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Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell
Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell (3 May 1830 – 22 December 1901) was a Swedish arachnologist. Thorell studied spiders with Giacomo Doria at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Genoa. He corresponded with other arachnologists, such as Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, Eugène Simon and Thomas Workman. He described more than 1,000 spider species during his time from the 1850 to 1900. Thorell wrote: ''On European Spiders'' (1869) and ''Synonym of European Spiders'' (1870-73). Taxonomic honors The Orb-weaver spider genus '' Thorellina'' and the jumping spider genus '' Thorelliola'' are named after him, as well as about 30 species of spiders: * '' Araneus thorelli'' (Roewer, 1942) (Myanmar) (Araneidae) * '' Gasteracantha thorelli'' Keyserling, 1864 (Madagascar) (Araneidae) * '' Leviellus thorelli'' (Ausserer, 1871) (Europe) (Araneidae) * ''Mandjelia thorelli'' (Raven, 1990) (Queensland) ( Barychelidae) * '' Clubiona thorelli'' Roewer, 1951 (Sumatra) (Clubionidae) * ''Malamatidia thorell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botanist
Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek word (''botanē'') meaning "pasture", " herbs" "grass", or " fodder"; is in turn derived from (), "to feed" or "to graze". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists (in the strict sense) study approximately 410,000 species of land plants of which some 391,000 species are vascular plants (including approximately 369,000 species of flowering plants), and approximately 20,000 are bryophytes. Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandjelia Thorelli
''Mandjelia'' is a genus of South Pacific brushed trapdoor spiders first described by Robert Raven in 1994. Species it contains twenty-three species: *'' Mandjelia anzses'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *'' Mandjelia banksi'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *'' Mandjelia brassi'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 ( type) – Australia (Queensland) *''Mandjelia colemani'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *''Mandjelia commoni'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *''Mandjelia exasperans'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *'' Mandjelia fleckeri'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *'' Mandjelia galmarra'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Queensland) *'' Mandjelia humphreysi'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Western Australia) *''Mandjelia iwupataka'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia (Northern Territory) *''Mandjelia macgregori'' Raven & Churchill, 1994 – Australia ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idiops Thorelli
'' Idiops crassus'' and its trapdoor nest entrance ''Idiops'' is a genus of armored trapdoor spiders that was first described by Josef Anton Maximilian Perty in 1833. It is the type genus of the spurred trapdoor spiders, Idiopidae. ''Idiops'' is also the most species-rich genus of the family, and is found at widely separated locations in the Neotropics, Afrotropics, Indomalaya and the Middle East. Females live in tubular burrows lined with a thick layer of white silk. These typically have a D-shaped lid that fits into the entrance like a cork, and some burrows have two entrances. The lid may consist of mud, moss or lichen, which is bound below by a thick layer of silk. As in all genera of this family, the anterior lateral eyes (ALE) are situated near the clypeal margin, far in front of the remaining six eyes, which are arranged in a tight group. The males which are smaller in size, wander about or occasionally live in burrows. Like other mygalomorphs, they are relatively large a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypochilidae
Lampshade spiders, family Hypochilidae, are among the most primitive of araneomorph spiders. There are two genera and twelve species currently recognized. Like mygalomorphs, most hypochilids have two pairs of book lungs, but like araneomorphs they have intersecting fangs, with the exception of some species which have chelicerae in an angle that is neither orthognathous or labidognathous. These long-legged spiders build typical "lampshade" style webs under overhangs and in caves. In the United States the fauna is primarily associated with the Appalachian, Rocky and California Mountains. Ten of the known species are found in these ranges, all in the genus ''Hypochilus''. The genus ''Ectatosticta'' is found in China. In one analysis, the Hypochilidae are a sister clade to the Neocribellatae, which contains all other spider species in the Araneomorphae (Coddington & Levi, 1991, p. 576). A more recent study groups them with the Haplogynae. , p. 1766. Species '' Ectatosticta' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypochilus Thorelli
''Hypochilus thorelli'' is a species of spider in the family Hypochilidae. Unlike almost all other araneomorph or "true" spiders, members of the family have four book lungs. They are often called "lampshade spiders" because of the shape of their webs which are usually built underneath ledges or projections. ''H. thorelli'' is found in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. Description The female has a cephalothorax about 5.5 mm long and an abdomen (opisthosoma) about 9 mm long. The male is smaller, with a cephalothorax of about 4 mm and an abdomen of about 6 mm. Both sexes have very long legs: the first leg of the female is about 63 mm long; the male has longer and thinner legs, the first leg being about 80 mm long. The cephalothorax of both sexes is light yellowish grey, with a darker star shape underneath. The upper surface of the abdomen is greyish with irregular black lines and marks; the under surface is whiter. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnaphosidae
Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with over 2,000 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include ''Gnaphosa'', ''Drassodes'', ''Micaria'', '' Cesonia'', ''Zelotes'' and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans. Description Generally, ground spiders are characterized by having barrel-shaped anterior spinnerets that are one spinneret diameter apart. The main exception to this rule is found in the ant-mimicking genus ''Micaria''. Another characteristic is an indentation in the endites (paired mouthparts anterior and lateral to the labium, or lip). All ground spiders lack a prey-capture web and generally run prey down on the surface. They hunt at night and spend the day in a silken retreat. The genitalia are diverse and are a good model for studying the evolution of genitalia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zelotes Thorelli
''Zelotes'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ... of ground spiders that was first described by J. Gistel in 1848. Species it contains approximately 400 species: References Gnaphosidae Araneomorphae genera Cosmopolitan spiders {{Gnaphosidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenidae
Wandering spiders (''Ctenidae'') are a family of spiders that includes the Brazilian wandering spiders. These spiders have a distinctive longitudinal groove on the top-rear of their oval carapace similar to those of the Amaurobiidae. They are highly defensive and venomous nocturnal hunters. Wandering spiders are known to hunt large prey, for example hylid species '' Dendropsophus branneri.'' Despite their notoriety for being dangerous, only a few members of ''Phoneutria'' have venom known to be hazardous to humans, but the venoms of this family are poorly known, so all larger ctenids should be treated with caution. Genera , the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera: *'' Acantheis'' Thorell, 1891 — Asia *'' Acanthoctenus'' Keyserling, 1877 — South America, Central America, Jamaica, Mexico *'' Africactenus'' Hyatt, 1954 — Africa, India *'' Afroneutria'' Polotow & Jocqué, 2015 — Africa *'' Amauropelma'' Raven, Stumkat & Gray, 2001 — Asia, Australia *'' Amicac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenus Thorelli
''Bowie thorelli'', is a species of spider of the genus '' Bowie''. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. See also * List of Ctenidae species This page lists all described species of the spider family Ctenidae accepted by the World Spider Catalog : A ''Acantheis'' '' Acantheis'' Thorell, 1891 * '' A. boetonensis'' (Strand, 1913) — Indonesia (Sulawesi) * '' A. celer'' (Simon, 1897) ... References Ctenidae Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka Spiders of Asia Spiders described in 1897 {{ctenidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corinnidae
Corinnidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called corinnid sac spiders. The family, like other "clubionoid" families, has a confusing taxonomic history. Once it was a part of the large catch-all taxon Clubionidae, now very much smaller. The original members of the family are apparently similar only in that they have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets that touch and are generally wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks. In 2014, Martín Ramírez recognized the family in a restricted sense, including only the subfamilies Corinninae and Castianeirinae. Two former subfamilies of the Corinnidae are now treated as separate families, Phrurolithidae and Trachelidae. As now recognized, Corinnidae contains 71 genera and over 800 species worldwide. Among the common genera are ''Castianeira'' (nearly world wide) and ''Corinna'' (widespread). Members of the genus ''C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corinnomma Thorelli
''Corinnomma'' is a genus of African and Asian corinnid sac spiders first described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1880. Species it contains fourteen species: *'' Corinnomma afghanicum'' Roewer, 1962 – Afghanistan *'' Corinnomma albobarbatum'' Simon, 1898 – St. Vincent *'' Corinnomma comulatum'' Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.) *'' Corinnomma javanum'' Simon, 1905 – Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia (Java, Borneo) *'' Corinnomma lawrencei'' Haddad, 2006 – Tanzania, Mozambique, South Africa *''Corinnomma moerens'' Thorell, 1890 – Indonesia (Sumatra) *''Corinnomma olivaceum'' Simon, 1896 – Ethiopia *'' Corinnomma plumosa'' (Thorell, 1881) – Indonesia (Moluccas) *'' Corinnomma rapax'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 1993 – Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo) *'' Corinnomma rufofuscum'' Reimoser, 1934 – India *'' Corinnomma semiglabrum'' (Simon, 1896) – Zimbabwe, South Africa, Eswatini *'' Corinnomma severum'' (Thorell, 1877) ( type) – India to China, Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra, S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malamatidia Thorelli
''Malamatidia'' is a genus of Southeast Asian Clubionidae, sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001. Species it contains five species: *''Malamatidia bohorokensis'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (Type species, type) – Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo) *''Malamatidia christae'' Peter Jäger, Jäger & Dankittipakul, 2010 – Laos *''Malamatidia thorelli'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 – Indonesia (Sulawesi) *''Malamatidia vethi'' Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 – Malaysia, Indonesia (Borneo) *''Malamatidia zu'' Jäger & Dankittipakul, 2010 – Laos References Araneomorphae genera Clubionidae Spiders of Asia {{Clubionidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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