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Truce Of Espléchin
The Truce of Espléchin (1340) was a truce between the English and French crowns during the early phases of the Hundred Years' War. Background The Hundred Years' War had started in 1337. After a naval defeat at the hands of the French at the Battle of Arnemuiden in 1338, Edward III of England, allied with Flemings, decided to pursue the naval campaign and encountered a large French and Genoese fleet at Sluys. The English won the resulting naval battle, which took place on 24 June 1340. The English navy was ably assisted by their allies, principally Flemings from Sluys and nearby Bruges who watched the fight from the shore and kept any French sailors from escaping.DeVries. Medieval Weapons. pp. 144-145 At the battle of Sluys the dispatched French naval force was almost completely destroyed. Edward III attempted to capitalize on the victory with a Battle of Saint-Omer, which resulted in a resounding defeat for the 11–16,000 strong English and Flemings army at the hands of some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a series of armed conflicts between the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of France, France during the Late Middle Ages. It originated from disputed claims to the French Crown, French throne between the English House of Plantagenet and the French royal House of Valois. Over time, the war grew into a broader power struggle involving factions from across Western Europe, fuelled by emerging nationalism on both sides. The Hundred Years' War was one of the most significant conflicts of the Middle Ages. For 116 years, interrupted by several Ceasefire, truces, five generations of kings from two rival Dynasty, dynasties fought for the throne of the dominant kingdom in Western Europe. The war's effect on European history was lasting. Both sides produced innovations in military technology and tactics, including professional standing armies and artillery, that permanently changed warfare in Europe; chivalry, which had reac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Breton War Of Succession
The War of the Breton Succession (, ) was a conflict between the Counts of Blois and the Montforts of Brittany for control of the Sovereign Duchy of Brittany, then a fief of the Kingdom of France. It was fought between 1341 and 12 April 1365. It is also known as the War of the Two Jeannes (french: guerre des deux Jeannes) due to the involvement of two queens of that name ( Jeanne (Joanna) of Flanders and Jeanne de Penthièvre).; ; The war formed an integral part of the early Hundred Years' War due to the proxy involvement of the French and English governments in the conflict; the French supported the Blois (female heir) whilst the English backed the Montforts (male heir). The rival kings supported the Sovereign Duke of the principle opposite to their own claims to the French throne—the Plantagenet having claimed it by female succession, and the Valois by male succession. Montfort was ultimately successful following the Battle of Auray in 1364. Background The Breton D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1340 In France
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134 may refer to: *134 (number) * AD 134 *134 BC *134 (MBTA bus) *134 (New Jersey bus) 134 may refer to: *134 (number) * AD 134 *134 BC *134 (MBTA bus) The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority bus division operates bus routes in the Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area. All routes connect to MBTA subway, MBTA Commuter Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1340 In England
Events from the 1340s in England Incumbents *Monarch – Edward III Events * 1340 ** 25 January – King Edward III of England is declared King of France. ** Maundy Thursday – great fire at Spondon in Derbyshire. ** 24 June – Hundred Years' War: The Battle of Sluys is fought between the naval fleets of England and France. The battle ends with the almost complete destruction of the French fleet. ** 26 July – Hundred Years' War: French victory at the Battle of Saint-Omer. ** 25 September – Hundred Years' War: Temporary Truce of Espléchin between England and France. ** 27 October – Michael of Northgate completes his translation of the '' Ayenbite of Inwyt''. ** Weights and Measures Act provides that "Bushels and Weights shall be made and sent into every Country." ** 1340 or 1341 – Richard Folville and fellow members of the Folville gang are cornered and decapitated at his church in Teigh, Rutland. * 1341 ** 18 January – The Queen's College in the University of Oxford, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th-century Military History Of The Kingdom Of England
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from 1 January 1301 ( MCCCI), to 31 December 1400 ( MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity. In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives wiping out one third of the European population while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire. In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-French Wars
The Anglo-French Wars were a series of conflicts between England (and after 1707, Britain) and France, including: Middle Ages High Middle Ages * Anglo-French War (1109–1113) – first conflict between the Capetian Dynasty and the House of Normandy post-Norman Conquest, Norman conquest * Battle of Brémule, Anglo-French War (1116–1119) – conflict over English possession of Normandy * Anglo-French War (1123–1135) – conflict that amalgamated into The Anarchy * Anglo-French War (1158–1189) – first conflict between the Capetian Dynasty and the House of Plantagenet * Anglo-French War (1193–1199) – conflict between King Richard the Lionheart and King Philip Augustus * French invasion of Normandy (1202–1204), Anglo-French War (1202–1204) – French invasion of Normandy * Anglo-French War (1213–14) – conflict between King Philip Augustus and King John of England * Anglo-French War (1215–1217) – the French intervention in the First Barons War * Anglo-French War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hundred Years' War, 1337–1360
The first phase of the Hundred Years' War between France and England lasted from 1337 to 1360. It is sometimes referred to as the Edwardian War because it was initiated by King Edward III of England, who claimed the French throne in defiance of King Philip VI of France. The dynastic conflict was caused by disputes over the French feudal sovereignty over Aquitaine and the English claims over the French royal title. The Kingdom of England and its allies dominated this phase of the war. Edward had inherited the duchy of Aquitaine, and as Duke of Aquitaine he was a vassal to Philip VI of France. Edward initially accepted the succession of Philip, but the relationship between the two kings soured when Philip allied with Edward's enemy, King David II of Scotland. Edward in turn provided refuge to Robert III of Artois, a French fugitive. When Edward refused to obey Philip's demands for the expulsion of Robert from England, Philip confiscated the duchy of Aquitaine. This precipitated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Of Blois
Charles of Blois-Châtillon (131929 September 1364), nicknamed "the Saint", was the legalist Duke of Brittany from 1341 until his death, via his marriage to Joan, Duchess of Brittany and Countess of Penthièvre, holding the title against the claims of John of Montfort. The cause of his possible canonization was the subject of a good deal of political maneuvering on the part of his cousin, Charles V of France, who endorsed it, and his rival, Montfort, who opposed it. The cause fell dormant after Pope Gregory XI left Avignon in 1376, but was revived in 1894. Charles of Blois was beatified in 1904. Biography Charles was born in Blois, the son of Guy de Châtillon, count of Blois, by Margaret of Valois, a sister of King Philip VI of France. A devout ascetic from an early age, he showed interest in religious books but was forbidden from reading them by his father, as they did not seem appropriate to his position as a knight. As he grew older, Charles took piety to the extreme of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Of Valois, Countess Of Hainaut
Joan of Valois (c. 1294 – 7 March 1352) was a Countess consort of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland, by marriage to William I, Count of Hainaut. She acted as regent of Hainaut and Holland several times during the absence of her spouse, and she also acted as a political mediator. She was the second eldest daughter of the French prince Charles, Count of Valois, and Margaret, Countess of Anjou and Maine. As the sister of King Philip VI of France and the mother-in-law of King Edward III of England,Jonathan Sumption, The Hundred Years War:Trial by Battle, Vol. I, (Faber & Faber, 1990), 357-358. she was ideally placed to act as mediator between them. Early life Joan was the second daughter of Count Charles of Valois and his first wife Margaret. In 1299, Joan's mother died, probably in childbirth, and her father married his second wife, Catherine I of Courtenay, Titular Empress of Constantinople, by whom he had four more children. By her father's third marriage with Mahaut of Châ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Arnemuiden
The Battle of Arnemuiden was a naval battle fought on 23 September 1338 at the start of the Hundred Years' War between England and France. It was the first naval battle of the Hundred Years' War and the first recorded European naval battle using artillery, as the English ship ''Christopher'' had three cannons and one hand gun. The battle featured a vast French fleet under admirals Hugues Quiéret and Nicolas Béhuchet against a small squadron of five great English cogs transporting an enormous cargo of wool to Antwerp, where Edward III of England was hoping to sell it, in order to be able to pay subsidies to his allies. It occurred near Arnemuiden, the port of the island of Walcheren (now in the Netherlands, but then part of the County of Flanders, formally part of the Kingdom of France). Overwhelmed by the superior numbers and with some of their crew still on shore, the English ships fought bravely, especially the ''Christopher'' under the command of John Kingston, who was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Benedict XII
Pope Benedict XII ( la, Benedictus XII, french: Benoît XII; 1285 – 25 April 1342), born Jacques Fournier, was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1334 to his death in April 1342. He was the third Avignon pope. Benedict was a careful pope who reformed monastic orders and opposed nepotism. Unable to remove his capital to Rome or Bologna, he started the great palace at Avignon. He decided against a notion of Pope John XXII by saying that souls may attain the "fulness of the beatific vision" before the Last Judgment. Whilst being a stalwart reformer, he attempted unsuccessfully to reunite the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches, almost three centuries after the Great Schism; he also failed to come to an understanding with Emperor Louis IV. Early life Little is known of the origins of Jacques Fournier. He is believed to have been born in Canté in the County of Foix around the 1280s to a family of modest means. He became a CistercianJonathan Sumption, ''Trial by Batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Tournai (1340)
The siege of Tournai (23 July - 25 September 1340) occurred during the Edwardian phase of the Hundred Years' War. The Siege began when a coalition of England, Flanders, Hainaut, Brabant and the Holy Roman Empire under the command of King Edward III of England besieged the French city of Tournai. This siege would end in the Truce of Espléchin, marking the end of the Tournaisis campaign of 1340. Background Edward's crushing naval victory at the Battle of Sluys allowed him to land his army and carry out his campaign in northern France. When Edward landed he would be joined by Jacob van Artevelde, Flanders' semi-dictatorial ruler who had gained control of the County in an insurrection. By 1340 the cost of the war had already drained the English treasuries and Edward arrived in Flanders penniless. Edward had attempted to pay for his campaign through a large tax on grain and wool, however, this tax raised only £15,000 of the £100,000 predicted. Shortly after landing Edward s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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