|
U880
The U880 is an 8-bit microprocessor that was manufactured by VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" Erfurt (abbreviated as MME; part of Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt) in the German Democratic Republic. Production of the U880 started in 1980 at VEB Funkwerk Erfurt (abbreviated as FWE; the plant was renamed to VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" in 1983). The U880 is an unlicensed clone of the Zilog Z80 microprocessor, also supporting illegal opcodes and bugs, except for very minor differences like not setting the CY flag for the command (when L goes zero). Processor variants The U880 was manufactured in NMOS technology and encased in a plastic DIL40 package with a pin spacing of 2.5 mm (export versions had the Western pin spacing of 2.54 mm; Russian variants also came in a ceramic package). The military version of the U880 has an additional "MEK 4" marking. Image:Robotron UA880D MME 1.jpg, UA880D (1986) Image:Robotron UB880D MME S1 1.jpg, UB880D S1 hobbyist version ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robotron Z1013
The MRB Z1013 (german: Mikrorechnerbausatz, links=no, lit=microcomputer kit) was an East Germany, East German single-board computer produced by VEB Robotron Riesa which was primarily intended for private use and educational institutions. It was powered by a U880 processor (a Zilog Z80, Z80 clone) and sold together with a membrane keyboard, membrane (flat foil) keyboard. Initially, the kit was equipped with 16-KByte DRAM, which was later replaced by a 64-KByte version. The kits first became available for sale in 1985 and were distributed in a unique way at the time. To purchase it, buyers had to send a postcard to the Robotron shop in Erfurt and wait six to twelve months and then to pick the kits up in person. The package contained the assembled and tested motherboard, a membrane keyboard, various small parts and detailed technical documentation. This basic kit was shipped without a power supply or casing for the PCB. Most users tended to program the kit using the BASIC interpreter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zilog Z80
The Z80 is an 8-bit microprocessor introduced by Zilog as the startup company's first product. The Z80 was conceived by Federico Faggin in late 1974 and developed by him and his 11 employees starting in early 1975. The first working samples were delivered in March 1976, and it was officially introduced on the market in July 1976. With the revenue from the Z80, the company built its own chip factories and grew to over a thousand employees over the following two years. The Zilog Z80 is a software-compatible extension and enhancement of the Intel 8080 and, like it, was mainly aimed at embedded systems. Although used in that role, the Z80 also became one of the most widely used CPUs in desktop computers and home computers from the 1970s to the mid-1980s. It was also common in military applications, musical equipment such as synthesizers (like the Roland Jupiter-8), and coin-operated arcade games of the late 1970s and early 1980s, including ''Pac-Man''. Zilog licensed th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt
VEB Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt was an important manufacturer of active electronic components in East Germany. It should not be confused with the more well-known VEB Kombinat Robotron Dresden which used integrated circuits from Kombinat Mikroelektronik in its computers. Their products often carried the trademark RFT, but this was used on most electronic products from East Germany from otherwise unrelated companies. History The Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt was formed in 1978 when the ''VVB Bauelemente und Vakuumtechnik'' was split into ''VEB Kombinat Elektronische Bauelemente Teltow'' for passive electronic components and ''VEB Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt'' for active electronic components. However, the history of many of the individual plants reaches back further, in some cases to before the Second World War. In 1971 the first integrated circuits had been manufactured — the D100C ( TTL) by Halbleiterwerk Frankfurt (Oder) and the U101D ( PMOS logic) by Funkwerk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PC 1715
The PC 1715 was an office computer produced by VEB Robotron in East Germany starting in 1985. The system featured an 8-bit microprocessor, the U880, a clone of the Zilog Z80. It was built for office work and education, but also had an interface for a pacemaker. The 1715 had minimal graphics and sound capabilities. The price was 19,000 East German marks. In contrast to the A5120 predecessor, the PC1715 was not built around the K1520 bus standard. There was no back plane, but the main board had 2 58-pin connectors that were largely K1520 compliant, with some signals omitted and replaced with custom internal signals. The floppy controller of the PC1715 used one of those internal bus extensions and was built with discrete components and logic chips, whereas other robotron computers of the 1980s used a clone of an Intel 8272 Floppy disk controller. The floppy controller board clearly appears to be based on the one used in the A5120. The graphics subsystem on the other hand was part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A 5120
The A 5120 was an office computer produced by VEB Robotron in Karl-Marx-Stadt (now Chemnitz), East Germany starting in 1982. The system featured an 8-bit microprocessor, the U880. It was built for office work and had minimal graphics and sound capabilities. The price was between 27,000 and 40,000 East German marks (around 24,000-35,000 2016 US dollars) depending on equipment. In 1986, a new version was produced, the A 5120.16. The system was identical to the A 5120, with the addition of two additional boards, one with a U8000 16-bit microprocessor (a Zilog Z8000 clone), and one with 256KiB DRAM. The original 8-bit system functioned as an I/O subsystem. In this configuration it could run the relatively powerful MUTOS8000 (Unix System III derivative). The price of this model was between about 32,000 and 48,000 East German marks. In total, about 17,000 A 5120 and A 5120.16 units were manufactured. In March 1983, a stamp was issued by the German Democratic Republic featuri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robotron KC 87
The Robotron KC 87, fully known as the Kleincomputer robotron KC 87 (''KC'' standing for ''Kleincomputer'', lit. "small computer"), was an 8-bit home computer released in 1986 and produced in East Germany by the VEB Robotron-Meßelektronik "Otto Schön" Dresden, part of the Kombinat Robotron. The first model in the series, the Robotron Z 9001, was introduced in 1984 and renamed Robotron KC 85/1 in 1985. Despite similar names, the Robotron home computers were not directly related to the KC 85 series produced by the VEB Mikroelektronik "Wilhelm Pieck" Mühlhausen. The availability of the Robotron KC series for private customers was very limited. The computers were mostly used at educational institutions, organizations, and enterprises. Therefore, the extracurricular use of home computers was often allowed for students at institutions and organizations. Design The Robotron KC series used an U880 microprocessor, a clone of the Zilog Z80, which was clocked at 2.5 MHz. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KC 85
The KC 85 ('KC' meaning "Kleincomputer", or "small computer") were models of microcomputers built in East Germany, first in 1984 by VEB Robotron (the KC 85/1) and later by VEB Mikroelektronik "Wilhelm Pieck" Mühlhausen (KC 85/2, KC 85/3 and KC 85/4). Due to demand by institutions and enterprises exceeding supply, KC 85 systems were virtually unavailable for sale to private customers. Technical information They were based on the U880 CPU (an East German clone of the Z80), with clock speeds of 1.75 and 2 MHz. There was a single 8867 kHz crystal oscillating at twice the PAL chrominance frequency and a divide-by-10, multiply-by-16 phase locked loop was used to derive a 14.2 MHz clock from which the pixel clock (7.1 MHz) and processor clock (1.77 MHz) was derived by division by 2 and 8, respectively (KC85/2, KC85/3 and KC85/4 used the same circuit for this purpose, since the digital to analog video conversion PCB where the clock generation was situated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poly Play
''Poly-Play'' is an arcade cabinet developed in East Germany in 1985; it is the only such machine to originate in the GDR. It was created by VEB Polytechnik and contained a number of games, including a ''Pac-Man'' clone. A total of about 2,000 units of the cabinet were manufactured. Hardware ''Poly-Play'' ran on a U880, a clone of the Zilog Z80 CPU, which was clocked at 2.457600 MHz and a custom sound chip. Its display ran at a resolution of 512*256 at 50 Hz and supported a palette of ten colours, though it could also use coloured overlays. The machine's coin slot was designed for 50 Pfennig, but it was flawed - the pressure sensor could be deceived by pressing a 1-Pfennig coin very sharply into the top of the slot. However, this was largely tolerated because the machine was not a capitalistic commercial venture, but a state-owned product found predominantly in FDGB holiday homes, youth hostels and non-profit clubs. The machine ran with a deactivated coin slot in many youth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LC80
The educational computer LC80 was a single-board computer manufactured in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and intended for teaching purposes. It was the first computer that retail customers could buy in the GDR. History and development The development of the LC 80 started in 1983. At the Leipzig Trade Fair in the spring of 1984 it was presented to the public. Early in 1985 the LC80 was on the market, making it the first computer available to retail customers in the GDR. The computers Z 9001 and HC 900 that had been shown at the same spring fair, could not be manufactured in sufficient quantity and were thus available only to educational institutions. The production probably ended around 1986/87. Technical details The LC80 was programmed by entering hexadecimal machine codes via a built-in 25-key calculator keyboard (16 hexadecimal keys, 7 function keys, NMI, Reset). Programs could be saved and loaded via cassette tape or EPROM. Beside the CPU the board contai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VEB Robotron
VEB Kombinat Robotron (or simply Robotron) was the biggest East German electronics manufacturer. It was based in Dresden and employed 68,000 people (1989). It produced personal computers, SM EVM minicomputers, the ESER mainframe computers, several computer peripherals as well as home computers, radios, television sets and other items including the cookie press ''Kleingebäckpresse Typ 102''. Divisions Robotron managed several different divisions: *VEB Robotron-Elektronik Dresden (headquarters) — typewriters, personal computers, minicomputers, mainframes *VEB Robotron-Meßelektronik Dresden — measurement and testing devices, home computers *VEB Robotron-Projekt Dresden — software department *VEB Robotron-Buchungsmaschinenwerk Karl-Marx-Stadt — personal computers, floppy disk drives *VEB Robotron-Elektronik Hoyerswerda — monitors, power supply units *VEB Robotron-Elektronik Radeberg — mainframes, radio receivers, portable television ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NEC µPD7220
The High-Performance Graphics Display Controller 7220 (commonly μPD7220 or NEC 7220) is a video display processor capable of drawing lines, circles, arcs, and character graphics to a bit-mapped display. It was developed by NEC in order to support the Kanji character set efficiently, which explains why the APC computer line had superior graphics compared to competing models. The chip was first used in the NEC and in later computers, such as the NEC PC-9801, APC II and APC III, the NECcomputer, the optional graphics module for the DEC Rainbow, the NCR Decision Mate V, the Tulip System-1, and the Epson QX-10. (Translation of "Grafik mit dem 7220 von NEC", ''mc'', 1986, H11, pp. 54-65) The μPD7220 was one of the first implementations of a graphics display processor as a single Large Scale Integration (LSI) integrated circuit chip, enabling the design of low-cost, high-performance video graphics cards such as those from Number Nine Visual Technology. It was one of the best k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MME U82720DC03 (=i82720)
Madam (), or madame ( or ), is a polite and formal form of address for women in the English language, often contracted to ma'am (pronounced in American English and this way but also in British English). The term derives from the French ''madame'', from "ma dame" meaning "my lady"''.'' In French, the abbreviation is "M" or "Mme" and the plural is ''mesdames'' (abbreviated "M" or "Mmes"). These terms ultimately derive from the Latin '' domina'', meaning "mistress." Use as a form of address Formal protocol After addressing her as "Your Majesty" once, it was correct to address the Queen of the United Kingdom as "Ma'am" to rhyme with the British short pronunciation of "jam" for the remainder of a conversation. A letter to the Queen may begin with ''Madam'' or ''May it please Your Majesty''. Other female members of the British royal family are usually addressed in conversation first as ''Your Royal Highness'' and subsequently as ''Ma'am''. ''Madam President'' or ''Madame President ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
