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Trinity Lutheran Church Of Columbia, Inc. V. Comer
''Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia, Inc. v. Comer'', 582 U.S. ___ (2017), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a Missouri program that denied a grant to a religious school for playground resurfacing, while providing grants to similarly situated non-religious groups, violated the freedom of religion guaranteed by the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.. Background The original 1820 Constitution of Missouri contained a provision prohibiting tax dollars from funding the construction of churches or the salaries of ministers, in like manner to the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom.Douglas Laycock''The Supreme Court, 2016 Term — Comment: Churches, Playgrounds, Government Dollars — and Schools?'' 131 Harv. L. Rev. 133 (2017). In 1870, controversy over Catholic schools in St. Louis led Missouri to adopt a constitutional amendment prohibiting any funding of a school “controlled by any creed, church, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Missouri Department Of Natural Resources
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MoDNR) of the government of the U.S. state of Missouri Missouri is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee ... consists of the Division of Environmental Quality, the Division of Geology and Land Survey, the Division of State Parks, the Environmental and Energy Resources Authority, and the Field Services Division. The Director of MoDNR is Dru Buntin (2021–present). The Department oversees and operates Missouri state parks and historic sites. References External links *Department of Natural Resources fact sheet*Publications by or abouthe Missouri Department of Natural Resourcesat Internet Archive. Natural Resources, Department of State environmental protection agencies of the United States Natural resources agencies in the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Things
''First Things'' (''FT'') is an ecumenical and conservative religious journal aimed at "advanc nga religiously informed public philosophy for the ordering of society". The magazine, which focuses on theology, liturgy, church history, religious history, culture, education, society and politics, is inter-denominational and inter-religious, representing a broad intellectual tradition of Christian and Jewish critique of contemporary society. Published by the New York–based Institute on Religion and Public Life (IRPL), ''First Things'' is published monthly, except for bi-monthly issues covering June/July and August/September. ''First Things'' was founded in March 1990 by Richard John Neuhaus, a clergyman, intellectual, writer and activist. He started the journal, along with some long-time friends and collaborators, after his connection with the Rockford Institute was severed. With a circulation of approximately 30,000 copies, ''FT'' is considered to be influential in its arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lavenski Smith
Lavenski R. "Vence" Smith (born October 31, 1958) is an American judge, who is the Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. He previously served as an Arkansas state judge, and has been a federal judge since 2002. Education Smith, a lifelong Arkansan, is a native of Hope, Arkansas, and graduated from Hope High School. He completed a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Arkansas in 1981, and a Juris Doctor degree at the University of Arkansas School of Law in 1987., 2001 Career Before joining the federal bench, Smith worked in both private practice and public service. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for the Arkansas Court of Appeals in 1998. Notably, Governor Mike Huckabee had appointed Smith as an Associate Justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court in 1999 as well as a Commissioner on the Arkansas Public Service Commission in 2001. Smith had also been an assistant professor at John Brown University and an Executive Director of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William J
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of England in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie or the play ''Douglas''). Female forms are Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the given name ''Wilhelm'' (cf. Proto-Germanic ᚹᛁᛚᛃᚨᚺᛖᛚᛗᚨᛉ, ''*Wiljahelmaz'' > German ''Wilhelm'' and Old Norse ᚢᛁᛚᛋᛅᚼᛅᛚᛘᛅᛋ, ''Vilhjálmr''). By regular sound changes, the native, inherited English form of the name shoul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
En Banc
In law, an en banc session (; French for "in bench"; also known as ''in banc'', ''in banco'' or ''in bank'') is a session in which a case is heard before all the judges of a court (before the entire bench) rather than by one judge or a smaller panel of judges. ''En banc'' review is used for unusually complex or important cases or when the court feels there is a particularly significant issue at stake. United States Federal appeals courts in the United States sometimes grant rehearing to reconsider the decision of a panel of the court (consisting of only three judges) in which the case concerns a matter of exceptional public importance or the panel's decision appears to conflict with a prior decision of the court. In rarer instances, an appellate court will order hearing ''en banc'' as an initial matter instead of the panel hearing it first. Cases in United States courts of appeals are heard by three-judge panels, randomly chosen from the sitting appeals court judges of tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Gruender
Raymond W. Gruender (born July 5, 1963) is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. Education and early career Gruender was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduated from the prestigious Jesuit, all-boy college College-preparatory school, St. Louis University High School, in 1981. He then attended Washington University in St. Louis and Washington University School of Law and earned three degrees: a Bachelor of Arts, a Juris Doctor, and a Master of Business Administration. In 2006, he received the Distinguished Young Alumni Award from the law school. Prior to joining the federal bench, Gruender worked as an attorney both in private practice and public service. After law school, he was in private practice at Lewis, Rice & Fingersh from 1987 to 1990, at which point he became an Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri. In 1994, he ran for election as St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney and lost t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael Joseph Melloy
Michael Joseph Melloy (born January 15, 1948) is a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. Education and military service He was born in Dubuque, Iowa and graduated from Wahlert High School in 1966. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from Loras College in 1970, magna cum laude, and a Juris Doctor from University of Iowa College of Law in 1974, with high distinction. During law school, Melloy interned at the Jo Daviess County, Illinois attorney's office. Melloy served in the United States Army from 1970 to 1972, and in the United States Army Reserve from 1972 to 1976. He was initially stationed at Fort Leonard Wood. Career Melloy practiced primarily civil litigation and also administrative law, real estate, bankruptcy, and tax as an associate and then as a partner at O’Connor & Thomas in Dubuque from 1974 until 1986. He also regularly co-chaired Tom Tauke's congressional campaigns and served in various c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James B
James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (other), various kings named James * Saint James (other) * James (musician) * James, brother of Jesus Places Canada * James Bay, a large body of water * James, Ontario United Kingdom * James College, York, James College, a college of the University of York United States * James, Georgia, an unincorporated community * James, Iowa, an unincorporated community * James City, North Carolina * James City County, Virginia ** James City (Virginia Company) ** James City Shire * James City, Pennsylvania * St. James City, Florida Arts, entertainment, and media * James (2005 film), ''James'' (2005 film), a Bollywood film * James (2008 film), ''James'' (2008 film), an Irish short film * James (2022 film), ''James'' (2022 film), an Indian Kannada ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanette Kay Laughrey
Nanette Kay Laughrey (born 1946) is a Senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri and the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri The United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri (in case citations, W.D. Mo.) is the federal judicial district encompassing 66 counties in the western half of the State of Missouri. The Court is based in the Charles Evans .... Laughrey is best known as the presiding judge in the Miracle Cars case. She has a reputation as a stern judge who exercises complete control over her courtroom. In 2017, she ruled against the right of citizens to film public officials and officers in public. References Sources * 1946 births Judges of the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri Judges of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri Living people People from Cheyenne, Wyoming M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Protection Clause
The Equal Protection Clause is part of the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "''nor shall any State ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.''" It mandates that individuals in similar situations be treated equally by the law. A primary motivation for this clause was to validate the equality provisions contained in the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed that all citizens would have the guaranteed right to equal protection by law. As a whole, the Fourteenth Amendment marked a large shift in American constitutionalism, by applying substantially more constitutional restrictions against the states than had applied before the American Civil War, Civil War. The meaning of the Equal Protection Clause has been the subject of much debate, and inspired the well-known phrase "Equal justice under law, Equal Justice Under Law". This clause was the basis for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commonweal (magazine)
''Commonweal'' is a liberal American journal of opinion, edited and managed by lay Catholics, headquartered in The Interchurch Center in New York City. It is the oldest independent Catholic journal of opinion in the United States. History Founded in 1924 by Michael Williams (1877–1950) and the Calvert Associates, ''Commonweal'' is the oldest independent Roman Catholic journal of opinion in the United States. The magazine was originally modeled on ''The New Republic'' and ''The Nation'' but “expressive of the Catholic note” in covering literature, the arts, religion, society, and politics. ''Commonweal'' has published the writing of François Mauriac, Georges Bernanos, Hannah Arendt, G. K. Chesterton, Hilaire Belloc, Jacques Maritain, Dorothy Day, Robert Bellah, Graham Greene, Emmanuel Mounier, Conor Cruise O'Brien, Thomas Merton, Wilfrid Sheed, Paul Ramsey, Joseph Bernardin, Abigail McCarthy, Christopher Lasch, Michael Novak, Alasdair MacIntyre, Charles Taylor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Playground
A playground, playpark, or play area is a place designed to provide an environment for children that facilitates play, typically outdoors. While a playground is usually designed for children, some are designed for other age groups, or people with disabilities. A playground might exclude children below (or above) a certain age. Modern playgrounds often have recreational equipment such as the seesaw, merry-go-round, swingset, slide, jungle gym, chin-up bars, sandbox, spring rider, trapeze rings, playhouses, and mazes, many of which help children develop physical coordination, strength, and flexibility, as well as providing recreation and enjoyment and supporting social and emotional development. Common in modern playgrounds are ''play structures'' that link many different pieces of equipment. Playgrounds often also have facilities for playing informal games of adult sports, such as a baseball diamond, a skating arena, a basketball court, or a tether ball. Public playgro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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