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Tokyo Metro 6000 Series
The was an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the Tokyo subway operator Tokyo Metro on the Tokyo Metro Chiyoda Line in Tokyo, Japan from 1971 to 2018. A number of trainsets have been exported to Indonesia for use by Kereta Commuter Indonesia following their withdrawal in Japan. The trains have 20 m aluminium 4-door cars, and are used on the Chiyoda Line, as well as Odakyu Odawara Line, and Joban Line (all-stations "local" services). The sole three-car set was used on the Chiyoda Line Kita-Ayase branch line. Fleet * 6000: 1st prototype (1968) * 6101: 2nd prototype (1969) * 6102–6121: full production 1st–3rd full-production batch type * 6122–6135: full production 4th–7th full-production batch type , the remaining fleet still operating in Japan consisted of 2 ten-car sets (sets 02 and 30). The 6000 series was scheduled for its final commercial operation on 13 October 2018. They were finally retired from service on 11 November 2018, after their final seas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kereta Commuter Indonesia
PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (trading as KAI Commuter, abbreviated as KCI or KAIC) is a subsidiary of the Indonesian national railway company PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) which manages commuter rail services. Initially founded as an operator of Greater Jakarta commuter rail, the company currently responsible to several commuter rail and local train systems in Indonesia. History KAI Commuter has its root from Jabotabek Urban Transport Division ( id, Divisi Angkutan Perkotaan Jabotabek) of KAI (previously PT Kereta Api), which was separated from Operating Area I Jakarta (''Daerah Operasi I Jakarta'') of KAI. The division handles the Jabotabek commuter rail (currently KRL Commuterline), while the ''Daerah Operasi I'' handles long-distance trains and railway infrastructures. KAI Commuter was founded on 15 September 2008 as PT KAI Commuter Jabodetabek (KCJ, branded later as "Commuterline" or simply "Commuter"), as a spin-off from KAI. The company formation was based on Presidenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KAI Commuter Loop Line
KA Commuter line Jatinegara–Bogor or the Jakarta loop line was a commuter rail line in Indonesia, operated by PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (KCI). The line connected station in East Jakarta and Bogor station in Bogor, West Java. On maps and diagrams, the line was shown using the colour "yellow" (). The Jatinegara–Bogor line was the second busiest line in the KA Commuter system. Covering the distance of 69.35 kilometres, it was the longest KA Commuter line, combining the loop-line on Jatinegara–Kampung Bandan–Tanah Abang–Manggarai with Manggarai–Depok–Bogor lines. The yellow line, especially the loopline corridor between Jatinegara and Manggarai stations was the main trunk line or feeder for KA Commuter line system. It connects to pink line at Kampung Bandan, brown line at Duri, green line at Tanah Abang, and blue line at Jatinegara and Manggarai. The line and stations between Manggarai and Bogor were shared with the red line. There was a branch line connecti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantograph (rail)
A pantograph (or "pan" or "panto") is an apparatus mounted on the roof of an electric train, tram or electric bus to collect power through contact with an overhead line. By contrast, battery electric buses and trains are charged at charging stations. The pantograph is a common type of current collector; typically, a single or double wire is used, with the return current running through the rails. The term stems from the resemblance of some styles to the mechanical pantographs used for copying handwriting and drawings. Invention The pantograph, with a low-friction, replaceable graphite contact strip or "shoe" to minimise lateral stress on the contact wire, first appeared in the late 19th century. Early versions include the bow collector, invented in 1889 by Walter Reichel, chief engineer at Siemens & Halske in Germany, and a flat slide-pantograph first used in 1895 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad The familiar diamond-shaped roller pantograph was devised and patented b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electric Multiple Unit
An electric multiple unit or EMU is a multiple-unit train consisting of self-propelled carriages using electricity as the motive power. An EMU requires no separate locomotive, as electric traction motors are incorporated within one or a number of the carriages. An EMU is usually formed of two or more semi-permanently coupled carriages, but electrically powered single-unit railcars are also generally classed as EMUs. The great majority of EMUs are passenger trains, but versions also exist for carrying mail. EMUs are popular on commuter and suburban rail networks around the world due to their fast acceleration and pollution-free operation. Being quieter than diesel multiple units (DMUs) and locomotive-hauled trains, EMUs can operate later at night and more frequently without disturbing nearby residents. In addition, tunnel design for EMU trains is simpler as no provision is needed for exhausting fumes, although retrofitting existing limited-clearance tunnels to accommodate the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Coupling
A coupling (or a coupler) is a mechanism typically placed at each end of a railway vehicle that connects them together to form a train. A variety of coupler types have been developed over the course of railway history. Key issues in their design include strength, reliability, ease of making connections and operator safety. The equipment that connects the couplings to the vehicles is the draft gear or draw gear and these must absorb the stresses of coupling and train acceleration. Nomenclature Compatible and similar couplings or couplers are frequently referred to using widely differing make, brand, or regional names, or nicknames, which can make describing standard or typical designs confusing. Dimensions and ratings noted in these articles are usually of nominal or typical components and systems, though standards and practices also vary widely with railway, region, and era. Buffers and chain The basic type of coupling on railways following the British tradition is the bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Automatic Train Stop
Automatic train stop or ATS is a system on a train that automatically stops a train if certain situations occur (unresponsive train operator, earthquake, disconnected rail, train running over a stop signal, etc.) to prevent accidents. In some scenarios it functions as a type of dead man's switch. Automatic train stop differs from the concept of Automatic Train Control in that ATS usually does not feature an onboard speed control mechanism. Overview Mechanical systems The invention of the fail-safe railway air brake provided an external means for stopping a train via a physical object opening a valve on the brake line to the atmosphere. Eventually known as ''train stops'' or ''trip stops'', the first mechanical ATS system was installed in France in 1878 with some railroads in Russia following suit using a similar system in 1880. In 1901 Union Switch and Signal Company developed the first North American automatic train stop system for the Boston Elevated Railway. This system was so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CS-ATC
Automatic train control (ATC) is a general class of train protection systems for railways that involves a speed control mechanism in response to external inputs. For example, a system could effect an emergency brake application if the driver does not react to a signal at danger. ATC systems tend to integrate various cab signalling technologies and they use more granular deceleration patterns in lieu of the rigid stops encountered with the older automatic train stop (ATS) technology. ATC can also be used with automatic train operation (ATO) and is usually considered to be the safety-critical part of a railway system. Over time, there have been many different safety systems labelled as "automatic train control". The first experimental apparatus was installed on the Henley branch line in January 1906 by the Great Western Railway, although it would now be referred to as an automatic warning system (AWS) because the driver retained full command of braking. The term is especially com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regenerative Braking
Regenerative braking is an energy recovery mechanism that slows down a moving vehicle or object by converting its kinetic energy into a form that can be either used immediately or stored until needed. In this mechanism, the electric traction motor uses the vehicle's momentum to recover energy that would otherwise be lost to the brake discs as heat. This method contrasts with conventional braking systems. In those systems, the excess kinetic energy is converted to unwanted and wasted heat due to friction in the brakes, or with rheostatic brakes, where the energy is recovered by using electric motors as generators but is immediately dissipated as heat in resistors. In addition to improving the overall efficiency of the vehicle, regeneration can significantly extend the life of the braking system as the mechanical parts will not wear out quickly. General principle The most common form of regenerative brake involves an electric motor functioning as an electric generator. In elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VVVF
A variable-frequency drive (VFD) is a type of motor drive used in electro-mechanical drive systems to control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and, depending on Topology (electrical circuits), topology, to control associated voltage or electric current, current variation., quote is per definition on p. 4 of NEMA Standards Publication ICS 7.2-2021. VFDs may also be known as 'AFDs' (adjustable-frequency drives), 'ASDs' (adjustable-speed drives), 'VSDs' (variable-speed drives), 'AC drives', 'micro drives', 'inverter drives' or, simply, 'drives'. VFDs are used in applications ranging from small appliances to large compressors. An increasing number of end users are showing greater interest in electric drive systems due to more stringent emission standards and demand for increased reliability and better availability. Systems using VFDs can be more efficient than those using throttling control of fluid flow, such as in systems with pumps and damper control f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IGBT
An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch, which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching. It consists of four alternating layers (P–N–P–N) that are controlled by a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) gate structure. Although the structure of the IGBT is topologically the same as a thyristor with a "MOS" gate ( MOS-gate thyristor), the thyristor action is completely suppressed, and only the transistor action is permitted in the entire device operation range. It is used in switching power supplies in high-power applications: variable-frequency drives (VFDs), electric cars, trains, variable-speed refrigerators, lamp ballasts, arc-welding machines, induction hobs, and air conditioners. Since it is designed to turn on and off rapidly, the IGBT can synthesize complex waveforms with pulse-width modulation and low-pass filters, so it is also used in switching a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chopper Control
In electronics, a chopper circuit is any of numerous types of electronic switching devices and circuits used in power control and signal applications. A chopper is a device that converts fixed DC input to a variable DC output voltage directly. Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another. In power electronics applications, since the switching element is either fully on or fully off, its losses are low and the circuit can provide high efficiency. However, the current supplied to the load is discontinuous and may require smoothing or a high switching frequency to avoid undesirable effects. In signal processing circuits, use of a chopper stabilizes a system against drift of electronic components; the original signal can be recovered after amplification or other processing by a synchronous demodulator that essentially un-does the "chopping" process. Comparison (step down chopper and step up chopper) Comparison bet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KAI Commuter Tangerang Line
KA Commuter line Duri–Tangerang, or the Tangerang line, is a commuter rail line in Indonesia, operated by PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (KCI). The line operate on the Duri–Tangerang segment, which connects Duri station in West Jakarta and Tangerang station in Tangerang City, Banten. On maps and diagrams, the line is shown using the colour "brown" (). Stations The distance table of Commuterline stations. Rolling stock Current *JR East 205 series *Tokyo Metro 6000 series *INKA-Bombardier EMU (for SHA Rail Link) *Tokyu 8000/ 8500 series Former rolling stock *Toyo Rapid 1000 series Toyo may refer to: Places *Tōyō, Kōchi, a town in Japan *Tōyo, Ehime, a former city in Japan *Toyo Province, a Japanese province divided in 683 *Tōyō, Kumamoto, a village located in Yatsuhiro District, Kumamoto, Japan *Tōyō, Tokyo, a ... Accidents and incidents Pre-2011 route and services reform * 19 August 2000, a KRL Hitachi trainset running KA 628 (Economy class) from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
