Arboretum. ''Ulmus'' 'Christine Buisman'. ''Elm cultivars checklist'/ref> Originally identified as ''Ulmus foliacea'' (syn. ''U. minor''), it was later treated as ''Ulmus × hollandica'' by Melville.Melville, R. (1978). On the discrimination of species in hybrid swarms with special reference to ''Ulmus'' and the nomenclature of ''U. minor'' (Mill.) and ''U. carpinifolia'' (Gled.). ''Taxon'' 27: 345-351 However, more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huntingdon Elm
Huntingdon is a market town in the Huntingdonshire district in Cambridgeshire, England. The town was given its town charter by King John in 1205. It was the county town of the historic county of Huntingdonshire. Oliver Cromwell was born there in 1599 and became one of its Members of Parliament (MP) in 1628. The former Conservative Prime Minister (1990–1997) John Major served as its MP from 1979 until his retirement in 2001. History Huntingdon was founded by the Anglo-Saxons and Danes. It is first mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 921, where it appears as ''Huntandun''. It appears as ''Huntedun'' in the Domesday Book of 1086. The name means "The huntsman's hill" or possibly "Hunta's hill". Huntingdon seems to have been a staging post for Danish raids outside East Anglia until 917, when the Danes moved to Tempsford, now in Bedfordshire, before they were crushed by Edward the Elder. It prospered successively as a bridging point of the River Great Ouse, a market ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulmus Minor 'Monumentalis'
The Field Elm cultivar ''Ulmus minor'' 'Monumentalis', the tomb elm (Grabmal-Rüster), was raised as a sucker of ''U. suberosa'' by Sebastian Rinz, the city gardener of Frankfurt, before 1855 and listed by the Jacob-Makoy nursery of Liège in their 1861 catalogue as ''Ulmus monumentalis'' Rinz, "a new variety". Kirchner (1864) described it (as ''U. campestris'' var. ''monumentalis'' Rinz, 'Pyramid Field Elm'), confirming that it had only recently been propagated by Rinz and established in the nursery. It was distributed from the 1880s by the Baudriller nursery, Angers, and by the Späth nursery, Berlin, as ''U. campestris monumentalis'' Rinz., appearing separately in their catalogues from ''U. minor'' 'Sarniensis', the Guernsey or Wheatley Elm, with which, according to Henry, it was confused on the continent. Krüssmann, for example, gives 'Monumentalis' as a synonym of 'Sarniensis'. 'Sarniensis' is known as ''monumentaaliep'' monumental elmin The Netherlands. Springer noted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exeter Elm
''Ulmus'' 'Exoniensis', the Exeter elm, was discovered near Exeter, England, in 1826, and propagated by the Ford & Please nursery in that city.Bean, W. J. (1981). ''Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain'', 7th edition. Murray, LondonRichens, R. H. (1983). ''Elm''. Cambridge University Press.White, J. & More, D. (2003). ''Trees of Britain and Northern Europe''. Cassell's, London.Harvey, J. (1974). ''Early Nurserymen''. p.104. Phillimore & Co. Ltd. 1975. Traditionally believed to be a cultivar of the Wych Elm ''U. glabra'', its fastigiate shape when young, upward-curving tracery, small samarae and leaves, late leaf-flush and late leaf-fall, taken with its south-west England provenance, suggest a link with the Cornish Elm, which shares these characteristics. Description The tree initially has an upright, columnar form, but later develops a large rounded crown and occasionally reaches 17 m in height. Older specimens may develop pendulous branches. Exeter Elm is chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Elm Disease
Dutch elm disease (DED) is caused by a member of the sac fungi (Ascomycota) affecting elm trees, and is spread by elm bark beetles. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease was accidentally introduced into Americas, America, Europe, and New Zealand. In these regions it has devastated native populations of elms that did not have resistance to the disease. The name "Dutch elm disease" refers to its identification in 1921 and later in the Netherlands by Dutch phytopathologists Marie Beatrice Schol-Schwarz, Bea Schwarz and Christine Buisman, who both worked with professor Johanna Westerdijk. The disease affects species in the genera ''Ulmus'' and ''Zelkova''; therefore it is not specific to the Ulmus × hollandica, Dutch elm hybrid. Overview Dutch elm disease (DED) is caused by ascomycete microfungi. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auguste Chevalier
Auguste may refer to: People Surname * Arsène Auguste (born 1951), Haitian footballer * Donna Auguste (born 1958), African-American businesswoman * Georges Auguste (born 1933), Haitian painter * Henri Auguste (1759–1816), Parisian gold and silversmith * Joyce Auguste, Saint Lucian musician * Jules Robert Auguste (1789–1850), French painter * Tancrède Auguste (1856–1913), President of Haiti (1912–13) Given name * Auguste, Baron Lambermont (1819–1905), Belgian statesman * Auguste, Duke of Leuchtenberg (1810–1835), prince consort of Maria II of Portugal * Auguste, comte de La Ferronays (1777–1842), French Minister of Foreign Affairs * Auguste Clot (1858–1936), French art printer * Auguste Dick (1910–1993), Austrian historian of mathematics * Georges Auguste Escoffier (1846–1935), French chef, restaurateur and culinary writer * Auguste Metz (1812–1854), Luxembourgian entrepreneur * Auguste Léopold Protet (1808–1862), French Navy admiral * Auguste Picca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samara (fruit)
A samara (, ) is a winged achene, a type of fruit in which a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue develops from the ovary wall. A samara is a simple dry fruit, and is indehiscent (not opening along a seam). The shape of a samara enables the wind to carry the seed farther away from the tree than regular seeds would go, and is thus a form of anemochory. In some cases the seed is in the centre of the wing, as in the elms (genus ''Ulmus''), the hoptree (''Ptelea trifoliata''), and the bushwillows (genus ''Combretum''). In other cases the seed is on one side, with the wing extending to the other side, making the seed autorotate as it falls, as in the maples (genus '' Acer'') and ash trees (genus ''Fraxinus''). There are also single-wing samara such as mahogany (genus Swietenia) which have a shape that enables fluttering. Some species that normally produce paired samaras, such as ''Acer pseudoplatanus'', can also produce them in groups of three or four. File:TripleSycamoreS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zelkova × Verschaffeltii
''Zelkova'' × ''verschaffeltii'' (Dippel) G.Nicholson (cut-leaf zelkova) is a zelkova cultivar of hybrid origin. It was originally described in 1892 by Leopold Dippel from a cultivated plant as ''Zelkova japonica'' var. ''verschaffeltii'', suggesting an eastern Asian origin. In 1896, George Nicholson raised it to species rank as ''Zelkova verschaffeltii'', while its much closer similarity to ''Zelkova carpinifolia'' led Augustine Henry to suggest it might be a hybrid between ''Zelkova carpinifolia'' and ''Zelkova abelicea''.Bean, W. J. (1980). ''Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles'' 8th ed., vol. 4. John Murray . More recent authors most widely regarded it as a cultivar, either not ascribed to any ''Zelkova'' species in particular, or placed under ''Z. carpinifolia'' with no suggestion of hybrid origin.Czerepanov, S. (1957). Revisio specierum generum Zelkova Spach et Hemiptelea Planchon. ''Bot. Material'' 18: 58-72. Analysis of flavonoids has subsequently suggested that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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