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Tubba (title)
This is a list of rulers of Saba and Himyar. Mukarrib (Mukrab, Karab), a religious title that means "near to God", was used by rulers of Saba' until Karib'il Watar changed his title to ''Malik'' at the time of the kingdom of Saba' and Dhu Raydan that was established between Himyarites and Sabaeans, both descending from ancient South Arabian patriarch Qahtan The terms Qahtanite and Qahtani ( ar, قَحْطَانِي; transliterated: Qaḥṭānī) refer to Arabs who originate from South Arabia. The term "Qahtan" is mentioned in multiple ancient Arabian inscriptions found in Yemen. Arab traditions be .... The title Tubba, which means "the one who follows the sun like a shadow" was used by Himyarites to refer to their rulers. Mukaribs of Saba' Kings of Saba' Kings of Saba' & Dhu Raydan Kings of Saba' & Dhu Raydan & Hadhramaut & Yamnat 2nd Himyarite Kingdom King of Saba', Dhu Raydan, Hadramawt, Yamnat and their Arabs, on Tawdum (the high plateau) and Tihamat References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sabaeans
The Sabaeans or Sabeans (Sabaean language, Sabaean:, ; ar, ٱلسَّبَئِيُّوْن, ''as-Sabaʾiyyūn''; he, סְבָאִים, Səḇāʾīm) were an ancient group of South Arabians. They spoke the Sabaean language, one of the Old South Arabian languages.Stuart Munro-Hay, ''Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity'', 1991. They founded the kingdom of Sabaʾ ( ar, سَبَأ, links=no) in modern-day Yemen,Quran 27:6-93 Quran 34:15-18 which was believed to be the biblical land of Sheba and "the oldest and most important of the South Arabian kingdoms". The exact date of the foundation of Sabaʾ is a point of disagreement among scholars. Kenneth Kitchen dates the kingdom to between 1200 BCE and 275 CE, with its capital at Marib, Maʾrib, in what is now Yemen.Kenneth A. Kitchen ''The World of "Ancient Arabia" Series''. Documentation for Ancient Arabia. Part I. Chronological Framework and Historical Sources p.110 On the other hand, Israel Finkelstein and Neil Asher S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Periplus Of The Erythraean Sea
The ''Periplus of the Erythraean Sea'' ( grc, Περίπλους τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς Θαλάσσης, ', modern Greek '), also known by its Latin name as the , is a Greco-Roman periplus written in Koine Greek that describes navigation and trading opportunities from Roman Egyptian ports like Berenice Troglodytica along the coast of the Red Sea, and others along Horn of Africa, the Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean, including the modern-day Sindh region of Pakistan and southwestern regions of India. The text has been ascribed to different dates between the first and third centuries, but a mid-first-century date is now the most commonly accepted. While the author is unknown, it is clearly a first-hand description by someone familiar with the area and is nearly unique in providing accurate insights into what the ancient Hellenic world knew about the lands around the Indian Ocean. Name A periplus ( grc-gre, περίπλους, ''períplous'', ."a sailing-around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaleb
Kaleb (), also known as Saint Elesbaan, was King of Aksum, which was situated in modern-day Eritrea and Ethiopia. Procopius calls him "Hellestheaeus", a variant of grc-koi, Ελεσβόάς version of his regnal name, gez, እለ አጽብሐ, translit=ʾƎllä ʾAṣbəḥa (''Histories'', 1.20). Variants of his name are Hellesthaeus, Ellestheaeus, Eleshaah, Ellesboas, Elesbaan, and Elesboam. At Aksum, in inscription RIE 191, his name is rendered in unvocalized Gə‘əz as KLB ’L ’ṢBḤ WLD TZN (Kaleb ʾElla ʾAṣbeḥa, son of Tazena). In vocalized Gə‘əz, it is (Kaleb ʾƎllä ʾAṣbəḥa). Kaleb, a name derived from the Biblical character Caleb, was his given name; on both his coins and inscriptions he left at Axum, as well as Ethiopian hagiographical sources and king lists, he refers to himself as the son of Tazena. History Procopius, John of Ephesus, and other contemporary historians recount Kaleb's invasion of Yemen around 520, against the Himyarit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esimiphaios
Sumyafaʿ (or Sumūyafaʿ) Ashwaʿ (Greek: ''Esimiphaios'', Latin: ''Esimiphaeus'') was the king of Ḥimyar under the Aksumite Empire from 525/531 until 535. There is an inscription commemorating the refortification of Qanīʾ from February 530 or 531 by a Sumūyafaʿ Ashwaʿ and his sons Shuriḥbiʾīl Yakmul and Maʿdīkarib Yaʿfur. He was the son of Laḥayʿat Yarkham, from western Ḥimyar and had been in exile in Aksum, only returning with the Aksumite invasion force. It is not certain that this was the same Sumūyafaʿ Ashwaʿ who was or became king of Ḥimyar. It is not possible to be precise about the date of accession of Sumūyafaʿ Ashwaʿ. A native Ḥimyarite and a Christian, he was appointed by the Aksumite king Caleb, who had defeated and killed the previous king of Ḥimyar, Dhū Nuwās, sometime between Pentecost 525 and February 531. A fragmentary inscription appears to give his full title as "king of Sabaʾ, of dhu-Raydān, of Ḥaḍramawt, and of Yamnat, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhu Nuwas
Dhū Nuwās, ( ar, ذُو نُوَاس), real name "Yūsuf Asʾar Yathʾar" ( Musnad: 𐩺𐩥𐩪𐩰 𐩱𐩪𐩱𐩧 𐩺𐩻𐩱𐩧, ''Yws¹f ʾs¹ʾr Yṯʾr''), "Yosef Nu'as" ( he, יוסף נואס), or "Yūsuf ibn Sharhabīl" ( ar, يُوْسُف ٱبْن شَرْحَبِيْل, link=no), also known as "Masruq" in Syriac, and ''Dounaas'' () in Medieval Greek, was a Jewish king of Himyar between 517 and 525–527 AD, who came to renown on account of his persecutions of peoples of other religions, notably Christians, living in his kingdom. History Ibn Hisham's ''Sirat Rasul Allah'' (better known in English as ''the Life of Muhammad''), describes the exploits of Yūsuf Dhū Nuwās. Ibn Hisham explains that Yūsuf was a convert Jew who grew out his sidelocks (''nuwas''), and who became known as "he of sidelocks." The historicity of Dhū Nuwās is affirmed by Philostorgius and by Procopius (in the latter's ''Persian War''). Procopius writes that in 525, the armies of the Chr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhu Shanatir
Dhu Shanatir ( ar, لحيعة ينوف ذو شناتر, Lahniʿah Yanuf Dhu Shanatir) also spelled Zu Shenatir, was a Hemyarite king who ruled Yemen for 27 years. He was not from the royal family (Tubba'). He was known as "The Man with Earrings". He is known as one of the first-recorded serial killers. He lured young boys from the royal family into his home with the promise of food and money, stripped them naked and sodomized them. He then killed them by throwing them naked out of an upper-story window of his home. He was only stopped when Zara'h (Dhu Nuwas), stabbed him. Following his assassination, Dhu Shanatir's decapitated head was displayed from the palace window and Dhu Nawas assumed rulership of the Hemyarite Kingdom. See also * Hassan Yuha'min * List of serial killers by country This is a list of notable serial killers, by the country where most of the killings occurred. Convicted serial killers by country Afghanistan *Abdullah Shah: killed at least 20 travelers on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hassan Yuha'min
Ḥassān al-Ḥimyāri ( ar, حسان الحميري, Hassan Yuha'min Ibn Abi Karib Asad Ibn Hassan Malikikarib Yuha'min ar, حسان يهامن بن ابكرب بن مليكيكرب يهامن), was a king ( ar, التبع) of the Himyarite Kingdom known for leading the genocide of an ancient tribe of Arabia called the Jadīs; the genocide led to the tribe's extinction. Hassan and Jadis According to Arab historians, Tasm and Jadis were from "the extinct Arab" tribes. Tasm was an ally of Saba'. Tasm took over Jadis. The king of Tasm's name was ‘Imliq. He used to deflower the brides of Jadis before they get married. Later Imliq was assassinated by someone from the tribe of Jadis. A person called Riyah from Tasm ran to Yemen asking for help from their ally. At that time Tubba Asad Abu Malik-karib was the king of Yemen. He asked his son Hassan to help Tasm. Hassan al-Himyari prepared an army and went to fight Jadis. There was a woman in Jadis called Zarqaa al-Yamamah. She was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tub'a Abu Kariba As'ad
Abū Karib As’ad al-Kāmil, ( ar, أسعد الكامل), called "Abū Karīb", full name: Abu Karib As'ad ibn Hassān Maliki Karib Yuha'min, was king (Tubba', ar, تُبَّع) of the Himyarite Kingdom (modern day Yemen). He ruled Yemen from 378-430. ʼAsʽad is cited in some sources as the first of several kings of the Arabian Peninsula to convert to Judaism, although some scholars doubt it. He was the first one to cover the Kaaba with the kiswah. Conversion While some sources agree that Abu Karab was the first of the Himyarite kings to convert to Judaism, the circumstances of his conversion are immersed in myth and legend. According to the traditional account, Abu Karib undertook a military expedition to eliminate the growing influence of Byzantium in his northern provinces. His forces reached Medina, which was then known as "Yathrib". Not meeting any resistance, they passed through the town, leaving one of the king’s sons behind as governor of the town. A few days late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shammar Yahri'sh
Shammar Yar'ish full name (Himyaritic: , romanized: ) was a Himyarite king. Life In AD 275, he led his troops to victory over Najran, Ma'rib (the Sabaeans later reconquered their capital) and Hadhramaut. He succeeded in uniting much of Yemen, assuming the title "King of Saba and Dhu Raydan and Hadhramaut and Yamnat" (Yamnat may have been the name of the Southern part of Yemen). From his time forward the Himyarite kings were known as "Tubba kings", and praised for their courage and leadership in traditional Yemeni poetry. Shamar name was recorded in Namara inscription. Diplomacy Shammar Yahri'sh sent a delegation to the Arab tribe of al-Azd and Tanukh and to the Sassanid court in Ctesiphon, which led to an exchange of ambassadors. At about the same time, the Roman emperor Constantius II sent the missionary Theophilus to ask if churches could be built for Roman India traders in the Himyarite territory. Legacy In about 280 AD, Shammar Yuharʿish, residing at his capital Ẓafār, u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Himyarite Kingdom
The Himyarite Kingdom ( ar, مملكة حِمْيَر, Mamlakat Ḥimyar, he, ממלכת חִמְיָר), or Himyar ( ar, حِمْيَر, ''Ḥimyar'', / 𐩹𐩧𐩺𐩵𐩬) ( fl. 110 BCE–520s CE), historically referred to as the Homerite Kingdom by the Greeks and the Romans (its subjects being called Homeritae), was a polity in the southern highlands of Yemen, as well as the name of the region which it claimed. Until 110 BCE, it was integrated into the Qatabanian kingdom, afterwards being recognized as an independent kingdom. According to classical sources, their capital was the ancient city of Zafar, relatively near the modern-day city of Sana'a. Himyarite power eventually shifted to Sana'a as the population increased in the fifth century. After the establishment of their kingdom, it was ruled by kings from dhū-Raydān tribe. The kingdom was named Raydān.Jérémie Schiettecatte. Himyar. Roger S. Bagnall; Kai Brodersen; Craige B. Champion; Andrew Erskine; Sabine R. Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azania
Azania ( grc, Ἀζανία) is a name that has been applied to various parts of southeastern tropical Africa. In the Roman period and perhaps earlier, the toponym referred to a portion of the Southeast Africa coast extending from northern Kenya to the border between Mozambique and South Africa. Azania was mostly inhabited by Southern Cushitic peoples, whose groups would rule the area until the great Bantu Migration. Ancient Azania Azania was a region in ancient Arcadia, which was according to Pausanias named after the mythical king Azan. According to Herodotus, the region contained the ancient town of Paus. The use of this name coincides with a reference in which Pliny the Elder mentions an "Azanian Sea" (N.H. 6.34) that began around the emporium of Adulis and stretched around the south coast of Africa. It may well be that the Greek usage resonated with a term already in use around the Horn of Africa especially in the light of the fact that the term with a different meaning to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
