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Tsaritsyno Park
Tsaritsyno ( rus, Царицыно, p=tsɐˈrʲitsɨnə, literal meaning "Tsaritsa's property") is a palace museum and park reserve in the south of Moscow. It was founded in the 1775 as the summer residence of Empress Catherine II, but the construction had a somewhat dramatic fate and was not completed. For most of its history, it was a half-abandoned landscape park with picturesque ruins, until in the 2000s the palace ensemble was restored according to the original plan. Now it is a museum complex and a popular leisure place for Muscovites and guests of the Russian capital. History During the Russian Empire Before Catherine the Great The area has been known since the 16th century at the name of Bogorodskoye (belonged to Tsaritsa Irina, sister of Tsar Boris Godunov.). Over the course of two centuries, it changed several noble owners (including Streshnevs and Galitzines), until finally, in 1775, Catherine the Great bought it from the then owner, Prince Cantemir. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsarina
Tsarina or tsaritsa (also spelled ''csarina'' or ''csaricsa'', ''tzarina'' or ''tzaritza'', or ''czarina'' or ''czaricza''; bg, царица, tsaritsa; sr, / ; russian: царица, tsaritsa) is the title of a female autocratic ruler (monarch) of Bulgaria, Serbia or Russia, or the title of a tsar's wife. The English spelling is derived from the German ''czarin'' or ''zarin'', in the same way as the French ''tsarine''/''czarine'', and the Spanish and Italian ''czarina''/''zarina''. (A tsar's daughter is a tsarevna.) "Tsarina" or "tsaritsa" was the title of the female supreme ruler in the following states: *Bulgaria: in 913–1018, in 1185–1422 and in 1908–1946 *Serbia: in 1346–1371 *Russia: officially from about 1547 until 1721, unofficially in 1721–1917 (officially "Empresses"). Russia Since 1721, the official titles of the Russian male and female monarchs were emperor () and empress () or empress consort, respectively. Officially the last Russian tsarina was Eud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classicism
Classicism, in the arts, refers generally to a high regard for a classical period, classical antiquity in the Western tradition, as setting standards for taste which the classicists seek to emulate. In its purest form, classicism is an aesthetic attitude dependent on principles based in the culture, art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome, with the emphasis on form, simplicity, proportion, clarity of structure, perfection, restrained emotion, as well as explicit appeal to the intellect. The art of classicism typically seeks to be formal and restrained: of the ''Discobolus'' Sir Kenneth Clark observed, "if we object to his restraint and compression we are simply objecting to the classicism of classic art. A violent emphasis or a sudden acceleration of rhythmic movement would have destroyed those qualities of balance and completeness through which it retained until the present century its position of authority in the restricted repertoire of visual images." Classicism, as Cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alekseev Tsaritsyno
Alexeyev, Alekseyev, Alexeiev, Alexeev or Alekseev (russian: Алексе́ев) is a common Russian surname that is derived from the male given name Alexey (Алексей) and literally means ''Alexey's''. Often the same name appears in English in several different transliterations. Similarly, Alexeyeva, Alekseyeva, Alexeeva and Alekseeva are female versions of the same last name. People Alekseev * Alekseev (singer) (born 1993), Ukrainian singer * Anton Alekseyev (born 1984), Ukrainian-born professional footballer in Russia * Anton Alekseev (mathematician) (born 1967), Russian mathematician * Evgeny Alekseev (chess player) (born 1985), Russian chess-grandmaster * Evgeny Alekseev (basketball) (1919–2005), Russian basketball-player and coach * Fedor Alekseev, Russian-Armenian linguist and journalist * Mikhail Alekseev (1857–1918), Russian military officer * Mikhail Egorovich Alekseev (1949–2014), Soviet and Russian Caucasian-language specialist * Nikolai Alekseev (Cath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsarskoye Selo
Tsarskoye Selo ( rus, Ца́рское Село́, p=ˈtsarskəɪ sʲɪˈlo, a=Ru_Tsarskoye_Selo.ogg, "Tsar's Village") was the town containing a former residence of the Russian imperial family and visiting nobility, located south from the center of Saint Petersburg. The residence now forms part of the town of Pushkin. Tsarskoye Selo forms one of the World Heritage Site Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments. The town bore the name Tsarskoe Selo until 1918, Detskoe Selo ( ru , Детское Село , translation = Children's Village) between in the years 1918–1937, then Pushkin ( ru , Пушкин) from 1937 onwards. History The area of Tsarskoye Selo, once part of Swedish Ingria, first became a Russian royal/imperial residence in the early 18th century as an estate of the Empress-consort Catherine (later Empress-regnant as Catherine I, ), from whom the Catherine Palace takes its name. The Alexander Palace (built from 1792 onwards) originated as the home ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annexation Of Crimea By The Russian Empire
The territory of Crimea, previously controlled by the Crimean Khanate, was annexed by the Russian Empire on . The period before the annexation was marked by Russian interference in Crimean affairs, a series of revolts by Crimean Tatars, and Ottoman ambivalence. After 300 years under the Ottoman rule, the annexation began 134 years of rule by the Russian Empire, which ended with the Russian Revolution of 1917. After changing hands several times during the Russian Civil War, Crimea was part of the Russian SFSR from 1921, and then was transferred to the Ukrainian SSR in 1954, which became independent Ukraine in 1991. The Russian Federation annexed Crimea in March 2014, re-establishing Russian rule in Crimea. Prelude Independent Crimea (1774–1776) Before Russia defeated the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774, the Khanate, populated largely by Crimean Tatars, had been part of the Ottoman Empire. In the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, which was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kremlin Senate
The Kremlin Senate (The Senate Palace, russian: Сенатский дворец) is a building within the grounds of the Moscow Kremlin in Russia. Initially constructed from 1776 to 1787, it originally housed the Moscow branch of the Governing Senate, the highest judiciary and legislative office of Imperial Russia. Currently, it houses the Russian presidential administration and is a highly secured and restricted area closed to the public. At present, only the southern corner façade, opposite the Tsar Cannon can be viewed. Building The Kremlin Senate is located in the northern part of the Kremlin grounds, between the Kremlin Arsenal and the former, now demolished, Kremlin Presidium (the site of which is planned to be a park). It is shaped like an isosceles triangle with each side approximately in length, and with one side directly adjacent to the Kremlin Wall parallel to Red Square. The building has three floors and is painted in the same yellow color as many other administrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matvey Kazakov
Matvey Fyodorovich Kazakov (russian: Матве́й Фёдорович Казако́в, 1738 – 7 November 1812) was a Russian Neoclassical architect. Kazakov was one of the most influential Muscovite architects during the reign of Catherine II, completing numerous private residences, two royal palaces, two hospitals, Moscow University, and the Kremlin Senate. Most of his works were destroyed by the Fire of 1812; they were later rebuilt with various degrees of alteration. Early years Kazakov was born in Moscow. His father was a government clerk and a former serf who earned his freedom by serving in the Navy. When Kazakov was twelve years old, he joined the architectural school of Dmitry Ukhtomsky, where he worked and studied until 1760. After a devastating fire in Tver in 1761, Kazakov was assigned to rebuild Tver as a junior architect under P.R. Nikitin, and dedicated seven years to this project. The Travel, or Transit, Palace was completed by Kazakov in 1767. Shadow of B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freemasonry
Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients. Modern Freemasonry broadly consists of two main recognition groups: * Regular Freemasonry insists that a volume of scripture be open in a working lodge, that every member profess belief in a Supreme Being, that no women be admitted, and that the discussion of religion and politics be banned. * Continental Freemasonry consists of the jurisdictions that have removed some, or all, of these restrictions. The basic, local organisational unit of Freemasonry is the Lodge. These private Lodges are usually supervised at the regional level (usually coterminous with a state, province, or national border) by a Grand Lodge or Grand Orient. There is no international, worldwide Grand Lodge that supervises all of Freemasonry; each Grand Lod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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